مجله زنان مامائی و نازائی ایران
سال شانزدهم شماره 47 (هفته اول و دوم اردیبهشت 1392)

Measurement of serum total antioxidant capacity might be useful in patients with preeclampsia before antioxidant supplementation. The findings of antioxidant capacity in preeclampsia are conflicting. the aim of this study was to assess serum total antioxidant capacity in patients with preeclampsia compared with normal pregnant women. This cross sectional study was conducted on 30 pregnant women with preeclampsia and 30 normal pregnant women in Asalian Hospital، Khoramabad، Iran، 2010. Cases were selected by consecutive sampling method. Serum total antioxidant capacity was measured by commercially available colorimetric method. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 11. 5 and Mann-Whitney test. P value less than 0. 05 was considered significant. Mean of serum total antioxidant capacity was 1. 12±0. 04mmol/L in preeclamptic group and 1. 08 ± 0. 03mmol/L in normal pregnant women and the difference was not significant (p=0. 39). No significant difference was observed in serum total antioxidant capacity between preeclampsia and normal pregnancy. Therefore، knowing total antioxidant capacity in preeclampsia may be useful before treatment with antioxidant supplementation and can be recommended in patients with low antioxidant capacity.

About 50% of causes of infertility are partly or completely attributable to male factors. Some factors affecting men''s infertility are related to genetic and environmental factors. The aim of this study was to examine demographic characteristics of infertile men.

This was a descriptive study was conducted on200 infertile men who were referred to Shariati Hospital Infertility Clinic، Tehran، Iran، November 2010 to May 2011. Data were collected by face-to-face interviews based on a questionnaire. Spermiogram test was performed for all patients by a laboratory manual method. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 16 and t-test، chi-square and linear regression tests. P value less than 0. 05 was considered significant.

Mean age of patients was 34. 1±5. 7 years. Mean number of years after marriage was 3. 6±1. 3 years. Most patients (68%) were self-employed and the majority of them were dealt with chemicals in their jobs. The risk of diabetes، mumps and varicocele were higher in workers than patients who had official jobs. Sperm analysis showed that the most common problem in infertile men was decreased sperm motility. So that،sperm motility was lower than 40% in 162 participants (81%). 84 cases (42%) had a decrease in sperm count and 39 patients of them (46%) were azoospermic.

No relationship exists between body mass index، occupational status، smoking، history of any disease and sperm parameters in infertile men.

One of the most common complications of intrauterine device (IUD) users is bleeding. These symptoms are varied in different type of IUD. The aim of this study was to compare bleeding in two types of intrauterine device (Multiload 375 and Copper T 380A).

A randomized double- blinded controlled clinical trial was carried out on 48 women who were referred to a public health center of Tabriz، Iran، from 2011 September to 2012 October. Participants allocated randomly into two equal groups with random block-size of 4 and 6. Group 1 received Multiload 375 IUD and group 2 received the Copper T 380A IUD. Amount of bleeding was measured with Higham chart during menstruation، one cycle before IUD insertion and four cycles after. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 13، chi square، independent t-test، analysis of covariance and ANOVA with repeated measures tests. P value less than 0. 05 was considered significant.

No significant differences were found between two groups in terms of demographic and pregnancy characteristics (Except for drug consumption during the study and the interval of last delivery with IUD insertion) (p>0. 05). The mean of bleeding was statistically significant in the first 4 months after IUD insertion in two groups (p<0. 001) as the bleeding in Multiload 375 group was decreased and in Copper T 380A group was increased.

The Multiload IUD resulted in considerable reduction in amount of bleeding. Therefore، counseling about each type of intrauterine device (Multi load and Copper T) in family planning service providers seems to be necessary.

Nowadays، the rate of cesarean section is more than recommended rate by world health organization. One of the reasons is women’s preference for cesarean section. The aim of this study is investigating the selection of delivery method by nulliparous pregnant women using health belief model. This cross sectional study was conducted on 104 nulliparous women who were referred for prenatal cares to health care center of Semirom، Iran، 2012. Census method was used for sampling. Data were collected by a questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS software version 16، chi-square and ANOVA tests. P value less than 0. 05 was considered significant. Among 104 studied women، 74 cases (71. 1%) had normal vaginal delivery and 30 cases (28. 8%) had cesarean delivery. The mean of age was significantly more in cesarean group than vaginal delivery group (p<0. 05). There were no significant differences between two groups in term of economic and social condition، job، age of marriage، education level، knowledge (p>0. 05). In health belief model constructs، perceived self efficacy (p=0. 002) and perceived barriers (p=0. 001) had significant differences in two groups. But no significant difference was observed in perceived susceptibility، perceived severity and perceived benefits in two groups (p>0. 05). In order to modifying pregnant perceptions about delivery mode and reducing cesarean rate، appropriate educational programs should be developed for pregnant women، especially with health belief model.