نشریه پرستاری و مامایی ارومیه
سال یازدهم شماره 3 (پیاپی 44، خرداد 1392)

The Painis the most common problem in patients undergoing chemotherapy. Nurses have the key role to determine and control signs and symptoms such as pain in patients with cancer. Objective of this study is the effect of lavender aromatherapy program on the pain intensity of patients with AML undergoing chemotherapy. This research is the Quasi experimental study which done in Isfahan Saeyedashohada hospital on 2012with intervention and control groups. Tool included 10 numerical pain intensity. Sample was patients with AML undergoing chemotherapy that had minimal pain score 3. Stages of nursing presses is done in both groups similarity، except in intervention stage that is done routine cares in control group and aromatherapy by 2% lavender essence، for 3 continuous nights in Interventiongroup. Data analyzed by software spss version16. Results showed that before intervention there was no statistic difference in demographic information between intervention and control groups (P>0. 05). After intervention in comparison pain intensity between two groups there was significant difference (P<0. 05). The results showed that lavender aromatherapy program causes pain intensity in patients with AML undergoing chemotherapy decreased. Therefore it is suggested that aromatherapy program must be used as a no pharmacological treatment for pain relive.

Paying attention to the patient safety is part of ethical and legal responsibilities of each hospital. Nowadays، radiology departments play a valuable role in diagnosis of diseases by preparing images from different organs. Patient safety should be considered in radiology departments because of using complicated equipments، technologies and applying X-ray to determine disorders and malfunctions. Since knowledge and practice of students as future staff can play a significant role in determining & improving patient safety in radiology departments، evaluating the amount of safety and ethical errors committed in radiology departments should be taken into consideration. The present study intended to determine patient safety based on radiology technology students'' point of view. The present research is a descriptive and cross sectional study which was done on all of B. S radiology technology students (N= 79) of Urmia University of medical sciences in spring of 2011. The instrument used for data collection was a self-constructed questionnaire consisting of two sections. The first section was about demographic characteristics، and the second section consisted of 25 questions about factors which threaten patient safety by applying universal articles & instructions published on the most common safety error in radiology departments. Students'' attitude was evaluated using Likert scale (in a self-administered questionnaire). Validity and reliability of applied questionnaire was confirmed (Chronbach''s alpha=0. 75). The obtained data was analyzed using descriptive& inferential statistics and also Spss 19 software. The results of this study showed that: 36. 7% of the students did not give any information to the patient for his cooperation during a radiography، 25. 3% of them failed to use radiation protection equipment and not collimating radiation field، 22. 8% did not get enough information from patient and 17. 7% of them did not update personnel''s knowledge in radiology department. These were the most prevalent errors respectively. Generally speaking، according to the results obtained from the study، the amount of patient safety from students'' point of view in more than half of the cases was about average. %41. 8 of students assessed the amount of patient safety as being good and %58. 2 of students assessed it as being moderate. According to the results obtained from the present study، the following strategies are suggested to improve patient safety and quality of services: The essences of using educational courses to up to date the knowledge of radiology staffTeaching the staff how to communicate with patientsTraining the staff on X-ray protection and patient safety rulesEstablishing supervisory committee on patient safety

quality of nursing care as a concept is subjective، multidimensional، ambiguous، neutral، related disease and depended on health care system and in the whole world is focused on improving and promoting this concept in chronic diseases. The purpose of this study was to clarify the concept of quality care in the context of chronic heart diseases and also to obtain a clearer understanding of its meaning attributes antecedents، sequences and empirical referents in nursing. In this study، we analyzed the concept of quality nursing care as used in literature and as described by participants. The three phases of a hybrid concept analysis are theoretical، fieldwork، and analysis. In the theoretical phase، full text of 110 articles in the pubMed، CINAHL، Elsevire and BlackweL databases were evaluated for the years 1990 to September 2011. Because of the stakeholder-specific nature of quality، perceptions of six participants including patient، nurse and cardiologist of the concept، were elicited in the fieldwork phase via semi structured interviews. Interviews were tape recorded and transcribed verbatim then qualitative content analysis was used to analyze both theoretical and fieldwork phase data. In the final step of combining the two previous stages، the overall analysis was performed. Based on review of literature، the following operational definition was proposed: the continuous process to provide safe and patient - centered care that based on t he therapeutic relationship and evidence-based nursing and rely on nursing theory، ethics and expertise، that along، family participation and cardiac rehabilitation team، and the ongoing management، leads to health promotion، cost effectiveness، comfortable transition and peaceful death. The antecedents of quality nursing care represented as factors; a: organizational، b: nursing unit، c: patient environment، d: Service attributes pointed. The consequences of this concept may be described as، a: Health، b: functional ability، c – satisfaction nurse/patient، d: Cost effectiveness، e: desirable processes. The results of this study suggest that consistent and evidence-based management of disease، improvement patient knowledge of their condition and providing psychosocial care، has important role in improving the quality of nursing care in chronic heart disease. The results can also be used effectively in developing quality of nursing care assessment scales and theory.

