فهرست مطالب
Modern Care Journal
Volume:21 Issue: 4, Oct 2024
- تاریخ انتشار: 1403/09/25
- تعداد عناوین: 9
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Page 1Background
Empathy is an essential interpersonal skill in providing care. Therefore, it is important to identify factors related to empathy in nursing students.
ObjectivesThis study aimed to examine the relationship between the perception of professional values and empathy in nursing students.
MethodsA descriptive-correlational design was employed, involving 200 nursing students from the Islamic Azad University's Medical Sciences Faculty in Karaj, Iran. Data were collected between 24 April and 10 June 2023, using convenience sampling. Participants completed a demographic form, the Jefferson Scale of Empathy-Health Profession Students (JES-HPS), and the Nurse Professional Values Scale-Revised (NPVS-R) through self-report. Data were analyzed using an independent sample t -test, ANOVA, and Pearson's correlation coefficient with the IBM Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26 software.
ResultsThe mean scores for empathy and the perception of professional values were 69.26 ± 7.74 and 108.74 ± 14.56, respectively. Pearson correlation analysis revealed a significant positive correlation between total empathy scores and nursing students' perceptions of professional values (r = 0.232, P = 0.001).
ConclusionsThis study found a positive association between nursing students' perceptions of professional values and their empathy levels. Enhancing professional values in the hidden curriculum and incorporating strategies into both theoretical and practical training may help cultivate higher levels of empathy among nursing students. This insight is valuable for educational policymakers and curriculum planners aiming to promote empathetic care in future nursing professionals.
Keywords: Nursing Students, Empathy, Professional Values -
Page 2Background
Infertile women not only face physical challenges but also experience a range of psychological problems throughout the diagnosis, treatment, and course of their disease.
ObjectivesThis study aimed to examine the effects of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) on distress tolerance, flourishing, and purpose in life of infertile women.
MethodsAn interventional design with a pre-test and post-test with a control group was utilized in this research. The population consisted of infertile women undergoing treatment at infertility clinics in Isfahan city from February 20, 2023, to July 30, 2023. A total of 36 infertile women were randomly selected by convenience sampling based on inclusion and exclusion criteria and assigned into two equal groups—control and interventional—using simple random sampling (n = 18). The instruments used in this study included the Distress Tolerance Questionnaire by Simmons and Gaher (2005), the Flourishing Questionnaire by Soleimani et al. (2015), and the Purpose in Life Questionnaire by Crumbaugh and Maholick (1964). The interventional group received 8 sessions of ACT, while no intervention was implemented for the control group. At the end of the last treatment session, the participants took a post-test, and the data were analyzed using SPSS software version 23 at two levels of descriptive and inferential statistics.
ResultsThe demographic findings of the sample group indicated that the average age in the interventional group was 29.94 years, and in the control group, it was 30.50 years. Results showed that the mean scores of distress tolerance, flourishing, and purpose in life in the interventional group improved in the post-test phase compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Based on the results of multivariate covariance analysis, there is a significant difference between the groups in terms of distress tolerance, flourishing, and purpose in life (P < 0.05).
ConclusionsAcceptance and commitment therapy appears to be helpful in improving psychological problems associated with infertility in infertile women. Therefore, counselors and psychologists can use this method to support infertile women.
Keywords: Acceptance, Commitment Therapy, ACT, Distress Tolerance, Flourishing, Purpose In Life, Infertile Women -
Page 3Background
Chronic pain (CP) is defined as persistent, severe pain lasting for more than three months and is often associated with psychological distress (PD) and learned helplessness (LH).
ObjectivesThis study aims to explore the relationship between post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), PD, and LH in individuals with CP.
MethodsThe research employed a descriptive, causal-comparative methodology. The study population consisted of patients referred to pain and physiotherapy clinics in Tehran between 2022 and 2023. From a pool of 300 CP patients, 150 with high-grade PTSD severity and 150 with low-grade PTSD severity were purposively selected. Participants completed PTSD (Blevins et al., 2015), PD (Lovibond & Lovibond, 1995), and LH (Quinnells & Nelson, 1988) questionnaires. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS-24 software, with multivariate analysis of variance used for data analysis (P < 0.005).
ResultsAmong the 300 patients, 52.6% were married, 44.0% held a bachelor’s degree, and 37.4% had musculoskeletal disorders. The findings revealed significant differences in PD and LH levels between the two groups (P < 0.001). Chronic pain patients with high-grade PTSD exhibited greater levels of depression (F = 211.09), anxiety (F = 231.06), stress (F = 374.85), and LH (F = 457.79) compared to those with low-grade PTSD (P < 0.001).
