فصلنامه پرستاری قلب و عروق
پیاپی 3 (پاییز 1391)

The aim of this study was to determine prevalence and causes of fever in hospitalizedpatients at intensive care unit (ICU) and its associations with the demographic characteristics. Fever is a common problem. About 70% of hospitalized patients in the ICU have fever، which can lead to increased mortality rate in them. This descriptive analytical study was conducted on 110 patients in the Intensive Care Units of Sanandaj educational hospitals who had no fever on arrival in the ICU and had a higher temperature than the 38. 3°C، after 24 hours. Data were collected from March to July 2008 by a standard questionnaire which completed and coded by the researcher. The data were analyzed by using SPSS software. The findings showed that the infectious causes of fever were respectively infections caused by catheter (38. 02%)، ventilator associated pneumonia (34. 5%) and complications caused by wounds infections (14. 5%); also the majority of non-infectious causes of fever were due to aspiration pneumonia (29. 1%). The Chi-square test showed statistically significant correlations of age (P<0. 01)، duration of hospitalization (P<0. 05) and the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) of patients (P <0. 01) with fever. Fever incidence in the ICU patients is a relatively common complication. In this study، the frequency of this complication is similar or even lower than studies done in other areas and indicates that، despite of lower health care facilities in the study area، theprinciplesof infection control and patient care has been considered.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of cardiac rehabilitation on hemodynamic parameters in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG). Nowadays، CABG is common to treat complications of cardiovascular disease in many patients. This clinical trial study was conducted on 50 patients after CABG. The patients were selected based on objective and with regard to the inclusion criteria. Rehabilitation program was conducted for 24 sessions. Data were collected by demographic questionnaire and hemodynamic parameters checklist at the beginning of rehabilitation، 12th session and 24th session of cardiac rehabilitation. The data were analyzed by using Chi-square، RMANOVA tests and SPSS software. The groups in terms of demographic variables were not significantly different with each other. The findings showed statistically significant differences in variables such as systolic blood pressure، pulse rate and arterial hemoglobin saturation. There were significant differences in these variables between the first and the last sessions (session 24)، also between the first session and during the rehabilitation (session 12). There was a significant difference between the 12th and the end of rehabilitation (session 24) in the diastolic blood pressure (p=0. 045)، but no significant differences in other hemodynamic parameters were seen. The results indicate a relative improvement in some hemodynamic parameters with cardiac rehabilitation intervention; therefore، it is necessary to pay more attention to the cardiacrehabilitation.

The aim of this study was to determine the family members’ performance in confront with patient''s heart attack and its relationship with their knowledge in this filed. Heart attack is one of the most common، serious and fatal diseases. It is growing rapidly worldwide and is the most leading cause of mortality. The performance of people who deal with the heart attack patients in the early minutes، is important in prognosis of disease and his/her life and death. This correlational descriptive study was conducted on 300 family members of patients with heart attacks who hospitalized in teaching hospitals of Iran University of Medical Sciences. Data were collected by a questionnaire and continuous sampling. Validity of questionnaire was confirmed by content validity and its reliability were confirmed by test retest and by internal consistency (0. 92). The findings showed that there was good level of knowledge، but poor performance of the subjects in confront with patient''s heart attack. There was statisticaly significant correlations between performance and the knowledge (p=0. 004)، but no significant correlations between performance and the knowledge with level of education، age and gender. Despite of good level of knowledge in target community، none of them have good performance in the confront with heart attack patients; therefore it is recommended to educate the public on how to deal with heart attack patients and to perform more studies in this field in order to offer appropriate strategies to promote the knowledge and performance of family members and individuals in society.

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of first phase cardiac rehabilitation programs on anxiety and depression in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients.

Anxiety and depression are psychological factors influencing the prognosis، recovery، and adherence to treatment in patients with ACS. Cardiac rehabilitation programs are an important part of the care plan is arranged for the majority of heart patients.

This clinical trial study was conducted on 88 ACS patients with regard to the inclusion criteria. The subjects were randomly divided to experimental (n=44) and control (n=44) groups. The experimental group participated in four educational sessions of cardiac rehabilitation program، which included familiarity with risk factors of heart disease، nutrition and drugs recommendations، stress and depression reduction methods and exercises training. Information booklet was given at the end of the sessions. Data were collected by demographic and diseaserelated questionnaires and Persian version of Hospital Anxiety Depression Score (HADS). The data were analyzed by SPSS software version 16. 0 and descriptive and analytic statistical tests (Independent t-test and Chi-square and Fisher''s exact test).

The findings showed that there was no statistically significant relationship of demographic and disease-related information with anxiety and depression scores before study. There was significant statistical difference between two groups in the mean of anxiety and depression score after intervention (P_0. 0001).

According to the finding، the first phase cardiac rehabilitation programs is effective in reducing anxiety and depression in ACS patients; Therefore، it can be an effective way to plan nursing care of patients with ACS.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the knowledge of women about cardiovascular diseases risk factors. Prevalence of cardiovascular diseases risk factors is increasing rapidly worldwide with development of modernity and urbanization. This cross-sectional study was performed on women with age range of 14-66 years old. The sample size was 735 women. Convenience sampling was used to recruit the participants. Data were collected by a researcher-made questionnaire whose validity and reliability were confirmedby content analysis and test-retest methods. The data were analyzed by using SPSS software with appropriate statistical tests. The mean age of participants was 23. 4± 5 years. The average body mass index of them was 21. 7±3 kg/m. 50. 1% of them had little information about cardiovascular diseases. The most common of data gathering sources were radio and TV (65. 3%). The most common of cardiovascular diseases risk factors included smoking (93. 2%)، psychological stress (92. 8%)، obesity (91. 2%)، high blood triglyceride (89. 4%)، and fatty rich food consumption (88. 7%). 75. 2% of participants achieved at least 50% of the mean knowledge score. There were significant statistical correlation between knowledge score and increasing of age and educational level and applying visual media such as TV (p=0. 012، p=0. 039، p 0. 003 respectively). There was no significant correlation between knowledge score and both marital and economic status. It’s suggested to design educational programs according to age، gender، educational level and culture of different groups of society in order to promote knowledge and controlcardiovascular diseases risk factors.