فصلنامه پازند
پیاپی 18-19 (پاییز و زمستان 1388)

Chardouly dialect is one of the western group of Iranian languages. It is nearly related to Laki dialect. In this article, first the phonological structure is described, then various phonological process, word formation process and grammatical structure are mentioned. During grammatical studies some aspects reveal that, this dialect has more resemblance to ancient languages and even the language of Avesta. Data gathering is done directly through interviews with old local speakers of men and women, literate and illiterate as well as kids. It is the first time this dialect is introduced and studied. This study may open a new way to the researchers in the fields of word formation and grammatical structure of ancient Iranian languages. The aforesaid dialect is in danger of being forgotten, so studying and saving of this dialect bears a very important aspect.

The grammatical verb bayyen ‘to become’ is found in two apparently different structures in Saravi dialect, i.e. unaccusative structures and passive sentences. Adopting a minimalist perspective, in the former structures, traditionally called copula sentences, the light verb bayyen is preceded by a non-verbal element which could be nominal, adjectival, or prepositional, and in the latter structures the auxiliary verb bayyen, appearing in the head of functional PassP, follows the past participle form of a transitive verb. Based on the empirical and theoretical evidences, the present study shows that these two structures are identical and there is no passive structure and passive projection in Saravi. This conclusion means that the light verb bayyen ‘to become’ cannot be considered as an auxiliary verb in Saravi. In sum, this grammatical verb is only used as a light verb in an unaccusative complex predicate, headed by a non-verbal element.

Vafsi belongs to the Tatic family and is spoken in some villages in central Iran. Vafsi has several common features with the central dialects and some form of Kurdish. This paper first explain the phonetic of Vafsi and then sign to syntax and grammatical structure, including direct and oblique cases in nouns and pronominal, Gender, circumposition, transitive and intransitive verbs, ergative, stative verb, incorporating, causative and passive verbs. A list of common words in Vafsi also is mentioned at the end of the article.

Sometimes a segmental element in a speech chain changes to another one without having been placed it in the framework of phonetic processes such as assimilation, dissimilation, assimilation of vowel and consonant and so on. This process is named “mutation” and its analysis in Shirazi accent is the subject of this research. The present paper begins with a short introduction to Iranian languages and their historical periods, a definition of “dialect” and “accent”; then Shirazi dialect, its evolutionary periods and its gradual change to accent will be offered. Then its phonological system (consonants and vowels) will be introduced and finally different kinds of “mutation” in Shirazi accent will be described in detail. The finddings in this research show that “mutation” is one of the main phonetic processes in Shirazi accent and vowel mutation has the highest frequency.

Mahshahri Dialect is one of the common dialects in Khuzestan province. From typological approach Mahshahri is one of the lorish dialects. This study investigates verb structure of this dialect. In this dialect, future tense is omitted, instead simple present tense is used.

Languages and consequently dialects are dynamic phenomena continuously changing. On the other hand different dialects and accents of linguistic society are considered to be a part of national culture and therefore should be preserved. The researcher has studied 10 samples of different dialects in Fars province. This paper is an attempt to describe and classify some very important morphological and phonological processes e.g. assimilation, mutation and lenition of different dialects in Fars province. This study reveals that differences between these dialects and Farsi as standard language are the result of unmarkedness and simplification.

Lenition is a process in which a certain sound is pronounced with less muscular power and weaker respiratory energy, thus making an attempt towards the principle of economy and causing continuous changes to languages. This paper is an attempt to study the phonological changes of the sound [d] in Dashtestani dialect spoken in Boushehr Province. Relying on some evidences, the study concludes that the alveo-dental, stop, voiced and discontinuous sound [d] in this dialect loses its [-continuant] feature and changes to the alveo-dental approximant [®4], the change considered as an spirantization process by some others. This finding and some other phonological changes of the sound [d] towards weakening come finally to be interpreted as convincing evidences suggesting the growing process of weakening or lenition in Dashtestani and the neighboring dialects.

The present research accounts for the characteristic pattern of split ergativity in the central dialect of Talishi language as one of the most important modern endangered North-Western Iranian languages. The present research is focused on the central dialect to present a scientific analysis of the split ergative data within the domain of active simple transitive sentences. The analysis demonstrates the split ergative pattern according to Butt's criteria of NP-split and Tense/Aspect in the central dialect of Talishi. Accordingly, ergative constructions occur in sentences including verbs of past tense and perfective aspect while accusative constructions appear in other tenses. Moreover according to NPsplit in ergative sentences first and second person singular together with second person plural pronouns appear in the absolutive case and not in the ergative when they function as subject (A).