فصلنامه پژوهش های نوین روانشناختی
پیاپی 44 (زمستان 1395)

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between personality characteristics, emotional schemas and test anxiety in first grade high school male students. Therefore, using random cluster method, 260 students were selected of which 234 subjects completed the questionnaires. Data were collected through Persian version of Leahy Emotional Schema Scale (LESS), NEO Five-Factor Personality Inventory (NEO-FFI) and Test Anxiety Inventory (TAI). Data were analyzed by regression method. Results showed significant correlation between test anxiety and personality traits neuroticism, extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness. Furthermore, findings demonstrated that neuroticism significantly predicted test anxiety. Besides, there were significant relationships between control schema, emotional self-awareness, emotion comprehensibility, rumination, acceptance simplistic view of emotions, expression, blame schemas and test anxiety. Results reveled that control schema had the highest correlation and self-awareness, ruminations and simplistic view of emotions, were the next variables, respectively. Results of regression method showed that emotional schemas such as control, self-awareness, rumination, simplistic view of emotion, and expression could significantly predict test anxiety. Hence, findings of the present study suggest that personality traits such as neuroticism play an important role in test anxiety. In addition, emotional schemas have a crucial role in the prediction of students’ text anxiety.

The aim of the present study was to examine the mediating role of ego strength in the relationship between attachment styles of secure, avoidant, ambivalent and emotional intelligence. A total of 511 students (269 female, 242 male) participated in this study voluntarily. All participants were asked to complete Adult Attachment Inventory (AAI), Emotional Intelligence Scale (EIS), and Ego Strength Scale (ESS). Results showed that there was a significant positive relationship between secure attachment style and emotional intelligence. Avoidant and ambivalent attachment styles showed significant negative associations with emotional intelligence. Results of regression method revealed that ego strength mediated the relationship between attachment styles and emotional intelligence. It was shown that secure and insecure attachment styles can predict changes of emotional intelligence through ego strength in opposite directions. Consequently, it can be concluded that mediating role of ego strength on the relationship between attachment styles and emotional intelligence was partial.

This study aimed to design a model for defining and predicting the achievement of students in mathematics according to family condition school condition, student’s background and teaching process variables. It was conducted with a descriptive method. The study sample included third grade guidance school students, in 2006-2007 who participated in TIMSS study 2007 (n=3950). The instruments of this study were questionnaire for students which measure the variables of home condition, students background, school condition, teaching process and the mathematic achievement test of TIMSS study (2007). Data were analyzed by SPSS16 and LISREL 8/5 software and with the method of structural equation modeling. Results showed that family condition variable did not have a significant effect on the student’s background but had a positive significant effect on students’ mathematic achievement. School condition had a positive significant effect on teaching process, student’s background and math achievement. Family condition had the most significant effect on math achievement of students, which suggests the importance of social and educational conditions of students’ home environments on their mathematics achievement. Also, teaching process of mathematics had the most direct effect on student’s background.

The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of acceptance & commitment treatment in depression and spiritual well-being of blind girls in Shahrekord. The study design was semi-experimental method (pre-test and post-test with control group). The study population was all the blind girls of Shahrekord. Using convenience sampling, 30 subjects were selected and were randomly assigned in experimental and control groups. Both pretest and posttest were administered on the study groups. Measurement tools consisted of Compatibility Bell BDI and spiritual well-being. Data were analyzed by analysis of covariance. Results showed that acceptance and commitment treatment led to the reduction of depression and the enhancement of increase spiritual well-being in blind girls. Consequently, Acceptance and Commitment treatment is an appropriate method for the reduction and enhancement of spiritual welling in blind girls.

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between motivational and intelligence beliefs, conceptions of learning, personality characteristics and positive and negative academic emotions in students. Therefore, using random multi-stage method, 300 students of humanities sciences (206 females and 94 males) were selected from Payame Noor University–Tabriz branch. The Conceptions of Learning Inventory (COLI), Big Five Inventory (BFI), Implicit Theories of intelligence Scale (ITIS), Harter Academic Motivation Scale and Achievement Emotions Questionnaire (AEQ) were completed by these students. Data were analyzed by standard or simultaneous Multiple Regression method. Results showed that personal change, conscientiousness, extraversion, incremental beliefs about intelligence and intrinsic motivation were the significant predictors for students’ positive academic emotions. In the prediction model of negative academic emotions, entity beliefs about intelligence, extrinsic motivation and neuroticism (with positive Beta values), and intrinsic motivation, conscientiousness, extraversion (with negative Beta values) were statistically significant predicting factors. Results of this study indicate that component of conceptions of learning, personality characteristics, intelligence and motivational beliefs are accounted for the significant variance of students’ positive and negative academic emotions.