ConclusionsThis research highlights the significant impact of PTSD severity on PD and LH in individuals with CP. These results emphasize the need to consider psychological factors in the treatment and management of CP.
Keywords: Psychological Distress, Learned Helplessness, Chronic Pain, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder -
Page 4Background
Cerebral palsy (CP) is a neurological motor disability, and children with CP should receive rehabilitation services to achieve their full potential.
ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to explore the quality of life (QOL) of children with CP across various domains and to assess the role of access to rehabilitation services on their QOL.
MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study involving all 126 children aged 4 - 12 with CP and their parents in Saqqez county, Kurdistan province, Iran. The "Physical Rehabilitation Accessibility Assessment Questionnaire" and the "Parental Proxy CP QOL-Child questionnaire" were used to measure the main variables. The analysis performed separately for two subpopulations: 27 children aged 4 - 6 years and 99 children older than six, using SPSS version 23. After prforming Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, the Spearman correlation coefficient was employed to identify correlations.
ResultsThe average age of the participants was 8 ± 2.36 years, with 51 (40.5%) being girls. Of the 126 children with CP, 45 (35.7%) had independent mobility function (GMFCS levels I and II). The mean CP QOL-Child domain scores ranged from 35.3 ± 25.1 in the 'access to services' domain to 74.5 ± 16.1 in the 'Emotional well-being and self-esteem' domain. The average accessibility score was 53.8 ± 22.1. Among children older than 6 years, access to rehabilitation services showed a significant correlation with all CP QOL-Child domain scores (P < 0.05), except for 'social well-being and acceptance.' In children aged 4 - 6 years, only the Family Health domain score was significantly correlated with access to rehabilitation services (r = 0.44, P = 0.021).
ConclusionsAccess to rehabilitation services is a significant predictor of QOL in children older than 6 years. Further experimental research is needed to examine changes in various aspects of QOL in children with CP following improved access to rehabilitation services.
Keywords: Children, Accessibility, Rehabilitation Services, Quality Of Life, Cerebral Palsy -
Page 5Background
Apitherapy has emerged as both a conventional and alternative treatment effective against COVID-19-related symptoms.
ObjectivesThis study aimed to determine the types, frequency, and amount of apitherapy products that late adolescents use before and during the pandemic.
MethodsThe study employed a cross‐sectional, descriptive, and comparative design. Using stratified random sampling, 3307 late adolescents aged 17 - 21 were included. Data were collected through a questionnaire on demographic characteristics and apitherapy products. Descriptive statistics and paired sample t-tests were used for data analysis, with effect size calculated using Cohen’s d method.
ResultsHalf of the participants (n = 1595, 48.2%) had never heard of “apitherapy” before, while those who had heard mentioned honey (35.6%), pollen (25.5%), propolis (14.9%), royal jelly (11.3%), bee venom (8.4%), and bee bread (4.3%). They reported using these products to “boost their immune systems”, “prevent respiratory infections/reduce cough”, and “reduce nausea and vomiting”. Late adolescents consumed significantly more honey (t = -15.683, P < 0.001, effect size = 0.35), pollen (t = -11.111, P < 0.001; effect size = 0.44), and propolis (t = -15.302, P < 0.001, effect size = 0.45) during the pandemic than before. They primarily examined labels before purchasing (36.4%) and believed that products approved by the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry should be purchased (63.3%).
ConclusionsThis study underscores the popularity of apitherapy among late adolescents. Further surveys are recommended to better understand young people's apitherapy habits and provide valuable data for healthcare practitioners combating the pandemic.
Keywords: Apitherapy, Complementary Therapies, COVID-19, SARS-Cov-2 -
Page 6Background
Diabetes is a prevalent chronic disease and is considered a risk factor for other chronic diseases. Various studies have pointed out the relationship between uric acid and type 2 diabetes.
ObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate the relationship between hyperuricemia and hypertension in diabetic patients undergoing hemodialysis.
MethodsThe descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study was conducted on dialysis patients referred to the Comprehensive Center for the Treatment of Special Diseases in Birjand in 2022. Data were collected through a checklist, which included information such as age, sex, duration of hemodialysis, duration of diabetes, history of underlying diseases, blood pressure, and serum uric acid level. The data were analyzed using SPSS 26 software and chi-square, Fisher's exact, Mann-Whitney tests with a significance level of 0.05.
