مجله تولیدات دامی
سال سیزدهم شماره 2 (پاییز 1390)

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of Natuzyme Plus (a multi enzyme) in diets containing wheat and canola meal on broiler performance. A total of 336 day-old Arbor Acres broiler chicks were used in a completely randomized design with six treatments and four replicates. Experimental diets were: 1. Diet based on corn-soybean meal (control), 2. Diet containing 30 precent wheat and 3. Diet containing 30 percent wheat + 10 percent canola meal, which Natozyme was added (350 g/ton) to these diets to make diets containing enzyme (totally six treatments). Adding enzyme to diet containing wheat and canola meal increased significantly feed intake, weight gain and feed conversion ratio (FCR) at starter and overall rearing period (P< 0.01). Use of Natuzyme Plus in diet containing wheat and canola meal reduced significantly the relative weight of digestive organs in compared of same diets without enzyme. The results of this study indicate that the performance of broiler chickens fed the diets containing wheat and canola meal could be improve by supplementing with Natuzyme plus preparations.

This experiment was conducted to improve the nutritive value of barley stubble for two consecutive years. After harvesting crop, at first year, a completely randomized design, with a 3 × 3 factorial experiment was conducted in which 27 plots were divided into nine treatments. The treatments including zero, 2.5 and five percent urea each with zero, three and six percent molasses were mixed with water and sprayed on the stubble (three plots per treatment). During five periods, all plots were sampled before and after spraying with 10 days intervals for the chemical analyses. The crude protein (CP) was increased but crude fiber (CF) decreased in urea-molasses treatments (P< 0.05). The Ash content was increased (P< 0.05) only in the treatments contained 6 percent molasses. At the second year, after harvesting the barley crop, four hectares of stubble was divided in four parts and sprayed with four treatments of urea-molasses liquor including: 1) 2.5 percent urea, 2) 2.5 percent urea +3 percent molasses, 3) 5 percent urea, 4) 5 percent urea +3 percent molasses. Forty eight Shal ewes were divided among the treatments and grazed for 50 days. All ewes showed body weight gain, during the experiment but the body weight changes were not different between the treatments. As a result of twining, the lambing rate was increased about 25 percent for the animals received five percent urea +3 percent molasses comparing to the other treatments.

400 one day-old broiler chicks were allocated on a randomized complete design experiment with five treatments consisting of four replications for 42 days. Experiment treatments were included: 1. based diet consist 20 percent barley (barley control), 2. barley control + 0.1 percent of mixed essential oil (Antibiofin), 3. barley control + 0.2 percent organic acid, 4. barley control + 15 ppm of antibiotic (virginiamycin) and 5. corn-soybean based diet as corn control. In addition, Basal diet supplemented with commercial enzyme preparation. There was significant difference within treatments for 42 age's body weight and FCR. No significant differences in FI were noted among treatment during experiment. Antibody titer against (SRBC) among groups in secondly immuno response had a significant effect (P< 0.05). The villus height of deudenum and Jejunum was significant differences among the treatment groups. It can be concluded that by using additives such as medicinal plant and organic acids in diets containing barley, can be achieved to similar performance of corn based diets.

In this study, about 1000 kg of wet Rose Flower pulp were obtained from Ghamsar – Kashan in Iran and dried in air for 10 days. The DM, CP, Ash, EE, total extractable phenols, total tannin, Ca and P of Rose flower extraction pulp (RFEP) were 96.0, 12.5, 6.5, 1.8, 2.7, 1.3, 1.1 and 0.1 percent, respectively. Four adult Chaal sheep in a changeover design used for determination of digestibility, dry matter intake and nitrogen balance. The sheep fed by four diets with different ratio of RFEP: alfalfa (0.0:100, 15:85, 30:70 and 45:55). Digestibility of DM and OM were not affected by experimental diets. Inclusion of 30 percent or more RFEP, decreased CP digestibility (P< 0.05). Dry matter intake was not affected by inclusion of different levels of RFEP in diets. The nitrogen balance of diets including zero, 15, 30 and 45 precent RFEP were 3.1, 2.6, 1.4 and 1.1 gram per day, respectively (P< 0.05). The DM and CP effective degradability of RFEP were 68.5 and 67.8, respectively. It seems that Rose flower extraction pulp can be used as a part of roughage in the ruminant’s diet.

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of reduction or removal of dietary vitamin premix during finisher period (29-42 days of ages) on performance and immunocompetence of broiler chicks fed wheat and barley based diet. A total of 288 male broiler chicks (Ross 308) were allocated to four treatment groups, with four replicates per treatment group and 18 birds per replicate pen at 29 day of age. The dietary treatments were: T1) the basal diet with no vitamin premix, T2) the basal diet 33.33 percent vitamin premix, T3) the basal diet 66.66 percent vitamin premix and T4) the basal diet 100 percent vitamin premix. Feed intake and weight gain were measured at 35 and 42 days of ages and feed conversion ratio was calculated. At 35 and 42 days of age, after slaughtered and determine carcass weight and the organs bursa of fabricius and spleen weights and immunocompetence was evaluated at 42 day of age, based on SRBC, IgG and IgM titers. Results showed that different levels of vitamin premix did not impair performance and immunocompetence response during the final period of broilers (29-42d). In conclusion, it is possible to remove vitamin premix from finisher diets.

This experiment was conducted for determining the best level of substitution of fish meal with blood meal in broiler chicks. In a three × five factorial experiment with three sources of blood meal (blood meals of Mashhad, Yasoj and Talesh) and five levels of substitution (zero, 30, 40, 50 and 60 percent). A Total of 600 one-day-old chicks were randomly allocated to 15 treatments with each treatment having four replicates. The results indicated that there were not significant difference between sources of blood meal on the weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion rate and percent of breast, thighs and abdominal fat. All the carcass traits were expressed as percentages of live weights. Levels of substitution had significant effect (P< 0.05) on weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion rate. 30 percent substitution had the most feed intake that its difference was significant (P< 0.05) with other treatments. Least feed intake was for 50 percent substitution that its difference was significant (P< 0.05) with other treatments. Most weight gain was for 30 percent substitution which except with 40 percent substitution represented a significant difference (P< 0.05) with other treatments. Type of blood meal and level of substitution and interaction between them had not any significant effect on percent of breast, two thighs and abdominal fat. These results demonstrated that 50 percent substitution of fish meal protein with blood meal of Mashhad improved feed conversion ratio in broiler chicks. Therefore, 50 percent substitution of Mashhad blood meal is recommended.

To evaluate effects of adding two probiotics (Thepax and Yeasturer) and two prebiotics (Fermacto and A-Max), and one synbiotic (Biomin) to iso-caloric and iso-nitrogenous diet (ME = 2720 kcal/kg and CP =145 g/kg) on performance of laying hens and egg quality traits, 216 Lohmann LSL-Lite 76-wk old laying hens were divided in 36 cages (n = 6). Productive performance of hens was recorded for six weeks and egg quality characteristics were measured on the last week of trial. Feed additives did not have significant effect on EP, FCR, FI and EM in the present study. Including diets with feed additives in the present experiment significantly increased EW. Egg shell weight and shell thickness were increased in the hens fed additive-included diets compared to hens fed the control diet. In conclusion, feed additives used in this investigation did have beneficial effects on egg quality characteristics in terms of egg shell weight and shell thickness, with no beneficial effects on hen's productive performance.