مجله ارگونومی
سال پنجم شماره 1 (بهار 1396)

9% of all available packaging are jars with steel lids. However some consumers have troubles with jar opening. The aim of the current research is the analysis of the exerting force onto the jar lids relating the torque input to the anthropometric and physiological characteristics of the consumers.
Material and In this study, we examine the force distributed on the fingers and the palm using a special tester consists of the force sensing resistors (FSR) sensors. This tester includes 19 sensors, 14 of which are installed on the fingers and 5 on the palm. Each sensor is connected to a driver via two wires and then to a computer by a USB port. A full jar with 1100g weight and 85mm lid outer diameter was used and the forces exerted by 20 participants including 10 male and 10 female students were recorded. Then Minitab 17 software was used and the mathematical relationship between the torque and anthropometric and physiological characteristics was investigated.
It was found that the force is mainly exerted by the index finger. The calculation of the torque based on the force measurements showed that the maximum torque applied by men was 10.63Nm and by women was 7.66Nm. Statistical F-test for the torque (response variable) at 0.05 significance level resulted in p-values equal to 0.011 and 0.008 for male and female participants, respectively. Therefore, it can be concluded that the measured values are statistically significant.
Statistical analysis revealed that the hand dimensions and the grip strength play the main roles in applying torque. Additionally, the results indicated that packaging conditions for the particular jar in this survey must be adjusted such that the consumers with the lowest physical ability (5.11 Nm torque) can open them.

Content analysis as a quantitative method, is one of the common methods of scientific surveying of journals. According to the absence of such studies in ergonomics scope and the need for information on the direction and characteristics of conducted research and in order to gain more detailed plans, this study aimed to survey the content analysis of scientific outputs regarding occupational Health with an emphasis on ergonomics.
This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on articles published by the Persian and interior Latin journals with a minimum track record of three years for a period of ten years from 2005 to 2015. Data were collected via a researcher-made checklist using census and based on content analysis method.
The extracted data, from 927 article in period of ten years from 5 specialized journals, showed that the largest share of researches is related to ergonomics scope (24.27 percent). Mainly research tools used in ergonomics articles were questionnaire (69.77 percent). Based on the types of studies, only 15.55 percentage of ergonomic researches was based on interventional studies.
Publishing articles with subject of ergonomics has been growing over the past decade. Most research has been conducted with an emphasis on physical health and psychological; however, social aspects of health has been relatively neglected. Most research in ergonomics scope was descriptive, analytical and cross-sectional. In this regard, more attention to interventional studies should be paid.

The working population spends an increasing amount of waking times at work that is full of social relationship and meaningful resource of social capital. With regard to relationship between workplace social capital and employee health, this systematic review was performed with aim to evaluate the effects of workplace social capital in health workforce.
This is a systematic review study. The articles were in full text and in English language that were sited in Pubmed, Scopus, and Google scholar database with key words such as "workplace social capital" ,"health", "hypertension", "diabetes", "depression" without time limit were selected, at least 14 articles were eligible.
Workplace social capital was related with cardio-vascular disease, hypertension, diabetes and depression among the employees.
Workplace social capital should be considered as one of the most important issue in health promotion.

one of the most important issues in industrial is Accident. Various factors affect the events that one of these factors is individual features. This study aim is, investigating of the role of human resource personality on human reliability in accidents outbreak with using DISC behavioral approach modal in automotive industry.
this is a kind of descriptive-analytic research that, the relation of person vulnerability with human personality and fallibility was investigated. In order to determine human personality, Disk standard model was used and in order to estimate the degree of human fallibility, heart techniques was used. Then, the relationship between natural personality and human reconcilable dimensions and human reliability and fallibility was found. Also, the relation of accident repetition with personality and human fallibility was determined. This research had been done between 98 person of the personnel of one of the biggest production units, between 92 to 94.
the results indicate that, there is a high correlation between human personality and fallibility dimension and accidents outbreak, in a way that the results showed that, there is a significant relationship between person with influential personality, inherent stability, adapted stability, adapted dutiful and accident outbreak repetition.
according to the results, it has been found that, the personality of the person who has high sensitivity in their job and has less adaptation than changes made in work environment, has a more possibility for accidents outbreak. Perhaps, this issue is created because of the inconsistency between management system that is ruling the industry of developing countries and personality features of these person.

