فصلنامه گنجینه اسناد
پیاپی 130 (تابستان 1402)

The purpose is to investigate the position of Tehran Municipality in the first Pahlavi period and identify the tools of urban construction expansion in light of authoritarianism. 

Method and Research Design: 

Archival records and government reports were studied, analyzed and described using historical method.

The results show that Reza Shah, aimed to expand urban construction, along with other elements, in light of modernism. Therefore, the implementation of the urban construction projects in light of the rules and regulations specified the necessity of the municipality even more. Reza Shah appointed a military person, Colonel Karim Bouzarjomehri, as the head of Tehran municipality, and he managed the urban affairs with his dictatorial attitude and policy. In this period, Tehran municipality started the process of assimilation based on the policy of centralization and attempted to modernize Tehran with authoritarian policies, omitting the old concepts and clearing up the Qajar’s past. Consequently, Tehran was changed and its urban construction and streets were renewed and expanded. Naturally, some ancient monuments and cultural heritage were demolished while widening streets and sidewalks.

Quarantine was an important and modern way of preventing the spread of the diseases, that formed a new paradigm in healthcare of Iran in the Qajar dynasty. Due to the pilgrimages and the trades between Iran and Arab Iraq in the Ottoman Empire, a large number of people such as Pilgrims, merchants, and travelers traversed the roads of Kermanshah and played a major role in spreading out infectious diseases/epidemic in the region. In order to prevent epidemic, Iran and Iraq tried to keep the region in quarantine. The purpose of this research is to identify the importance of Kerrnanshan Quarantine in preventing epidemic. 

Method and Research Design: 

Archival records and library resources were studied and analyzed using historical method in a descriptive and analytical way.

The results show that keeping the roads of Kermanshah in quarantine did not play a significant role in preventing of epidemic due to the following reasons: the ranking officials and influential people broke the quarantine; failure to allocate sufficient budget funds for quarantine; profiteer officials that received bribe from merchants; pilgrims and the caravans that were carrying the corpses.

Sultanabad was constructed in 1849 by a military commander, Yusuf Khan Gorji, at the time of Fath Ali Shah Qajar. The city was organized based on a military model with the aim of establishing security in Farahan region and routes between the east and west parts of the country. Over time, Sultanabad became an important city in various economic and commercial dimensions. Agricultural products and the carpet industry elevated its status. Therefore, the merchants of Sultanabad achieved a prominent position and played an effective role in the development of the city. This article aims to investigate the impact of Sultanabad’s merchants on the social and cultural developments of the city from the Persian Constitution till the end of the First Pahlavi period.

Method and Research Design: 

Archival records and library resources were studied and analyzed using historical method in a descriptive and analytical way.

The results show that in addition to the immediate role of the merchants in the economic dynamism of the region, they played an effective role in various cultural areas and the established educational centers and religious places. They also interacted with some influential people, including clergies, and solved some of the social and economic problems of the residents.

Endowments of the Qajar period are among the most important resources that demonstrates the social, economic, cultural and religious conditions of Iran of the time. Female endowments are particularly important among the different classes and groups of Iranian society that have endowed. Investigating the content of women's endowments is important since they display both quantity and quality of endowments among women. They also demonstrate women’s participation in social activities of the period. The purpose of the research is to study the contents of the endowments of the women in Sari and Barforoush during the Qajar period, to distinguish their characteristics and functions as well as the social status of the women.

Method and Research Design: 

Endowments and some historical library resources were studied and analyzed in a descriptive and analytical way.

The result show that there are few differences between women and men’s endowments in Sari and Barforoush in the Qajar period considering their characteristics and functions. The endowments had religious and social functions and were considered for the following purposes mourning, charitable deeds, seminary students' expenses, publishing religious books, public services, and supporting the life expenses of the children of the person who endows. Endowments were mostly piece of land, a house, a shop, a garden, a bath or a caravanserai. The women were among the rich and noblemen, merchants, and landowners. The women’s social status depended on their father or husband except the ones that themselves were a midwife or tragedian (Ta’ziye khan). Their father or husband were mostly coppersmith, doctor, surgeon, butcher, judge, merchant, tailor, muezzin, Muslim clergyman, and grocer.

The study investigates the importance of EBUCore Metadata Set in organizing Audiovisual resources considering the viewpoint of archival experts of audiovisual archives of Tehran.

Method and Research Design: 

Library research and descriptive survey were used to collect data.  In order to extract the metadata elements, library resources and international databases, EBU Tech3293, and EBUCore Metadata Set were studied and reviewed and a researcher-made questionnaire was designed. The archivists of the audiovisual archives of Tehran filled in the questionnaires and scored the importance of 84 metadata elements for describing audiovisual resources in four dimensions: structural elements (11), descriptive elements (50), technical elements (17) and managing elements (6). The collected data were analyzed using SPSS software.

Based on the results, the four dimensions received the archivists’/experts’ approval. Organizing audiovisuals based on standards, integrated and structured models leads to accurate representation of such resources and this improves speed, accuracy, and precision of information retrieval and boost the audiovisual archives to be agile in content management. To sum up, the presented elements of the research meet all audiovisual archives needs in media organization.

A postage stamp is a national symbol and cultural icon that serves as a small ambassador, transmitting the culture of countries to the far corners of the world and the currency of the letter world. World Children's Day is one of the important global events that focuses on raising awareness about children's rights. Since the World Children's Day stamp also serves as a measure of the cultural level of countries, the semiotics of its visual qualities are significant. This research aims to identify the themes and semiotics of visual and graphic of Iranian stamps for World Children's Day.

Method and Research Design: 

Four samples of Iranian Stamps of World Children's Day (issued in 1979, 1990, 1999, and 2016) were studied, described and analyzed on the basis of Pierce’s sign theory/ semiotics.

The results show that the designed themes and visual qualities are highly compatible with the concepts of World Children's Day, and the images, symbols, and colors are suitable for children. Over time, the visual quality and importance of the stamps have diminished, and Iran's postal service has not issued stamps for World Children's Day since 2016."