نشریه الدراسات القرآنیه المعاصره
پیاپی 6 (شتاء 1445)

One of the greatest doubts that the seculars and atheists make to the Muslims is that in the Holy Qur’an there are some verses about paradise that encourage people to animalistic pleasures especially sexual pleasures. Their aim is to belittle Islam and showing it as a religion devoid of human values. These people rely on to the interpretation of some  commentators and some distorted Narrations refer to blessings in the Paradise. Their hatred of Islam increases when they see the negative effects of this understanding. For example, some Jihadists are eager to die in order to reach to beautiful houris. In this research, we are going to show that this is not the only interpretation from the Paradise and its blessings. In this research, We used the descriptive analytical approach to clarify the matter. We must negate all negative aspects of this world from the afterworld because the Paradise is the land of peace, purity, and absence of impurities and wickedness. For understanding the true meaning of verses related to Paradise we must know some philosophical and gnostical premises about the true nature of this world and its  hierarchal levels. The findings are as the following: in the paradise we can not neglect from God and there is no animalistic pleasures such as indulging in animalistic desires; there is no evidence showing that in the Holy Quran sex is used as an incentive for going to Paradise and it is in the paradise that the true nature of humans will be revealed completely. Paradise is the final station of believers that the goal of their creation will be actualized.

Semantics is a method of text analysis. One of Izutsu's innovations in the application of semantics is seen in the analysis of the semantic system of the Holy Qur’an. The semantic field theory is considered one of his famous theories in this scientific field. Each of the pivotal words in the Holy Qur’an has a field of connotations, and in the interaction of these fields and the connection between them, the concepts and meanings of the words of the Holy Qur’an are known better and more accurately.As studies in semantic sciences progressed, some observations were made on them. One such observation is the issue of “gradual style inclusion” which aims to complete the meaning and help to comprehend the semantic field of words. The gradual method is a process derived from the revealed interpretation of the Holy Qur’an and includes the study of the noble surahs and verses in the context of their gradual revelation. In this article, an attempt was made to find out the effect of “including the gradual method” in semantics by studying the semantic field of the word piety in association with the word patience in a descriptive and analytical manner. We have come to the conclusion that the word piety was mentioned and repeated in the Holy Qur’an according to the progression of the gradual descent of the Meccan and Medinan surahs, from one foot to another. In addition, the word piety was used alongside the word patience in a gradual process in two areas:The first field is preliminary, and the second field is completion, as it is considered a complement to the first field. Given the atmosphere and societal requirements at the time of the revelation of the Meccan surahs, patience was initially mentioned as a basis for achieving piety. Whereas patience was considered necessary to achieve piety, then with the revelation of the Qur’an in the next stage and in a complementary ratio, both patience and piety became meanings, each playing its role independently alongside the other. Both patience and piety are necessary for the perfection and elevation of the human soul.

Most interpreters have their own theory of interpreting the Holy Qur’an, which is in line with the their goals. Knowing the textual competency will give the interpreter a good tool for achieving the goals of interpretation systematically and correctly. Muhammad Abed Al-Jaberi is of those interpreters who arranged his interpretive books according to the descending of the Surahs in the Holy Quran, having his own interpretive theory. This study, following an analytical approach aims to delve into his theory. The following are the results of analyzing the textual competency of Muhammad Abed Al-Jaberi: 1- internal harmony and compatibility (there is no incompatibility between the Surahs of the Holy Quran and its teachings, 2. Having a comprehensive outlook (the Holy Qur’an on the whole has a universal outlook), 3. According to Muhammad Abed Al-Jabri, there is no contradiction and inconsistency in a Holy text. According to Al-Jaberi, the comprehensiveness of the Quranic text indicates that it is descended for all ages and it will be eternal. Finally, we have found that the Al-Jaberi's textual competence theory is not compatible with the traditional Shia interpreters, believing in an interpretation according to the needs of the Arabs at the time of revelation of the Holy Quran.

This study aims to examine a number of contemporary readings and mechanisms that their authors have called for to be applied in reading the religious text, re-reading it and understanding it again, claiming that the ancient readings and classical approaches do not keep pace with the times and do not keep pace with the latest Western linguistic theories. Through this research, we try to shed light on this criticism of the Qur’anic discourse by Nasr Hamid Abu Zaid, and the concept of humanization. The study concluded that these contemporary mechanisms and new concepts did not add anything new and useful. Rather, their owners were confused in their application and failed to establish an accurate and specific scientific concept for them based on the accepted scientific foundations and frameworks. Among those who were influenced by the doctrine of Orientalism is the Egyptian author Nasr Hamid Abu Zayd, and we stand on one of his suspicions, which is that the Holy Qur’an - despite the high status and holiness of its source - is nothing but a human cultural product created by Muhammad the son of Abdullah, formulated in his language through his human thoughts and efforts after it was originally a Heavenly revelation.

This essay studies the concept of "making" in the Holy Quran and its role in human's upbringing, the focus of this study is on the verses regarding to the prophet Moses as an example, trying to study the impacts of this verses on human's upbringing. The method in this study is descriptive-analytic, focusing on the conditions and circumstances that the verses is descended. The term "making" and its derivations is used 20 times in the Holy Quran. The verses discussing this concept is divided into two parts: some of them is about the God's actions and the other is about the human's actions. In some verses the term "making" is directly related to the God, while in some other verses it is related to role on human and his pondering about God and prophets. By analyzing the verses in the Surah of Taha, the interpreters provided different interpretations about the concept of "making" and its role in the upbringing of the prophet Moses. We can understand that God has an important role in making a divinely leader. The findings of this research is as the following: first, the God has an important role in selecting and making the prophets. Second, the "making" had an important role in upbringing of the prophet Mose.

The historical movement of Imam Hussein (PBH) and his confrontation with the oppression of Umayyads by not pledging allegiance to Yazid had a great impact on the history of Islam. using the descriptive-analytical method, This article attempts to answer the following question: What are the defects of the Orientalists views from Imam Hussein revolution, focusing on the Qur’anic ideas of Imam Khamenei? The starting point of this essay is the wrong ideas of orientalists toward Imam Husain (PBH) uprising. The following are the results of this research: the are different views among orientalists studying the Ashura incident, such as political, historical, scientific. Ayatollah Khamenei considers the Ashura uprising a symbol of the struggle against injustice and tyranny, also in his view, this uprising is a turning point in the history of Islam and an example for standing against injustice and inequality.