Safe Future and Agricultural Research Journal
Volume:2 Issue: 1, Summer 2023

Loofah is a creeping plant that grows in nature on abandoned building structures and fence walls in some cities and villages. The sponge in the fruit holds the seeds. This sponge is used in rural areas of some countries to wash and clean household dishes and their seeds are thrown away. Natural cellulose fibers obtained from the world of plants have many uses. They can remove dead skin cells and make the skin glow. These copper cellulose fibers can clean and tighten the skin. Loofah can be cut into large or smaller pieces or different shapes and used as pads, cushions, and other practical items in handicrafts. Luffa fiber is a green alternative as a medium for root growth in hydroponic plants. The bud, flower, and ripe fruit of this plant can be used for food consumption. This fiber can be used as a filter in the engines of cars, and in water treatment plants. The fiber of this plant is used to absorb heavy metals from wastewater, including metals from olive oil factories. Loofah flour is also used as fertilizer.

Medicinal plants are highly popular due to their many useful uses in the health of animals, poultry, and humans. Today, the addition of feed additives and feed supplements including prebiotics, plant extracts, and probiotics in the diet of farm animals is increasing because of their useful applications, including increasing yield and production, as well as maintaining the health of livestock and poultry. The purpose of using growth-promoting antibiotic substitutes in livestock and poultry feed is to change the microbial flora in the host's digestive system to improve animal health and growth. These compounds, while increasing the digestibility of nutrients, reduce the growth of pathogens through competitive elimination mechanisms and stimulation of immune-related organs. Plant extracts with high amounts of phenolic and flavonoid compounds have stronger antioxidant activity. Based on this, the approach of the World Health Organization to the discussion of ethnopharmacology, the identification, and investigation of the medicinal effects of those plants, has been increased in the field of traditional medicine to produce low-risk drugs and natural antioxidants.

Food production and nutrition of human society are highly dependent on natural ecosystems and production systems in agriculture. More than three thousand plant species are responsible for providing food for the world's population, of which only 300 species are cultivated for food supply, and 12 species provide about 90% of the world's food consumption. The most important role of the bee is pollinating flowering plants, which unfortunately is not paid attention to because of little information and lack of culture. In addition to honey bees, other bees also play an essential role in plant pollination, which directly preserves the diversity of flowering plants and indirectly preserves the survival of a large part of animals. These insects play an essential role in preventing soil erosion and providing oxygen. In addition to honey bees, other bees also play an essential role in plant pollination, which directly preserves the diversity of flowering plants and indirectly preserves the survival of a large part of animals. Applying correct management to prevent losses and extinction of insects, guarantees food for living beings and preserves the ecosystem.

Grammosciadium Platycarpum Boiss is a rich source of phenolic and flavonoid compounds that have antioxidant activity. Antioxidants in the diet are important in terms of protecting the body against oxidative stress and maintaining health. This study aimed to investigate the antioxidant activity of mountain dill extract extracted with different solvents. In this research, water, ethanol, methanol, and hexane solutions were used. The content of flavonoid, total phenol, and anthocyanin was investigated. The highest yield of flavonoid extraction with methanol solution with the amount obtained (22.94±0.73 mg/g). The highest amount of anthocyanin measured was calculated related to extraction with ethanol solvent (3.40±0.12 mg/g). However, no significant difference was observed between different extracts obtained from different solutions in the amount of total phenol. The results indicated that extraction by alcohol solvent method has higher extraction efficiency and anthocyanin content than water and n-hexane solvent extracts. The type of solvent has a great effect on the anthocyanin and flavonoid content, which has a significant role in the antioxidant activity of the extract.