Leptin, the generated obese gene and as an anti-obesity hormone that plays a key role in have regulated weight. We aimed to investigate the effects of eight weeks selected aerobic training on serum leptin levels, anthropometric indices and maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) in obese men.
Material and 20 healthy elderly women were selected by convenience sampling method and were randomly assigned to control (n=10) and experimental (n=10). The program training include: 40 min per session, 3 times per week for 8 weeks participate in aerobic exercise with 55-60 HRR%. Pre and post of aerobic exercise, serum leptin levels, anthropometric indices and VO2max evaluated. To make intra and intergroup comparisons t-test for dependent and independent samples were used. For all statistical comparisons, the level of significance was set at p Eight weeks aerobic exercise lead to increase of Vo2max (p=0.00) significantly. The amount of leptin (p=0.007), weight (p=0.002), BMI (p=0.003), body fat percent (p=0.002) and WHR (p=0.013) in sedentary obese men in experimental group reduced significantly. The variations of between groups in weight, BMI, BFP, WHR and Vo2max in two groups have differences.
The results of this study showed that selected aerobic training have favorable influence on improvement of serum leptin levels and VO2max in obese men.

Muscle-skeletal disorders are one of the most common job related disorders in industrial workplaces and they’re caused because of different reasons. The study purpose was ergonomic assessment by using key indicator index (KIM) and it was done in order to reduce injuries in bottle-making salon in one of the detergent producing industries in Qazvin province.
This study is an intervention study and it consists 25 workers and was done in a bottle-making salon in one of the detergent producing industries in 2016. To data collection, we used Cornell questionnaire and key indicator index assessment method before and after the ergonomic interventions. We analyzed the data by descriptive analytical tests using SPSS 16 software.
According to the results in the bottle production task (risk score: 4), the risk score decreased significantly by redesign (risk score: 2). Also based on the results in bottle's material supply task that workers used to do it by manual material handling (risk score: 3), by redesign, risk score decreased significantly (risk score: 1).
In this study, muscle-skeletal disorders decreased meaningfully by workstation ergonomic redesign after 5 months that we started the interventions.

Background and importance of the issue in different countries; a significant number of employees of any organization are caught burnout. It is clear that prevention of burnout in mental health promotion and to improve the quality of services plays an important role. One of the topics that may be useful in reducing premature aging applying ergonomics knowledge of Total ergonomics (micro and macro) is. The main objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between some of the variables considered in the context of a Total ergonomics include: organizational support, organizational justice and physical conditions of the workplace is burnout.
This study is applied. The population of this study, one of the hospitals in Yazd, including various departments is 506 employees. The sample size of 216 was determined according to Morgan. The data were collected through a questionnaire and stratified random sampling was performed. In this study, a comprehensive view of the relationship between organizational support and physical environment of workplace ergonomics and occupational burnout were studied.
This study investigated burnout level and organizational support; reduction of burnout in the face of increased organizational support, organizational justice and improve the physical environment of workplace criteria. The results obtained in this study correspond with the results of various research studies. The study shows that demographic variables on burnout are effective employees.
The proposed variables in burnout and Total ergonomics and there is a significant negative relationship. The results show that gender, age and work experience staff burnout is effective. At the end of the study based on the results, some suggestions were presented operational and research to reduce burnout.

Metro driving is one of the newest jobs in Iran. Due to the lack of studies about train drivers’ workload, there is no comprehensive information about factors that effect on workload. This study aimed to analysis the factors that may affect driver workload, in order to recommend the control measures.
In this mixed method study, data generation was made through field observations, document reviews, individual interviews, focus group interviews and focus group discussions. In order to field data collection, The Institute for occupational ergonomics and CCD Design & Ergonomics Ltd’s developed tools were used. Directed content analysis was used to qualitative data analysis.
Overall, 65 factors were extracted as the factors that may affect driver workload. The extracted factors were drawn on a fishbone diagram, over 8 Categories, including management, supervision and organizational climate, infrastructure, job design, journey, and environmental as distal factors and time pressure, information exchanges, and individual factors as Proximal factors.
Some of the distal factors are the nature of an urban transport system, so the only amendment is compensatory programs, and some of them can be resolved by Long-term plans. Anyway, workload of train drivers can be amendment with focus on the proximal factors in short-term, and the distal factors in long-term.