پژوهش نامه مبانی تعلیم و تربیت
سال دوم شماره 2 (پیاپی 4، پاییز و زمستان 1391)

The purpose of this study is to review the viewpoints of the academic members of universities in Tehran, about Philosophy of Education and its status and applications. The research is a kind of descriptive – analytical one and its instrument is a questionnaire with five questions (about the definition of Philosophy of Education, its applications, its relationship with the other fields of educational sciences, its status, both in Iran and the West, and the strategies to improve the current situation in the country). The research community consists of all faculty members of the departments of Philosophy of Education at governmental (public) universities in Tehran (there were 22 people at the time of research) who were studied in the census. Then, after the necessary follow-up, 13 questionnaires were collected. Results showed that subjects of the study, almost, did not give any new definition about Philosophy of Education and they just focused on the existing ones. They emphasis on applications of Philosophy of Education at the macro levels of educational system and consider it as an origin for other fields of Education sciences; which they use Philosophy of Education, in order to provide their theoretical foundations. Also, they consider it as a new science in Iran, which gives more attention to the West and it is still not much localized.

The aim of this research is survey of Bandura theoretical foundation of self efficacy include psychological, social, and philosophical base. In this research use analytic – deduction research method to achieve the aim. Thus as psychological basis, the concepts of reciprocal determinism, consciousness, learning and finally the human agency will be discussed. Under the social basis the effect of scientists of symbolic reciprocal interaction school on Bandura as a social base for his social basis will be discussed. Under the philosophical basis the appropriateness and logical relation of self- efficiency with philosophical schools, merit and theological values will be evaluated. Finally by means of analysis and deduction elicit psychological, social, and philosophical prepreposition of self effected person, clarify element of self efficacy, determine stand of agency and self efficacy, conclude and shown self effected person traits and ways of educate self effected person.

The main purpose in this essay is investigation Avicenna`s ethical philosophy with explain the nature of social and how to build social ethics. The method of this study is content analysis of Avicenna’s ethical works. In this research analyze ethical works of Avicenna and It is suggested that Avicenna’s view on philosophy of ethics be called moderate relativism/realism. The results indicate that in aspect of moral education derivation of rational life as ultimate goal for moral education, and purification of rational-ethical view will be its medial target. Also, Social cooperation is an essential principle in Avicenna`s moral education views and has been recognized as a context for actuality of ethical virtues

The main purpose of this paper is a reflection on common approaches to P4C and offering an alternative to the program based on Wilber theory of integral. Accordingly, it is argued that the alternative contains four quadrants and could be considered as a Holon. For Wilber all aspects of the reality should be counted as a whole. In this view, philosophy for children is a process like Socratic methods and research community as introduced by Lipman; is a historical approach as it could be found in the Gaarder's work, “Sophie's world”; is a philosophical story as elucidated in the Fischer's book entitled: “stories for thinking” and Piquemal work "the story of the philosophical world”; and is a cultural bounded program as enlightened by one of P4C leader in Danmark, Jespersen.

This study investigates the why of Information Technology in the field of education according to the ontological inquiry. The methodology applied involves hermeneutic phenomenology. This study concerns the ontological changes that IT brings about in experiencing the universe and, following that, the field of education including changing the role of body in the process of education, fading the temporal and spatial borders away and expanding the virtual connection, and providing wide access to technological information. This ontological investigation in fact probes the horizons and barriers created by the application of IT in the field of education. As the results of the study indicate, and by admitting that inquiring the nature and reasons (what and why) behind using Informational Technology precedes questioning the manner of application in the field of education. The scope and borders of applying IT are defined in terms of humans’ life goals throughout the history, such as nurturing and worship. Finally, some of the entailments are mentioned such as the facilitative role of Information Technology in the process of education instead of a productive role, limiting the effects and application of Information to educational instrument and using IT along with other types of information in terms of human’s ultimate life goals.

Historical Development of variety of methods in educational inquiry shows that with regard to complexity of educational issues that derived itself from human being complexity, we cant answer different questions of scholars by just one unit method. Phenomenology as philosophical movement by introducing of subjects such as conciseness, intentionality, reduction, constitution, intersubjectivity, Life-world and embodiment is not only movement in philosophy, but also effect on development of phenomenological inquiry in education. Current article consider and discus phenomenological methodology at two levels; first, phenomenological components of educational inquiry and second, problem of justification in phenomenological inquiry in education. At first level we discuss about the aim of phenomenological research in education, effect on performance of inquiry, the role of inquirer, observation and description of educational phenomena with regard to balanced reduction, language and phenomenological writing; and at second level we discus about triangulation at phenomenological perspective