Problem solving skills in students education programs haven''t been taught formally and organized. On the other hand، it is also necessary to assess and improve students’ success. Accordingly، this study was conducted to determine the effects of problem solving skills education in fourth-year nursing students’ views of success in Nursing and Midwifery school. This quasi-experimental study included 50 fourth-year nursing students. First semester of fourth-year nursing students were selected in the intervention group، and second semester of fourth-year nursing students in the control group. In both groups، the students completed successful-upgrade questionnaire before education. Students in the intervention group attended in the three small groups in problem solving education classes for six sessions. One month after the education course، students in both groups completed successful-upgrade questionnaire again. Data analysis was done by SPSS software، t-independent test، chi-square and Man Whitney. The results of this study showed that mean score of students success before and after problem solving education in the intervention group، have significant difference، whereas، in the control group، the difference was not significant. Man Whitney test showed a significant difference between the mean difference before and after the intervention in the both groups. Problem solving education program improve students views of success. Thus، it is suggested to use problem solving education program in higher education programs، and specifically examine the effect of long-term education on problem solving programs in students’ view of success.

Coughing & deep breathing after sternotomy is along with high levels of anxiety، that it can be followed by adverse consequences in patients after open heart surgery. So this study was conducted to assess the impact of cold therapy on the anxiety in patients undergoing open heart surgery.

In this clinical trial study، 50 eligible and consenting patients were recruited and randomly allocated to intervention and control group. The data were gathered through State–Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). Data were analyzed using the t test.

The results of this study showed that the use of cold gel pack leads to the reduction of the mean of anxiety score in the intervention group (P=0. 02).

This study demonstrates that cold therapy can be effective on anxiety of sternal incision in deep breathing and coughing.

Sexual relations during menopause as well as reproductive period have particular importance. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of herbal supplement of Ginkgo biloba on the attitudes of menopausal women toward sexual relations. In this clinical trial 80 healthy female volunteers aged 60 – 50 years were enrolled. They were attending 3 health-care centers of Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS). The participants received GBE at a dose of 120–240 mg (n = 40) or placebo (n = 40) daily for 30 days. The instrument of the study was Sabbatsberg Sexual Rating Scale (SSRS) which part of it can subjectively evaluate the importance of sex before and after intervention. The results were analyzed by using Fisher exact test، Independent samples- t test، and Mann-Whitney Test. Most of the subjects were in the 50 – 52 years group (45. 2 %). Menopause age was ≥ 50 (41. 9%). After intervention، the importance of sex during the previous month had significant difference between the two groups of Ginkgo biloba and placebo (p = 0. 01). There was also a significant difference in the importance of sex compared to the results obtained in the previous years (p = 0. 01). Ginkgo biloba have the effect on different aspects of sexual functions of postmenopausal women، and it can improve their sexual relations. Therefore menopause women can experience sexual pleasure just like the past، and they can understand the importance of maintaining sexual relations in menopause period.

There are many barriers to the movement of patients requiring mechanical ventilation and these patients are at risk for complications of immobility، especially pulmonary complications; so along with the use of mechanical ventilation in patients، we should take steps to create movements in them. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of chair position on respiratory parameters of patients undergoing mechanical ventilation. In this randomized clinical trial groups، 60 mechanically ventilated patients admitted to ICU in Besat Hospital of Hamadan with convenience sampling were studied. 30 patients were in chair position for half an hour (put the head of the bed at an angle of 70 degrees and foot of the bed at an angle of -75 degrees)، and the other 30 patients (c ontrol group) were in i nitial position for half an hour (put the head of the bed at an angle of 30 degrees and knees straight). Respiratory parameters (respiratory rate، tidal volume، minute ventilation and arterial oxygen saturation) before and immediately after half-time were measured and recorded in two groups. The d ata were analyzed with SPSS16 to carry out paired t-test and t-test with significant level of P <0. 05. Research findings showed no significant difference in the respiratory control group index values. Respiratory rate before and after the chair position in the intervention group and between the two groups was not significantly different، But in the intervention group، increase in tidal volume، minute ventilation and arterial oxygen saturation was observed in the chair position that were statistically significant. Based on the results، it seems that placing the patient in the chair position can be effective in improving their respiratory parameters.

Premenstrual syndrome is a group of cyclic symptoms that occur during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. The study was a randomized، double blinded، placebo- controlled trial، with two treatment group. The students of this study are divided randomly into two groups of Perforan group (480 mg) and placebo control group. All the students in this study took drugs during three subsequent cycles so that each person took two capsules daily in the first cycle for one month. In the second and third cycles، they took the drugs from eight days before menstruation to two days after it، and they recorded the severity of the symptoms of her menstruation in the questionnaire of the symptoms. The results showed a reduction of symptoms in treatment drug group comparing to the placebo. So that the mean severity was reported 23. 64 in the Perforan group، and 46. 37with (p=0. 001) in the placebo group. Mean severity of mood symptoms premenstrual syndrome has showed that Perforan can reduce the mood symptoms of premenstrual syndrome more than the placebo group.