فصلنامه جامعه پژوهی فرهنگی
سال چهارم شماره 2 (تابستان 1392)

The aim of this research was to investigate the relationship between components of emotional intelligence and addiction to internet among the high school students of Tehran. The statistical sample included all of the high school students of Tehran in 2012-2013. The sample consisted of 972 persons who were selected as follows: at first، among the 22 districts of Tehran (districts of the municipality)، and from each district 4 high schools، 2 private (one girl school and one boy school) and 2 public schools (one girl school and one boy school) were randomly chosen. In each selected school، from each stage، one class (totally 4 classes from every high school) was selected. Then، the students were asked to complete the Young Internet Addiction Questionnaire، Demographic data questionnaire and BAR-ON questionnaire (completing the questionnaires was done through the website of the researcher which is www. beheshtiyan. ir). The number of students who completed the questionnaire was 8342 who among them 4967 students also completed the emotional questionnaire. Among all of the students، 573 persons were diagnosed as internet addicted who among them 486 students were completed the emotional intelligence questionnaire too. Accordingly، among the non-addicted students، 486 persons who completed the emotional intelligence questionnaire were randomly selected. Then، the data were analyzed by ‘independent t test’. The results indicated that there is a positive significant relationship between emotional intelligence and addiction to internet. Based on the results of this study، it could be said that by increasing the emotional intelligence in students، we can prevent them from internet addiction.

The formation and evolution procedure of cultural and academic institutes in the Christian West is a complicated and difficult issue to study, and is hardly survivable. In this paper, based on valid references, the opinions of some remarkable historians of science and middle-ages scholars, regarding the advent and establishment of academic institutes and centers, are examined, and consequently a relatively exact date of the formations of the centers is obtained. Then the relation between professors and students, the course titles and educational details of the centers will be pointed out in brief. In this regard, on one hand, the thought and religious challenges in academic environments are investigated, and on the other hand, the behaviors of Church masters and their positioning are studied. Finally, I indicate to a combination of rationalization and science which is the results of these disputes, and was the source of development in European civilization and then a scientific revolution at the end of middle-ages

Howzeh-ye Elmieh is one of the most important religious institutions in Iran in which people enter to be Talabe. To be Talabe is one of the important options and paths which some people, aware of its vast consequences, select in their life. Which social factors underlay such a decision, and which motivations persuade them to enter to the new world of being a Talabe? This study, by a qualitative approach and method of grounded theory, seek to answer these questions. For this purpose, 54 of Tollab in Howzeh Elmieh of Qom were deep interviewed. Findings show that two kinds of internal and external elements are effective on persons who decide to be Talabe. Internal elements refer to the image which they have of Roohaniat as a social reference group, and spiritual social contexts and networks in which they live. External elements include living in the atmosphere of those networks, and also effective religious people. It can be said that four kinds of motivations, included of scientific, spiritual, social and instrumental ones, motive a person to decide finally to be a Talabe. These results are presented in a causal/process-based model.

The Islamic Republic of Iran got into a long war after the invasion of Iraq in 1981. In addition to the external blessings, this war has left benefits within the Iranian Islamic system. Explaining the cultural achievements of this war is a necessity which can be interpreted as defining the future strategy of the Iranian Islamic revolution. One of the most effective ways to introduce the achievements of the imposed war to young generation and promote persistence culture, is their presence in the operational areas of eight-year war and watching the remains of that time, and so understanding the spiritual atmosphere of these areas. According to the available statistics, the enthusiasm of young people to such tours, which called ‘Rahiyan e Noor’ (Light goers), in our country, and ‘Battlefield Tourism’ in tourism scientific literature, has increased in recent years more than ever. This study is heading to examine the motivations of tourists visiting battlefields and their classification, to promote persistence culture. Data have been gathered from library resources, interviews with experts, and filled questionnaires by visitors. The study population consisted of all Iranians who had visited the country's battlefields and 152 of them were inquired by snowball sampling. The results indicate that the main groups of the visitors are Pilgrimage-memorial and cultural-heritage tourists. Most of them are motivated by national and religious aims and are interested in learning about the courage of the warriors. The results can be used in war tourism management and planning to promote its cultural and social benefits.

In the middle of the 19th century, during the modernization of Western world, the tendency to utilize Western life styles in some parts of Iranian society gained force. But since the Western values were not accepted in the society as a whole and were incongruent with the total social system of Iran, utilization of this pattern remained ineffective. Furthermore, because of the kind of the development policies which were utilized, most of the plans were not implemented in the society and so were unsuccessful. Also the social position of those who sponsored the program indicates that they were too far from the social reality to bring about proper and deep social changes

At first, in the beginning of the modern era, ‘Military Service’ was formed within the kingdom armies and independent European governments of the Church, and it could be an intermediate between government and nation, and also a means to extend rulers and king militarism. The social labor division, technical progress and industrialization, in turn, led to form modern armies as the first bureaucratic institution. But this phenomenon which had been appeared after some intellectual and social transformations in the West was formed in ‘Pahlavi I’ government as a part of the modernization project and the establishment of the regime totalitarianism. The development of national identity elements and making the Iranian traditional forces obedient to the absolute sovereignty through public education, was possible just by means of army and military service. “Military Service” and the public disarmament make it possible to the Pahlavi regime to establish itself through expanding its military authority. Constructing an integrated military and compulsory military service should be regarded as the first multidimensional organized efforts to create modern system civilians based on the nation-state theory