مجله راهور
پیاپی 49 (تابستان 1403)

Due to the installation and maintenance costs of safety measures and variety of results in their installa-tion make it necessary to evaluate the effectiveness of these measures. One of these measures and re-pairs is the creation and installation of longitudinal rumble strips in the road, which are used to reduce run of the road (ROR) accidents and Drop in head-on collision in the roads. The aim of this study is Safety Effectiveness Evaluation of Longitudinal Rumble Strips in Major Rural Roads. In this study, the Empirical Bayes Method was used to evaluate the effectiveness of installing longitudi-nal rumble strips in 19 main arteries in Kurdistan province. In this study, the number of crashes was predicted for the period after the action, and the findings show that the number of run of the road crashes in the 3-year period before the action is equal to 64 and for the 2-year period after the action is equal to 29 crashes. Also, the number of head-on collision for the 12 roads under study is 47 in the 3-year period before the action and 22 in the 2-year period after the ac-tion.The results of this study show a significant effectiveness in reducing run of the road accidents caused by the relevant action. So that the effectiveness rate was 33.38% and Also, the effectiveness of these measures for head-on crashes was 26.2%.

specialized, continuous and updating training numbering service center expertsone most important ways to improve their scientific and technical knowledge; in this contextmost essential step in compiling and implementing their training program correct and reality-based implementation process.a needs assessment.

research was exploratory in terms of applied purpose and mixed method. statistical population in the qualitative part was the experts Faraja Traffic Police Headquarters, in the quantitative part, experts numbering centers, number plate replacement, Tehran Traffic Police. Sampling in the qualitative part was based on a purposeful method based criteria until reaching theoretical saturation, and in the quantitative part, it was based on a simple random method equal Morgan's table with the number 95 people. analyze collected data, in the qualitative part research, theme analysis was done by MAXQDA software, and quantitative part, structural equation modeling was done by Smart PLS software.

order, the greatest effect related dimension of realism, very strong relationship, learning, strong relationship and then participation, average relationship and finally least effect related to the dimension feedback needs assessment and educational prioritization numbering service center experts is

experts of numbering service centers need more technical and scientific knowledge about numbering services, which is necessary. This matter has been noticed by supervisors specialized training and the theoretical and practical training programs provided in Faraja training centers are appropriate to needs. Their scientific, technical and practical aspects should be compiled in a diverse range of educational standards in line with environmental developments and technological changes.

In Iran, despite considerable attention to safety training, the education of teenagers in the ages before obtaining a driving license has been largely overlooked. This research aims to present a comprehensive model for the necessary priorities for teenager education by drawing on the actions taken in successful countries.

In this study, to identify solutions for addressing the educational gap among teenagers, a comparative analysis was conducted on the most significant teenagers’ education programs in the United States, the United Kingdom, and Australia. The key strategies implemented in these countries were extracted and adapted to the context of Iran. Consequently, 39 strategies were introduced across four main components: Teenager education, Parental education, Institutional collaboration, and Legislation. A researcher-designed questionnaire was then developed and completed by 46 experts. Structural equation modelling was employed to analyze the survey.

Responses from 46 experts indicate that legislation, institutional cooperation, adolescent education, and parent education are crucial for enhancing adolescents’ traffic knowledge. Practical, interactive, and theoretical education is ranked as the most effective methods of adolescent education. Key indices include cooperation with schools, practical programs with educational content, and a national education plan for adolescents.

Overall, the first step in educating teenagers is to revisit the legal frameworks and the obligations created by law for effective collaboration of institutions involved in teenager education. Moreover, due to technological advancements, more effective tools can be seen alongside suitable practical training for teenagers to increase their interaction with the challenges of the real world.

According to previous studies, 60% to 70% of rural road crashes in Iran would occur at the city entrance zones. In all previous studies, a traditional definition has been used to determine the boundary of the city entrances. Based on these studies, a distance of 30 km from the origin or destination city has been considered, as the boundary of the cities' entrance area, which has distinct characteristics from the roads' basic segments. These distinguishing characteristics are the main reason for increasing the frequency of crashes in marginal areas around cities. However, considering a certain value as the boundary of the city entrance zone for all types of roads and cities and analyzing the crashes of these areas regardless of the characteristics of various rural roads in marginal areas around cities is worth considering. This study has been conducted to develop models to determine the boundary of influence area for various rural roads in Iran.

For this purpose, linear and logistic regression models have been used. The linear regression model determines the boundary of influence area (BIA) for rural roads as a continuous value. However, the output of the logistic regression approaches including multinomial and ordered logistic models reveal the segment of road where the BIA is more likely to be.

Based on the results, the main factors affecting the boundary of influence area include the number of access points, the length of adjacent land uses, and the average traffic volume. The results of validation showed that all three models have almost the same accuracy in predicting BIA. However, since the linear regression model is better able to provide the output as a continuous value, it is more efficient in estimating BIA.

A better understanding of these areas by determining the boundary of their influence area and taking the proper safety measures concerning their characteristics could be considered, as an effective solution to decrease the frequency of rural road crashes and fatalities.

A very important factor in the occurrence of accidents in our country is the driver's behavior, which is a human factor, and risky driving behaviors are one of the factors that cause traffic accidents. The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effectiveness of the mindfulness training program based on stress reduction on the dimensions of risky driving behaviors of Tabriz Azad University students.

The research method is applied in terms of objective and semi-experimental in terms of pre-test and post-test design and control group. The statistical population of the present study includes all students with driving conditions, first, the risky driving behavior questionnaire was administered to 400 students who were determined based on Morgan's table, and then 40 students who were one standard deviation higher than the average in the risky behavior questionnaire They were selected and randomly replaced in two experimental and control groups. The data collection tool was the Manchester Driving Behavior Questionnaire and the mindfulness training package Kabat and Zeen (2005).

The findings showed that mindfulness training based on reducing stress on the dimensions of slips (F = 19.231 and rata = 0.361), intentional violations (F = 32.71 and rata = 0.490), mistakes (0.7 F=178 and R=0.840) and unintentional violations (F=17.14 and R=0.335) were significant. The results showed that the stress reduction program based on mindfulness has a positive and significant effect on high-risk behaviors in people with high-risk driving behaviors (p<0.05).

The results showed that by teaching stress reduction programs based on mindfulness, the high-risk behaviors of students in the experimental group have improved compared to the control group.

Taking measures to improve knowledge in the field of investigation of accident factors are considered continuously. But among these factors, identifying the risky behavior of drivers is much more complicated and difficult. People behave in such a way that the education they learn during the process of growing and interacting with different communities plays a very important role in improving and correcting their behavior.

This research is applied and the research method is content analysis. The tool of data collection is the documents of driving education documents of other countries and its adaptation to Iran. Therefore, information was collected and qualitatively analyzed through interviews with 27 experts in this field.

The experience and executive records of some countries can serve as a model for Iran and improve the traffic behavior of drivers in some ways.Results and suggestions: Iran can spread the culture of traffic among elderly drivers, the type of learning is compulsory, self-aware (voluntarily), the time of learning, from childhood (even preschool) to old age, the nature of learning, preventive and not dealing with violators. and traffic violators, the level of education in schools, educational centers and universities, social and cultural associations, clubs, hospitals, institutions effective in promoting traffic culture, including insurance organizations and automobile companies, education and training, Municipalities, traffic police, mass media, driving schools should be included in the planning of driving education.