فهرست مطالب اعظم فتاحی اندبیل

The present study aimed to compare the effectiveness of treatment based on meta-emotion, narrative therapy, and imago therapy on marital burnout in conflicted married women. The method of the current research was semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design and a control group with a two-month follow-up period. The statistical population of the research included married women with marital conflicts who were referred to Garmsar counseling centers in 2022, 60 of whom were selected voluntarily and randomly assigned to three experimental groups and one control group. The instrument of this research was Pines's Marital Depression Questionnaire (1996, CBM). The educational intervention based on Gottman's meta-emotion approach (2011), O'Hanlon's (1994), and Hendrix's imago therapy (2015) was implemented in 8 sessions of 90 minutes once a week as a group for the first, second, and third experimental groups. The data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance. The results of the analysis of variance showed that there is a significant difference between the groups in the post-test and follow-up of marital burnout (P<0.05). Also, the results showed that there is a significant difference between the three treatments, and imago therapy was significantly more effective than meta-emotion and narrative therapy on the marital burnout of conflicted married women (P<0.05). It can be concluded that imago therapy can be used as a supportive treatment for marital burnout in conflicted married women.

The present research was conducted to compare the effectiveness of inner peace training and reality therapy on psychological capital in the winter of 1400. This research was part of the quasi-experimental designs with pre-test, post-test, and control group and two-month follow-up. The statistical population included: all married women who were referred toAbuzar health centers in Tehran, 45 people were selected using the voluntary targeted sampling method, 15 people were randomly assigned to the inner peace group, 15 people to the reality therapy group, and 15 people to the control group. A psychological capital questionnaire (Luthans, PCQ, 2007) was used to collect data. Both groups received Glasser's inner peace and reality therapy interventions for 10 90-minute sessions. First, using central and dispersion indices, the descriptive characteristics of the research variables were examined separately for each hypothesis. Finally, the data were analyzed using multivariate mixed analysis of variance and Bonferroni's post hoc test for pairwise comparison through SPSS-24 software. The results showed that compared to the control group, both treatment methods had a significant effect on the psychological capital of married women (p>0.05). Also, the findings indicated that: inner peace training had a greater effect on the dependent variable than the reality therapy approach (p>0.05). The results of the research suggest evidence that teaching inner peace and reality therapy is a suitable method for improving and increasing the psychological capital of married women.

Considering the complexity and importance of borderline personality disorder as well as the relatively high prevalence rate of this disorder in the society, this research was conducted with the aim of investigating the effectiveness of emotion-oriented therapy on the treatment of patients with borderline personality disorder.

The method of this quasi-experimental research and the design used to examine the hypotheses in this research was a pre-test-post-test design with an experimental group and a control group. The statistical population of this research was made up of all people with borderline personality disorder who visited two counseling centers in one area of Tehran in 2020. 30 people with borderline personality disorder were selected by purposive sampling method and then these people were placed in two groups of 15 people (emotional treatment experimental group and control group) by matching method. The experimental group received 12 sessions of 120 minutes on a weekly basis and the control group did not receive the treatment. The tool for collecting information in this research was the borderline personality questionnaire (Leichsenring, 1999). Due to the quantitative nature of the research, data analysis was done using descriptive and inferential statistics methods (analysis of covariance test).

The findings showed that the observed F value for the borderline personality and its dimensions in the adjusted model (by adjusting the pre-test effect) for the whole scale, identity confusion, primary defense mechanism, reality testing, fear of intimacy and borderline personality respectively, is equal to: 33.275, 8.123, 7.902, 10.025 and 72.865. Moreover, its significance level (sig) is equal to 0.000, which indicates the existence of a significant difference between the post-test score in the experimental group and the control group, so the main effect of the group variable is significant, which means that emotion-oriented treatment is effective in the treatment of patients with borderline personality.

Therefore, it can be concluded that emotion-oriented therapy can be a useful method for treating patients with borderline personality disorders, so it is suggested that specialists benefit from it in their work

Sexual health is one of the most important aspects of marital satisfaction. Sexual satisfaction and sexual assertiveness are among the components of sexual health that can cause many problems in married people. The present study was conducted to compare bioenergy economy-based program and cognitive-behavioral therapy on sexual satisfaction and sexual assertiveness of women.

