Iranian Journal of War and Public Health
Volume:5 Issue: 19, 2013

Studies show that veterans exposed to high-risk behavior and drug use are not offset the effects on different aspects of their health and their families، harm reduction programs carried out in health clinics Behavioural (triangle) can maintain and improve health indicators and quality of life of these people. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of harm reduction programs in behavioral health clinics (triangle) on the health and quality of life of veterans. This study was descriptive analytical with two groups of case and control that was conducted in 2012. For collecting data from demographic questionnaires and standardized tests of «SF-36» was used. To analyze data obtained by the methods of descriptive and analytical statistics were performed. The results showed that the P values of two groups of were physical function scales = 0. 001، physical role = 0. 128، bodily pain = 0. 028، general health =0. 046، vitality = 0. 042، emotional role = 0. 147، social function = 0. 001 and mental health = 0. 037. Harm reduction programs implemented in behavioral health clinics (triangle) due to improve health dimensions and quality of life that mechanisms can be made larger، thereby reducing the incidence of high risk diseases in veterans and their families.

Aim of the present research is study of psychic and social consequences of chemical bombarding on the victims of Sardasht City by qualitative method. 15 men and 15 women of Sardasht City victims were selected as available sampling; and they were interviewed in semi-structured manner. Method of qualitative research is interpretive. Results of the interviews were divided into several categories. Results show that psychic and social consequences of chemical bombarding on the victims include complaints such as social complaints، psychic complaints، exhaustion problems، economical complaints، characteristic complaints، anger، no safety sensation، emotional interdependent، decrease of social interaction exist in victims. Results of the research demonstrate social and psychological problems have higher role in psychic- social consequences of chemical bombarding in ratio with other psychic- social consequences. Finally، we involved in limitations and providing several recommendations

Purpose and meaning of life is most important issues of religious، administrative، philosophical and psychological. Having meaning and purpose in life indicate mental health and cause to increase ability to do things. This research aimed to study relationship between the purpose in life and general health in Veterans and ordinary people. Method & Materials: This descriptive correlation study was conducted from March until June 2012. Two groups of population including veterans (154 people) and ordinary people (145 people) that all the veterans were randomly selected in the city area and Gilangharb and Seryal Zahab in Kermanshah province. Research tools were two questionnaires of Krambaf purpose in life (PIL) and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) Goldberg. date were analyzed using SPSS software، descriptive statistics and spearman correlation and variance analyze test. In this study، the mean score of purpose in life of veterans (81 ± 11. 85) was higher than the ordinary people (8. 45 ± 76)، But the mean score of general health in ordinary people (47. 47 ± 9. 87) was higher than the veterans (40. 12 ± 7. 57). The relationship between the score of purpose in life and general health was statistically significant that this relationship was higher in ordinary people (r = 0. 61، p <0. 001). In this study، life expectancy and general health status in veterans is higher than ordinary people. General health status in both groups is higher than the cut-off point so we require the serious attention of policy makers to improve public health.

Anthropometry is the science of measuring various dimensions of body. and use of information obtained in determining the shape and size of workplace and tools used in various fields of industry، education and daily life. The purpose of this study is determination of the anthropometric characteristics of paraplegia wheelchair users. And also determines the musculoskeletal disorders in the upper extremity in the sample This study was a cross sectional study. Evaluated populations in this study were 90 persons of paraplegia male wheelchair users in Tehran، between 25-55 years old. The Simple non-likely sampling method was done. For statistical analysis SPSS16 software was used. The results of this study showed that wheelchair user stature is 131. 46 ± 7. 12cm and sitting height is 78. 4 ± 6. 75cm. The study also indicated that most musculoskeletal disorders with 28. 4% related to the right shoulder and lowest musculoskeletal disorders with 17. 4% related to neck. Spearman test indicate the significant relationship between age and neck pain (P=. 01) also between neck pain and duration use of wheelchair for a day was significant relationship (p=. 03). This study showed Iranian manual wheelchair users shorter in height than the Dutch population but has wider body than the Dutch population. body dimension prepared valuable information about designing the work space، work surface and peripheral equipment designing، such as wheelchair for engineers and designers. The outcome of this، Products is that designed based on ergonomics and have more convenience and usability.