ResultsHypertension was present in 61 (85.9%) of patients. The average uric acid level was 5.9± 1.12, and hyperuricemia was observed in 11 (15.5%) of patients. Although the rate of hyperuricemia was higher in patients with high blood pressure [10 (16.4%) vs. 1 (10%)], no significant relationship between hyperuricemia and high blood pressure was observed (P = 0.605). Additionally, no significant relationship was observed between the average uric acid level and demographic factors (age, sex, duration of dialysis, and average blood sugar) (P > 0.05).
ConclusionsAccording to the present study's results, the rate of hyperuricemia in dialysis patients with high blood pressure is higher than in patients without high blood pressure. However, due to the non-significance of this relationship, there is a need to conduct studies with a larger sample size to truly understand its relationship with high blood pressure in diabetic patients undergoing hemodialysis.
Keywords: Hyperuricemia, Hypertension, Diabetic, Hemodialysis -
Page 7Background
Research indicates that certain demographic groups, including girls, often experience lower-than-average levels of mental well-being. Therefore, it appears that one approach to enhancing mental health is by teaching resilience skills.
ObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate the effects of resilience training on the mental health dimensions of sixth-grade female students in Qaynat city during the academic year 2021 - 2022.
MethodsThe study employed an experimental design with a control group, conducting pre- and post-tests. The statistical population comprised female sixth-grade students from an elementary school in Qaynat City. Thirty female students exhibiting high scores on measures of depression, anxiety, and stress were selected and randomly divided into two experimental groups, with 15 participants in each group. The experimental group underwent resilience training consisting of 8 sessions. The desired variables were measured using Lovibond and Lovibond's Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS). The data were analyzed using SPSS 25 software through independent samples t-tests and paired t-tests.
ResultsThe findings revealed that the resilience training intervention significantly reduced symptoms of depression (F = 11.542), anxiety (F = 13.67), and stress (F = 6.01) in the experimental group (P = 0.001).
ConclusionsThe results suggest that participation in a resilience training program can improve students' mental health. Therefore, implementing such intervention programs in the form of workshops and establishing counseling and support groups may be beneficial for enhancing students' mental well-being.
Keywords: Stress, Depression, Anxiety, Resilience, Mental Health -
Page 8Background
The rate of cesarean delivery is increasing worldwide despite alarming potential risks.
ObjectivesThis study aimed to evaluate the relationship between maternal co-morbidities and adverse outcomes of cesarean sections.
MethodsThis study was conducted at Alzahra Hospital in Rasht, Iran, during 2023. Demographic data of pregnant women, their co-morbidities, and cesarean outcomes, defined as mortality or complications including postoperative ICU admission and the first-minute neonate’s Apgar score, were recorded. The relationship between maternal co-morbidities, the number of co-morbidities, cesarean section outcomes, and the first-minute neonate’s Apgar score were analyzed. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 21. The Kolmogorov–Smirnov test, chi-squared test, and two independent t -tests were used.
ResultsThe data from 246 women were analyzed. Gestational diabetes mellitus (36.2%) was the most common co-morbidity. More than 90% of babies had an Apgar score of 7 - 10. Regarding the relationship between maternal co-morbidities and unwanted outcomes, no statistically significant association was found except for hypertensive disorders (P = 0.003). Apgar scores were not affected by maternal co-morbidities (P = 0.183). No cases of mortality were reported.
ConclusionsDespite a notable number of maternal co-morbidities, limited adverse outcomes with no mortality were documented, emphasizing the role of cohesive teamwork in improving outcomes.
Keywords: Cesarean Section, Morbidity, Outcome Assessment -
Page 9Introduction
Infertility, defined as a woman's inability to conceive and carry a pregnancy, is a significant health concern requiring careful attention and treatment. This study aims to describe the nursing process for a patient with infertility using King's goal attainment model.
Case PresentationThe case involves a patient with infertility who has undergone six unsuccessful in vitro fertilization (IVF) attempts and declined surrogate uterus transplantation. Following each IVF attempt, the patient experienced renal complications, resulting in three hospitalizations. Data were collected through observations, interviews with the patient and her family, and paraclinical tests and documents. The nursing process was customized according to the patient's preferences.
ConclusionsThe results of the study indicated that the patient was able to interact with nurses but did not adhere to health-promoting behaviors and treatments. The analysis led to eight nursing diagnoses and 25 care goals, with the patient managing to act according to her prioritized goals through the nursing process utilizing King's goal attainment model. These findings underscore the importance of a systematic and structured approach, such as King's goal attainment model, in providing effective nursing care for patients with infertility.
Keywords: Pregnancy, Female, Goals, Nursing Diagnosis, Infertility, Fertilization In Vitro, Patient Care Planning