This semi-experimental study had a pre-test, post-test design with control group and follow-up period. The research population was married women aged 20 to 40 referred to counseling centers in Tehran's 7th district in 2021. Forty-five people were selected using convenience sampling, and randomly assigned to three groups of 15 each (two intervention groups and one control group). The intervention groups received cognitive behavioral therapy and treatment based on bioenergy economy for eight sessions of 90 minutes (once a week). Larson's sexual satisfaction questionnaires (1998) and Hurlbert's sexual satisfaction index (1992) were used as research tools. Data was analyzed in SPSS version 25 software using repeated measures ANOVA, considering the significance level 0.05.

The results showed that cognitive behavioral therapy and bioenergy economy- based program significantly improved sexual satisfaction and sexual assertiveness (P<0.05). The results of Ben Feroni's post hoc test showed that the effects of both treatments were stable in the follow-up period (P > 0.05), and there was no significant difference between the two approaches, regarding their effectiveness on women's sexual assertiveness and sexual satisfaction (P > 0.05).

To improve women's health and sexual satisfaction, cognitive behavioral therapy and bioenergy economy program can be used.

This study investigated the efficacy of a resilience-based curriculum on the impulsivity and psychological flexibility of adolescents with an addiction propensity. This study was quasi-experimental, with pre- and post-testing, a control group, and a two-month follow-up. In the 2019-2020 academic year, the statistical population included secondary high school pupils with a tendency toward addiction. Using a systematic sampling technique, 25 adolescents were selected and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. Over the course of two and a half months, the experimental group received ten seventy-five minute sessions of a teaching program on resilience. Three students in the experimental group and two students in the control group dropped out of the study after its initiation. This study utilized the addiction tendency questionnaire (ATQ), the impulsivity questionnaire (IQ), and the psychological flexibility questionnaire (PFQ). The data were analyzed using statistical software version 23 and repeated-measurement ANOVA and Bonferroni follow-up tests. The results indicated that the resilience curriculum had a significant impact on the impulsivity and psychological flexibility of adolescents with a tendency toward addiction (p<0.001). According to the findings of the present study, the teaching package of resilience can be used as an effective method to decrease and improve psychological flexibility in adolescents with an addiction propensity by employing techniques such as learning speech skills, teaching self-awareness, anger management, stress management, problem solving, and normal decision-making.

The beginning of parenthood is a special stage in family life, because couples are looking for a new adaptation at this stage. The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effectiveness of integrative couple therapy via Diamond method on continuity, adaptability and emotional intimacy of the couples after the birth of the first child.

The present study was conducted as a quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest and a control group, which was randomly selected by availability sampling (convenience sampling) and divided into two experimental and control groups. The statistical population consisted of 32 parents with a child under 5 years of age who referred to the Rasht Rehabilitation Counseling Center from November 2018 to May 2019, who were assigned to two experimental (16 people) and control (16 people) groups. The experimental group underwent integrative couple therapy using Diamond method in eight 90-minute sessions. The data were evaluated using Schaefer & Olson's intimacy questionnaire and Olson et al.'s adaptability and cohesion questionnaire. The data were analyzed using covariance analysis and via SPSS Statistics 22v.

Integrative couple therapy via Diamond method has had a significant effect on increasing continuity, adaptability and emotional intimacy of couples after the birth of their first child (P< 0/05).

As a result, it can be stated that the use of integrative couple therapy via Diamond is effective and efficient for couples who have problems in their marital relations after the birth of their first child.

The present study was conducted with the aim of comparing the effectiveness of inner peace training and reality therapy on the emotional regulation of married women in the winter of 2021. It was part of the quasi-experimental designs with pre-test, post-test, control group and two-month of follow-up study. The population includedmarried women who referred to AbuzarHealth House in Tehran. Using purposive sampling, 45 individuals were selected and 15 people were included in the inner peace group.Another 15 individuals were assigned to the reality therapy group, and the other 15 people were put in the control group. The research instrument was Hoffman et al.'s (2016) emotion regulation questionnaire. Both groups received training on inner peace and reality therapy for 10 sessions. To analyze the data, descriptive characteristics of the variables were examined.The data was also analyzed using multivariate mixed analysis of variance and Bonferroni's post hoc test by using SPSS 24. The results showed that compared to the control group, both training methods had a significant effect on the emotional regulation of married women (p>0.05). Also, the findings indicated that inner peace training had a greater effect on the variable than the reality therapy approach (p>0.05).