The aim of this study was to know the effectiveness of stress inoculation on decrease of post traumatic stress disorder in Iran- Iraq (Persian Gulf) war. the research theory was part-experience، for this sake 30 veterans stricken to war related PTSD veterans in mahabad randomly chosen and situated in two experiment group (15 person) and control group (15 person). data collecting was done by PCL questionnaire، which is done before and after the exam. after the pre-exam، the experiment group received 8 stress inoculation training session. data collecting analyzed by analysis of covariance. the research consequences revealed that interfering with stress inoculation training in compare with control group cause decreasing of PTSD general signs and decreasing of avoidance and arousal signs. But this theory did not take effect re-experiencing signs after the interfere in veterans. therefore with respect to the effect of stress inoculation training on decreasing the PTSD signs، suggested that for decreasing the post traumatic stress in veterans use the upon theory at medical centers.

Prosthetic foot is an essential element of lower limb prosthesis، which plays an important role in the amputee gait. There is a growing trend towards development of energy storing prosthetic feet considering the amputee needs during walking. Several researches have focused on kinetics and kinematics of energy storing feet، however little is known about the mechanical properties of these commercial feet. Assess the mechanical properties of Flex-foot using its force-deformation curve and a linear elastic model. This was a case study in which gait of a healthy subject was analysed and maximum force of 800 N was defined as applied load on the prosthetic foot. Load-deformation test was performed on heel and forefoot regions of Flex-foot using a testing machine. A linear elastic behaviour was assumed، and thus the slope of the force-deformation curve was defined as the stiffness. The linear elastic model was found relatively appropriate (R2 > 0. 9). The stiffness in heel and forefoot was found to be 88. 85 and 74. 54 N/mm، respectively. The results of this study show that a linear elastic model could predict mechanical behaviour of this foot adequately. The higher stiffness in heel compared to forefoot is an indicator of greater storing capacity in this region.

While warfare victims affected directly by war disasters، their wives and significant others are indirectly suffering from these disasters. Psychological distress that experienced by wives of veterans wit posttraumatic stress disorder definite as secondary trauma.

Given lack of an instrument for evaluating the symptoms of secondary trauma stress in Iran، this study aimed to investigate of validity and reliability of Secondary Trauma Stress Scale in wives of warfare victims.

warfare victims’ wives living in Yazd، Esfahan، Najafabad، and Yasujwith at least on children studying at Shahed or Isargar Schools of these cities were the target population in this study. Of this population، 365 subjects were selected by cluster sampling method. The results show that this scale has a good congruent and discriminant validity.

the findings of confirmation factor analysis to evaluating of factorial validity revealed that Secondary trauma stress scale have thee subscales including intrusion، avoidance and arousal in war veterans’ families and that the factor structure of this scale is similar to the one applied to non-Iranian subjects. Cronbach''s Alpha was found as 0. 92 showing that the scale have good reliability. The group of wives with high mental health scored less than those with low mental health andthis approved the discriminant validity of the scale. Also، a significantly high correlation was observed amongSecondary Trauma Stress Scale، Mississippi PTSD Scale، and Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS) and this highlights the good convergent validity of the test.

Secondary Trauma Stress Scale could be used as a specialized instrument for evaluation of PTSD symptoms in wives and caregivers living with people with PTSD given the approved validity and reliability of thisScale inwar veterans’ wives.

Lower limb amputations are caused by trauma، vascular disease، diabetes and congenital disorders. Amputees lose their ability to stand and walk based on the level of amputation. Contribution of the level of amputation، type of amputation، or cause of amputation to balance impairment has not been clearly defined. Furthermore، it is controversial whether prosthetic components influence standing stability or not. Therefore، the aim of this review article was to find the relationship between the above-mentioned factors and balance impairment in the available literature. An electronic search was done via the PubMed، Embase and ISI web of knowledge data bases from 1960 to 2012. Quality of papers was assessed using the Down and Black tool. Based on the used keywords، 100 papers were found of which 20 papers were selected in accordance with the selection criteria. The scores of reporting، external validity، internal validity (bias)، internal validity (confounding) varied between 4-9، 1-3، 3-5، 2-6، respectively. The literature review confirmed that standing stability of amputees depends on level of amputation، type of amputation and cause of amputation. Moreover، prosthetic characteristics such as prosthetic ankle stiffness have influences on dynamic stability while torsional adaptor does not have any positive influence on stability during level walking and on turning stability. It is recommended to measure the influence of other prosthetic components on standing stability.