فصلنامه گنجینه اسناد
پیاپی 86 (تابستان 1391)

The present research aims to study historical records to verify the role of the Shiite Dynasty of Qutub Shahis in the history of India in the Islamic era.Methodology/ Approach: This study, which is conducted by descriptive- analytical method based on library resources, has evaluated historical records about the history of India in the Islamic era and has also investigated manuscripts available in two major centers of India in order to answer the research questions. The advent and spread of Islam in India led to fundamental developments in the history of India. The conquests of Muslim troops in India, followed by the travel and migration of Muslim scholars to India, made Indians familiar with the principles of Islam. Hence, Islam entered India both as a military power and a developed religion. From 602 Hijri/ 1181 A.D, the era ofSultan Qutb-ud-din Aibak, to the end of 1274 Hijri/ 1853 A.D, the era of Bahadur Shah Zafar, Shiite scholars and influential Shiite personages were widely present in India. At the present time, the monuments remaining of the Qutub Shahis Shiite state’s endowments are very important and the historians and tourists visiting India are eager to see them. The Indian Government has selected some of these monuments as national heritage.

This study aims to analyze the power structure of the Bakhtiari tribe, from the Qajar Era up to the Islamic Revolution, from a socio-historical point of view. Methodology/ Approach: The present study has applied a descriptive and analytical method to evaluate and analyze the historical data gathered, based on library resources, in order to reach a final organization of the data and draw inferences from them. The findings of this study show that the Bakhtiari tribe has been one of the greatest tribes in southern Iran. During its history, this tribe has experienced many ups and downs and has played an important role in the history of Iran and its developments. The political and social structure of the Bakhtiari tribe has followed a pattern which has changed throughout history. Unlike other tribal communities, the power structure in the Bakhtiyari tribe consisted of different levels and layers. In the past, the Khans, and subsequent to them the sheriffs (Kalantar), the chiefs (kadkhoda) and patriarchs (rish sefid) headed the political structure of Bakhtiyari communities in a hierarchical manner. But when central governments came to power and introduced extended military stations, the Khans’ power gradually reduced. These changes gradually affected the Bakhtiyari political structure to such an extent that the Khans have no standing in the Bakhtiyari power structure today.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of the Qashqais in the National Movement of Iran after the 1953 coup d'état (28 Mordad coup).Methodology/ Approach: This paper is a descriptive - analytical study based on library resources. The findings indicate that when the 1953 coup succeeded, the Qashqais proposed that Mosaddegh move towards the Qashqai tribal regions. When they achieved no results, they headed to their tribe where they disarmed police stations and formed a military opposition to the coup regime. They attempted measures which were effective for the first four months and continued to have a lingering influence for more than a year. The measures included: tribal meetings, contracts within and outside the tribe and negotiations with the Tudeh Party of Iran that was making similar efforts.

The present research aims to study the status of the textile industry in Iran during the Qajar Era. The Qajar Era in Iran was concurrent with the Industrial Revolution in Europe. In this era, the textile industry of Iran, which was based on manual methods of production, could not compete with the machine-made products of Europe. Various types of foreign textiles entered Iran's market and local textile workshops lost their previous prosperity due to lack of governmental support. This trend became even worse after indiscriminate concessions were granted to foreign governments, especially Russia and Britain.Methodology/ Approach: This study employs descriptive-analytic research. The theoretical section of the present research is based on library method and data collection has been carried out by taking notes and reviewing records. The findings of the research show a recession in local industries due to a rise in the import of European textiles. Furthermore, an increase in the price of raw material led traders to export more of their raw materials and this made the recession of domestic industries even worse.

Photographs are important records in the process of visual representation of the past culture and civilization in contemporary history. Some changes happen in the structure of historical photographs over time, which may lead to many visual distortions and consequently some conceptual and aesthetic alterations in them. The purpose of this research is to study the chemical degradation that has occurred in two paper-based photographs related to late Qajar and early Pahlavi era. The study includes a description of the two photographs, an assessment of their condition and identification of degradation factors based on the experiments carried out. Methodology/ Approach: The present study has applied the methods of SEM/ EDS and FTIR to assess the chemical degradation which has occurred in the two photographs. The results of this study indicate that excess fixing agent has remained on the photographs because of insufficient washing of the fixer during the developing process. The residual fixer has penetrated the emulsion layers and has caused sulfating stains over time because of exposure to humidity. The decomposition of the fixer remaining on the photographs has resulted in some brownish yellow areas and the accumulation of silver on the surface. This has caused fading. This problem is more prominent in the photograph related to the early Pahlavi era. The use of titanium dioxide as the white pigment in the base of the photo paper of this photograph has encouraged the separation of layers. Insufficient washing after applying fixer on the photograph, an improper technique of printing and poor storage conditions comprise the main factors causing the degradation in the studied photographs.

This study aims to investigate the common methods of organizing coins and bills in museums and to propose a coordinated system for the proper and integrated organization of these museum objects.Methodology/ Approach: The present study is based on descriptive survey method. The theoretical parts of this study have been conducted using library methods and the data has been collected using a survey methodology and through interviews that the researcher has conducted with the staff of museums containing coins and bills (in Iran and around the world). A total of 65 museum staff were interviewed (13 Iranian and 52 non-Iranian). The interviewees were selected from various museums containing coins and bills with regard to geographical distribution and global scope. The findings of the study indicate the lack of an integrated method for organizing coins and bills in museums. Based on the research findings, a coordinated system is suggested for the integrated organization of coins and bills at museums in Iran and around the world. The interviewees believed that a coordinated system would be efficient and practical. The findings of this study indicate that the integrated organization of coins and bills at museums through a coordinated system leads to enhanced management of coins and bills, improves collaboration and interaction between museums, and contributes to enhanced utilization of these museum objects. It is considered essential that the officials and managers of museums containing coins and bills take necessary measures to deal with this issue.

Dictionaries and thesauri have played a minor role in the field of archival studies in Iran since there are no official Persian sources that the archivist can refer to for determining the precise meaning of words used in archival texts. There are also a limited number of efficient English dictionaries and thesauri in this field. The present study aims to review the previous research on web-based thesauri and dictionaries and to introduce some web-based and online dictionaries and thesauri in the field of archival studies. Methodology/ Approach: This article is a review study. The data, including web-based dictionaries and thesauri in the field of archives, were collected through literature review, internet search engines and online directories.

This study demonstrates that there is no printed or electronic dictionary or thesaurus in the field of archives in Iran. Most of the web-based dictionaries and thesauri reviewed in this study are published by universities, scientific associations and software development centers active in the field of archives. A number of these web-based dictionaries and thesauri have the option of phrase search and alphabetical search. Some others cover limited vocabularies and have no search option. But in both groups, comprehensive definitions and descriptions are presented for technical terms used in archiving.

By reviewing the dictionaries and thesauri introduced in this paper, archive experts in Iran can evaluate the performance and efficiency of these resources, select the most appropriate of them and develop the domestic model of these archival dictionaries and thesauri in Persian. The online version of these Persian dictionaries and thesauri in the field of archiving can be published on the web to be available for researchers and archivists of archiving centers.