The present study was conducted to codify parents’ psychological empowerment package and evaluate its effectiveness on the positive and negative emotions of adolescents with inefficient parent-child interaction. The research method of the present study was thematic analysis through a comparative method in the qualitative part and quasi-experimental with a pre-test, post-test, control group design, and two-month follow-up period in the quantitative part. The statistical population included adolescents with inefficient parent-child interaction in the city of Tehran who were selected through the purposive sampling method and randomly accommodated into experimental and control groups (each group of 20 people). The adolescents' parents in the experimental group received ten sessions of psychological empowerment package during two-and-a-half months. 4 people in the experimental group and 3 in the control group quit participating in the study. The applied questionnaires in this study included the parent-child relationship questionnaire (Fine, Moreland, Schwebel, 1983) and the positive and negative emotions questionnaire (Watson, Clark, Tellegen, 1988). The data from the study were analyzed through the mixed ANOVA method via SPSS23 statistical software. The results showed that the psychological empowerment package enjoys suitable content validity from the experts’ viewpoint. Moreover, this package has had an effect on the positive (F=67.56; Eta=0.64; P<0001) and negative emotions (F=51.37; Eta=0.61; P<0001) of adolescents with inefficient parent-child interaction. According to the findings of the present study, the psychological empowerment package can be used as an efficient method to increase positive emotions and decrease negative emotions in adolescents with inefficient parent-child interaction through employing mental flexibility, training normal parenting style, and emotional participation with the child.

The aim of this research was to investigate the relationship between time perspective and happiness with the mediating role of lifestyle in female adolescents. The present study was a cross-sectional analytical study. The present study was a cross-sectional study. The statistical population in this study included all female high school students in Tehran in the academic year 2019-2020. 352 students were chosen in convenience sampling and were assigned to the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire (OHQ) (Hills and Argyle, 2002), the second version of the Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile (HPLP-II) (Walker et al., 1987), and Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory (ZTPI) (Zimbardo and Boyd, 1999) responded. Data analysis was performed by the structural equation modeling (SEM) method. The results showed that the proposed research model had a good fit. Also, the results showed that the past-negative perspective, present-hedonistic perspective, and present-fatalistic perspective have a negative direct effect on lifestyle and happiness (P<0.01), but the two sub-components future perspective and past-positive perspective have a direct effect on lifestyle and happiness (P<0.01). The direct lifestyle path on happiness was significant (P<0.05). Other results showed that the indirect coefficient of time perspective components on happiness through the mediating variable of lifestyle was significant (P<0.05). Consistent time perspectives directly and through a health-oriented lifestyle can lead to happiness in female adolescents.

Considering the complexity and importance of borderline personality disorder as well as the relatively high prevalence rate of this disorder in the society, this research was conducted as a comparison of the effectiveness of emotion- focused therapy with mentalization-based therapy on the treatment of people with borderline personality disorder.

The method of this semi-experimental research and the design used to examine the hypotheses in this research was a pre-test-posttest design with an experimental group and a control group. The statistical population of this research consisted of all people with borderline personality disorder who visited two counseling centers in Tehran district 1 in 2019. Therefore 45 people with borderline personality disorder were selected by purposive sampling method and then these people were placed in three groups of 15 (emotion-oriented treatment experimental group, mentalization-based treatment experimental group and control group) by matching method. The experimental groups received 12 weekly 120-minute sessions of emotion-focused therapy and mentalization-based therapy, and the control group did not receive therapy. The data collection instrument in this research was the borderline personality questionnaire by Leishnering (1999). Due to the quantitative nature of the research, data analysis was done using descriptive and inferential statistical methods (covariance analysis test).

The findings showed that emotion- focused therapy and mentalization-based therapy are effective on the treatment of people with borderline personality disorder. Also, the results showed that there is a significant difference between the effectiveness of emotion-focused therapy and mentalization-based therapy on the treatment of borderline personality disorder, and the effectiveness of mentalization-based therapy is greater than emotion-focused therapy on the treatment of borderline personality disorder.

Both intervention methods were effective in improving the symptoms of people with borderline personality disorder. However, the effect of mentalization-based therapy is more effective than emotionfocused therapy the treatment of people with borderline personality disorder.

The present study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of Vocational empowerment based on Shafiabady's multi-axial pattern of Vocational Choice (SMPVC) on Job Engagement among Female Heads of Families in Tehran. This quasi-experimental study was performed as a pretest-posttest experiment with the control group. The statistical population of the study consisted of all women heads of families in Tehran in 2019, and 30 people were determined as the sample size. Of these, 15 were selected in the experimental group and 15 in the control group by the available sampling method and randomly assigned to the groups. Research tool included the Otrich Work Engagement Scale (Schoffley et al., 2002). A multivariate covariance test was used to analyze the data. The findings showed that there was a significant difference between the mean scores of job Engagement of the experimental group in the pre-test and post-test stages. Therefore, based on the findings, it can be concluded that the vocational empowerment training package based on Shafi'abadi's multi-axis model is effective in job Engagement (and subscales include passion for work, dedication to work, and absorption in work) of Female Heads of Families in Tehran

the aim of the present study was to determine and present a model for predicting mental (psychological) pain based on psychological flexibility and meaning of life with the mediation of perceived social support in people who experienced bereavement caused by Corona.

The design of the descriptive research was of the correlation type and the statistical population of people who experienced the bereavement of close relatives (father, mother, child, sister, brother) caused by the corona virus in the year 1400 in Tehran, based on the opinion of Hewitt and Kramer (2004). 432 people were selected purposefully and according to the mental pain scale of Auerbach and Miklinser (2003), the acceptance and action questionnaire of Bond et al. they answered the collected data were analyzed using Pearson's correlation coefficient and path analysis and structural equations and using SPSS and Amoss software.

The results of correlation coefficients showed that between psychological flexibility (r=0.29, P<0.01) and its components (avoidance of emotional experiences and control over life), the meaning of life (r = 0.44, P<0.01) and its components (search for meaning and presence of meaning) have a positive and significant relationship with perceived social support (p < 0.01); While between psychological flexibility (r=-0.41, P<0.01) and its components (avoidance of emotional experiences and control over life), the meaning of life (r = -0.32, P<0.01) And its components (the search for meaning and existence of meaning) have a negative and significant relationship with mental (psychological) pain (P<0.01). Between perceived social support (r=-0.36, P<0.01) and its components (perceived support from family, perceived support from important people and perceived support from friends) with mental (psychological) pain also has a negative and significant relationship (pP< 0.01). Also, the coefficients of the direct path of psychological flexibility (ß=-0.30, P<0.01) and meaning of life (ß=-0.19, P<0.01) to the mental (psychological) pain of people who experienced bereavement caused by Corona They are negative and significant. The coefficient of the direct path of perceived social support as a mediating variable to the mental (psychological) pain of people who experienced bereavement caused by Corona is also negative and significant (ß=-0.20, P<0.01).

In general, the results show that the research model based on the relationship between psychological flexibility and the meaning of life with perceived social support on mental (psychological) pain in people with the experience of bereavement caused by Corona has a favorable fit.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of differentiation, attachment styles and family functioning on couple burnout by mediating emotional intelligence. The research method is correlation. The statistical population of the study was all couples living in Tabriz with at least 5 years of common life, who were 25 to 60 years old. In the present study, 600 (300 couples) were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling method (based on urban areas) in the first stage of the community. And if they have entry criteria including age range of 25-60 years; the duration of marriage is at least 5 years; lack of mental disorders; lack of experience in counseling and psychological interventions in the last two years; and willingness to participate in research voluntarily, was selected as research sample. Couple Burnout (Pines, 1996) Family Measurement(Epstein, Baldwin & Bishop, 1983), Attachment Styles (Bartholomew & Horowitz 1991), Emotional Intelligence (Bradberry and Greaves, 2005)and Differentiation Questionnaires (Skoworon & Fridlander, 1998)were used to collect data. Questionnaires were administered to 300 couple and data analysis was performed on 300 units (average scores of each couple). The results of path analysis showed that the components of differentiation have an indirect effect on marital boredom mediated by emotional intelligence(P< 0.05). Also Differentiation has a direct effect on boredom (P< 0.05). According to the results, components of family functioning have an indirect effect on marital boredom mediated by emotional intelligence(P< 0.05).  Also components of family functioning have a direct effect on boredom(P< 0.05).  According to the results, attachment styles have an indirect effect on marital boredom mediated by emotional intelligence(P< 0.05).  Also, attachment styles have a direct effect on couple burnout(P< 0.05).

Tendency to addiction in adolescents and not paying enough attention to it, can lead them to high-risk and addictive behaviors and leave irreparable harm. according to this the present study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of mindfulness skills training on the impulsivity and emotional self-awareness in the adolescents with the addiction tendency.The present study was quasi-experimental with pretest, posttest, control group and two-month follow-up stage design. The statistical population included secondary high school students with addiction tendency in the academic year 2019-20. 30 adolescents were selected through purposive sampling method and they were randomly accommodated into experimental and control groups (each group of 15 adolescents). The experimental group received ten seventy-five-minute sessions of mindfulness skills training during two-and-a-half months. 2 students in the experimental group and 2 students in the control group quitted participating in the study after beginning the process. The applied questionnaires in this study included the questionnaire of addiction tendency (Mousavi et.al, 2008), impulsivity questionnaire (Barratt, et.al, 2004) and emotional self-awareness questionnaire (Grant et al, 2002). The data were analyzed through repeated measurement ANOVA and Bonferroni follow-up test.The results showed that the mindfulness skills training had significant effect on the impulsivity and emotional self-awareness of the adolescents with the addiction tendency (p<0.001) and succeeded in decreasing impulsivity and increasing Emotional self-awareness in these adolescents.

The present study was conducted to codify the psychological empowerment package for parents and evaluate its effectiveness on the psychological distress of students with ineffective parent-child interaction. The research method is practical and the study was analyzed thematically by a comparative method in the qualitative part and quasi-experimentally with pretest, posttest, control group design and two-month follow-up period in the quantitative part. The statistical population included the students with ineffective parent-child interaction in Tehran city in 2019-2020, who were selected by purposive sampling method and randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group (each group consisted of 20 individuals). Parents of students in the experimental group received ten sessions of the psychological empowerment package. 4 individuals in the experimental group and 3 in the control group terminated their participation in the study. The questionnaires used in this study included the Parent-Child Relationship Questionnaire (PCRQ) and the Psychological Distress Questionnaire (PDQ). The data of the study were analyzed using the mixed ANOVA method. The results showed that the psychological empowerment package had adequate content validity from the experts’ viewpoint. Moreover, this package had an impact on the psychological distress of students with ineffective parent-child interaction (F=39.22; Eta=0.54; P<0001). According to the results of the present study, the psychological empowerment package can be used as an effective method to reduce students’ psychological distress by training mental flexibility, normal parenting style, and emotional involvement with the child. In a practical proposal, it is suggested that the psychological empowerment package is used in psychological clinics.

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between decision-making styles and happiness with the mediating role of lifestyle in female adolescents. The present study was a cross-sectional analytical study. The present study was a cross-sectional study. The statistical population in this study included all-female high school students (ninth to eleventh grades) in Tehran in the academic year 2019-2020. 360 students participated in convenience sampling and were assigned to the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire (OHQ) (Hills and Argyle, 2002), the second version of the Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile (HPLP-II) (Walker et al., 1987), and the General Decision Making Questionnaire (GDMS) (Scott and Bruce, 1995) responded. Data analysis was performed by the structural equation modeling (SEM) method. The results showed that the proposed model had a good fit. The results showed that happiness with decision-making styles such as avoidant (r=-0.57, P=0.001), dependent (r=-0.60, P=0.001) and spontaneous (r=-0.69, P=0.001) has a negative and significant correlation; But in contrast to rational decision-making styles (r=0.59, P=0.001), intuitive (r=0.57, P=0.001) and lifestyle components, nutrition (r=0.50, P=0.001), exercise (r=0.38, P=0.001), responsibility (r=0.43, P=0.001), stress management (r=0.39, P=0.001) interpersonal relationships (r=0.53, P=0.001) and self-actualization (r=0.36 P=0.001) have a positive and significant correlation with happiness (P <0.05). Also, the results of the Bootstrap test showed that the path coefficients of instant decision styles (-0.067, P=0.001), avoidance (-0.052, P=0.001), dependent (-0.046, P=0.001), rational (0.058, P=0.001) and intuitive (0.061, P=0.001) with a mediating role of lifestyle have an indirect and significant effect on happiness (P <0.05). Consistent rational and intuitive decision-making styles directly, as well as through a health-oriented lifestyle, can lead to happiness in female adolescents, but in contrast, instant, avoidance and dependent maladaptive decision-making styles have the opposite effect.

Developments in societies during recent decades have imposed the responsibility of managing life and high–stress levels on women who are the heads of households. Factors such as death, addiction, disability, and migration of the husbands, transfer the family's responsibility to women, which imposes them a lot of insecurities and additional tasks, such as loss of income and dual parenting roles. Many families belong to low socioeconomic classes and suffer from severe economic problems. Therefore, employment and entrepreneurship are necessary for their empowerment. Empowering female heads of the family can improve their mental health and personal and social life. Social support, employment, and entrepreneurship are missing components in women's empowerment. Empowerment of female–headed households is one of the issues that can help improve women's mental health indicators and their personal and social life. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of vocational empowerment based on Shafiabady's Multi–Axial Pattern of Vocational Choice (SMPVC) on job engagement and self–efficacy of female–headed households living in Tehran City, Iran.

The research method was quasi–experimental with a pretest–posttest design with a control group. The statistical population consisted of all female heads of families living in Tehran during 2019. A total of 30 women were selected by the available sampling method and randomly assigned into experimental and control groups (n=15 for each group). The inclusion criteria were being the female head of household, living in Tehran, having consent to participate in the project, not using drugs and psychotropic drugs, lacking mental and personality disorders (based on self–report) or acute and chronic physical illnesses, not participating in other treatment programs at the same time, and not receiving individual counseling or medication. The exclusion criteria of the experimental group included absenteeism for more than two sessions of the intervention and dissatisfaction with participation in the sessions. Vocational empowerment based on SMPVC was administered to the experimental group in eight 90–minute sessions for 2 months. Research tools included the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (Schaufeli et al., 2002) and the Self– Efficacy Scale (Sherer al., 1982). Data analysis was performed in SPSS software version 24 using descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (univariate analysis of covariance, the independent t test, and the Chi–square test). The significance level of the tests was considered 0.05.

The results showed that after controlling the effect of the pretest, there were statistically significant differences between the experimental group and the control group in the mean scores of vocational engagement (p<0.001) and self–efficacy (p<0.001). Also, 50% of the changes in vocational engagement and 53% of changes in self–efficacy were due to the effect of the intervention.

Based on the research findings, SMPVC can be applied to women heads of households and effectively improves their vocational engagement and self–efficacy.

Divorce is on the rise as an individual and social problem and has many negative consequences. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness “Solution-Focused Brief Couple Therapy” on Couples' Communication patterns in divorce applicant couples.

The method of the present study was a semi-intervention with pretest, posttest and follow-up and control group. The statistical population of this study included all couples who referred to the judiciary of Khoy city in 2018 who were seeking divorce. From this, 20 pairs were selected and divided into two equal groups (10 pairs in each group) by lot. Demographic questionnaire, The questionnaire of Christensen & Salavi Communication Patterns Questionnaire (CPQ)” were used to collect data. The validity of the questionnaires was measured by content validity by qualitative method and reliability by internal consistency method by calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficient. 6 sessions of “Solution -Focused Brief Therapy” intervention was performed for 60 minutes for the intervention couple. Both couples in the study were then asked to complete the instruments. Data were analyzed using SPSS. 21.

The “Solution -Focused Brief Couple Therapy” is effective in improving Couples' Communication patternsin divorce applicant.(P <0.05).

“Solution -Focused Brief Couple Therapy” is effective in improving Couples' Communication patterns. It is suggested that in the field of couple therapy, this intervention be used to solve the problems of couples and improve the relationship between them.

This study aimed to determine the prediction of mental (psychological) pain based on psychological capital among people with grief experience because of Coronavirus with the mediating role of perceived social support.

The study design was descriptive correlational. The statistical population included people with the experience of grief of close family members (father, mother, child, sister, brother) caused by Coronavirus in 2021 in Tehran. According to the views of Hoit and Kramer (2004), 432 people were selected by purposive sampling, and they have completed the Mental Pain Scale by Orbach and Mikulincer (2003), the Luthans et al.'s (2007) Psychological Capital Questionnaire, and the Zimet et al.'s (1988) Perceived Social Support Scale. The collected data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and path analysis, and structural equations and using SPSS and Amoss software.

The outcomes of Pearson's correlation coefficients indicated that there is a positive and significant relationship between psychological capital (r = 0.38, p <0.01) and its components (self-efficacy, hope, resilience, and optimism) and perceived social support (p<0.01). But there is a negative and significant relationship between psychological capital (r = -0.27, p <0.01) and its components (self-efficacy, hope, resilience, and optimism) and mental pain (psychological) (p<0.01). There is also a negative and significant relationship between perceived social support (r = -0.36, p <0.01) and its components (perceived support from family members, perceived support from important people, and perceived support from friends) and mental pain (psychological) (p <0.01). Furthermore, there are negative and significant coefficients of the direct path of psychological capital (ß=-0.15, p <0.01) to the mental (psychological) pain of individuals with the grief experience caused by Coronavirus. There is also a negative and significant direct path coefficient of perceived social support as a mediating variable to the mental (psychological) pain of people with the grief experience caused by Coronavirus is also (ß= -0.20, p <0.01). Also, the results indicated that there are negative and significant coefficients of direct pathways of psychological capital (ß= 0.23, p <0.01) to the perceived social support of individuals with the grief experience caused by Coronavirus.

The results generally indicate that the research model, which is based on the relationship between psychological capital and perceived social support for mental (psychological) pain among people the grief experience caused by Coronavirus, has a good fit.

The aim of this study was to explain the relationship between self-differentiation and forgiveness with marital satisfaction based on the mediating role of religious orientation.

The research method was descriptive-correlational and the statistical population included all married teachers working in the sixth and seventh grade in Tehranchr('39')s 6th educational district, with a total of 4,080 people, among whom 28 schools and 304 volunteer teachers were randomly selected. To collect research data, the following tools were used:  Differentiation of Self Inventory by Skowron, E. A., & Schmitt (2003), Family Forgiveness Scale by Pollard, Anderson, Anderson & Jennings (1998), Religious Orientation Questionnaire by Allport & Ross (1967), and ENRICH Marital Satisfaction Scale by Fournier, Olson & Druckman (1983) were used. After deleting 10 distorted questionnaires and 3 outliers, structural equation modeling was used for data analysis.

In this study, the direct path coefficient between internal religious orientation and marital satisfaction (P<0.01, β=0.337) was positive and significant at the 0.01 level. Indirect path coefficient between self-differentiation and marital satisfaction (β = 0.149, P <0.01) and indirect path coefficient between forgiveness and marital satisfaction (P <0.01, β = 0.129) were positive and significant at 0.01 level.

Since internal religious orientation can be effective in improving relationships and marital satisfaction, it is suggested that in marital counseling, strengthening the religious beliefs of couples be used.

Divorce is on the rise as an individual and social problem and has many negative consequences. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness “Solution-Focused Brief Therapy” on marital intimacy and contingencies of self-worth in divorce applicant couples.

The method of the present study was a semi-intervention with pretest, posttest and follow-up and control group. The statistical population of this study included all couples who referred to the judiciary of Khoy city in 2018 who were seeking divorce. From this, 20 pairs were selected and divided into two equal groups (10 pairs in each group) by lot. Demographic questionnaire, “Marital Intimacy Needs Questionnaire” and “Contingencies of Self-Worth Scale” were used to collect data. The validity of the questionnaires was measured by content validity by qualitative method and reliability by internal consistency method by calculating Cronbachchr('39')s alpha coefficient. 6 sessions of “Solution -Focused Brief Therapy” intervention was performed for 60 minutes for the intervention couple. Both couples in the study were then asked to complete the instruments. Data were analyzed using SPSS. 21.

The “Solution -Focused Brief Therapy” is effective in improving marital intimacy and potential self-esteem (P <0.05).

“Solution -Focused Brief Therapy” is effective in improving marital intimacy and potential self-esteem. It is suggested that in the field of couple therapy, this intervention be used to solve the problems of couples and improve the relationship between them.

After the birth of their first child, couples often become confused about becoming adaptable to their new living conditions and satisfying the need for emotional intimacy in line with the desired parenting style. Coping with the child-rearing problems and managing the caregiving responsibilities may make the marital relationship more complicated. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of emotionally focused couple therapy on cohesion, adaptability, emotional intimacy and quality of communication in couples after the birth of the first child.

This research was a quasi-experimental study with control group pretest-posttest design. The statistical population included all the parents with a child under the age of 5 who was attending a kindergarten in Rasht during March to September 2019. The sample included 16 couples (8 in the experimental group and 8 in the control group) who were selected by convenience sampling and then randomly assigned to either the experimental or control group. The experimental group received nine 90-min sessions of emotionally focused couple therapy and the control group was put on the waiting list to receive the intervention. All participants were assessed at pretest and posttest stages through using the Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scale III (FACESIII), (Olson et al., 1985), Personal Assessment of Intimacy in Relationships Scale (Schaefer & Olson, 1981) and Quality of Communication between Couples (Khoshkam, 2006). Data were analyzed by analysis of covariance.

Findings showed that the emotionally focused couple therapy was positively effective on cohesion (F=500.492, P< 0.001), adaptability (F=231.225, P< 0.001), emotional intimacy (F=1362.482, P< 0.01) and quality of communication between the parents (F=244.444, P< 0.0001).

Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that emotionally focused couple therapy can improve the intimacy between the parents and increase their satisfaction with each other through influencing the effective communication style, developing the emotional bond, identifying beliefs and background of coupleschr('39') attachment, understanding the relation between behavior and thoughts and emotions and developing realistic expectations about parenting, especially after the birth of the first child.

The aim of this study was to predict the post-traumatic growth of divorced women based on spiritual well-being and psychological hardship with the mediating role of emotional regulation. The design of the present study was descriptive-correlational. The statistical population included divorced women under the auspices of Welfare and Imam Khomeini Relief Committee in Tehran in 1398 that 168 people were selected as a statistical sample by available sampling method, using the questionnaire of growth after injury Teschi and Calhoun (1996), questionnaire Data were collected. The results of path analysis showed that spiritual well-being and psychological hardship directly and through the mediation of emotional regulation, significantly predict the post-traumatic growth of divorced women.

This study was aimed to determine the effectiveness of group counseling in the rational emotive behavior therapy of Albert Ellis on self-concept and social adjustment of high school students.  

The present study was a quasi-experimental study with study and control groups and pre-test and post-test, and the statistical population included 201 students of Shohada Hastei High School in the academic year of 2014-2015. Students who scored lower than the cut-off point on the Sarasota self-concept (1981) and the Bell Adjustment Inventory (1961) were identified. Then 30 students were selected by simple random sampling and were randomly divided into the study (15 students) and control (15 students) groups. The study group received the group counseling program of rational emotive behavior therapy for 10 sessions of 90 minutes once a week and the control group did not receive any training. At the end of the group counseling sessions, both groups were retested. The data were analyzed using the analysis of covariance.  

The results showed that group counseling with the rational emotive behavior therapy of Ellis improved students' self-concept (P=0.001, F=22.02) and social adjustment (P=0.001, F=92.02).  

According to the results of the present study, it is recommended to counselors and psychologists in schools and universities pay more attention to the improvement of self-concept and social adjustment of adolescent students.

Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) affects social, emotional, and familial functioning. The present study aimed to determine the effectiveness of "Neurofeedback" and "Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation" on the Executive Function of Response Inhibition of Boys 6 to 11 years with Attention Deficit- Hyperactivity Disorder.

 The present study is a quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test and control group. The statistical population included all students aged 6 to 11 in Islamshahr boys' primary and preschool levels in the 96-97 academic year. The research sample was 34 people who were identified by the convenience sampling method among Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder and by simple random sampling (simple lottery) were divided into two intervention groups and a control group (12 people in each group). However, one person from each intervention group withdrew. Research instruments  include the “SNAP-IV Scale”, the “Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scales (Fifth Edition)”, the “Conner's Parent Rating Scale”, and  “Go/No Go Test”. The validity and reliability have been measured in previous studies.Interventions included neuro feedback 20 sessions of 30 minutes (Three days a week) and tDCS included 10 sessions of 10 minutes with intensity of 1 Ma (two days a week). Data were analyzed with SPSS. 23.

Average response inhibition scores were improved in two measurements, with the largest change in the neurofeedback group being controlled on accuracy scores (12.04). Also, by eliminating the pre-test effect, it was determined that "Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation” had a significant difference in accuracy and speed of execution and” neurofeedback” in the implementation speed score compared to the control group (p˂ 0.001).

Due to the number of sessions and the type of waves corrected, "neurofeedback" is not effective in improving inhibitory response. But "Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation" is an effective method. Therefore, it is suggested that the "Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation” be used to solve the above problem."