This study aimed to investigate the role of neuroticism personality traits in stress and job satisfaction regarding the mediating effects of job self-efficacy. The study population included all Payame-nour University employees in west Azerbaijan. Using cluster sampling method, 128 subjects were selected. The study was conducted with a correlative method based on structural equation modeling. Data were collected using NEO-Five Factor questionnaire, stress questionnaire, job satisfaction questionnaire and self-efficacy questionnaire of GSES. Results showed that any increase in neuroticism personality trait scores increases the scores of job stress and decreases self-efficacy and job satisfaction among employees. Moreover, the role of self-efficacy in relationship between neuroticism and job satisfaction was approved. In people with high level of neuroticism, increasing of self-efficacy increases job satisfaction and decreases job stress. The results emphasize on the necessity of recognizing the mediating role of self-efficacy mediator on examining relationship between neuroticism and stress and job satisfaction.

In recent years, Facebook has quickly become the most common communication tool. Many studies have shown that excessive use, especially addiction to Facebook can lead to devastating effects on individuals social and professional life.With respect to lack of studies in determination and introducing psychological factors of predicting addiction to Facebook, the present study aimed to examine the role of perceived loneliness and social anxiety in addiction to Facebook. This study was conducted with a correlational method. Using convenience sampling, 351 individuals (216 female and 135 male) were selected among users of Facebook in second part of 2014. They were evaluated by short form of the social and emotional loneliness scale for adults (SELSA-S), social anxiety and Bergen addiction to Facebook. Data were analyzed by Multiple Regression method (stepwise). Results showed that there was a meaningful relationship between perceived loneliness, social anxiety and addiction to Facebook. On the whole, physiological symptoms, social loneliness, avoidance and anxiety are the best predictors of addiction to Facebook. Consequently, it can be concluded that perceived loneliness and social anxiety can predict addiction to Facebook.

The necessity to have creativity, career models needing long-term self-management, and decentralized growth of organizational structures can increase the need for applying creative and self-initiated methods. The present study aimed at investigating the role of proactive personality and conscientiousness in feedback seeking mediated by perceived supervisor support. The study population consisted of the official staff and contractual personnel of Bid Boland gas refinery. 260 subjects were selected using the stratified random sampling method. Instruments were Proactive Personality Scale, NEO Personality Inventory (Conscientiousness dimension), Perceived Supervisor Support Scale and Proactive Behavior Questionnaire (Feedback seeking subscale). The assessment of the proposed method was conducted through path analysis. Findings supported the Fitness of the proposed model. Results revealed that perceived supervisor support mediated the effect of proactive personality on Search Feedback seeking.

The present study aimed to examine the effectiveness of forgiveness training program in improving of hope in mothers of children with intellectual and developmental disabilities. The design was the semi-experimental design (pre-test post-test) with a control group. Experimental group was consisted of 15 participants and was matched with 15 mother in the control group. 3 subjects did not continue the study in each group. Data were analyzed with Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA). Results showed that forgiveness training program could improve hopeness in mothers of children with intellectual and developmental disabilities. Regarding the effectiveness of forgiveness training program, instructional interventions could be effective in this group as well as the other neurodevelopmental disabilities.

The present study aimed tocompare the effectiveness of Cognitive Behavioral Group Therapy (CBGT) and Mindfulness and Acceptance-based Group Therapy (MAGT) to reduce the symptoms of social anxiety disorder. The study design was experimental (pretest-posttest) with a control group. The study population was Urmia University students. Using the questionnaires of social interaction anxiety, fear of negative evaluation, structured interview and mental status examination, 59 subjects received the diagnosis of social anxiety. The participants were randomly assigned in 3 groups: control (n=20), group cognitive-behavioral therapy (n=20) and treatment of mindfulness and acceptance (n=19). They completed the questionnaires both in pretest and posttest. Treatment consisted of 12 sessions (each session=90 minutes). After the treatment, the experimental group also responded to multidimensional Client satisfaction survey questionnaire. Results of analysis of covariance showed that both treatments had a significant effect on reducing the symptoms of social anxiety. The results of post hoc tests showed that both treatments had the same impact in reducing social anxiety. It could be concluded that cognitive- behavioral therapy and mindfulness and acceptance treatment have the same efficiency in the reduction of components of social anxiety.

Aim of this study was to determine the mediating role of optimism in the relationship between personality types, religious beliefs, social interest and mental health. The study population consisted all employees at allameh Tabataba’i University. Through random cluster sampling, 157 subjects were selected. They completed Crandalls social interest scale, General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28), Behavioral Patterns scale (type A), Life Orientation Questionnaire-Revised (LOT-R) and Completion of religious beliefs (Mabad). Structural equation modeling was used to assess the mediating effects of optimism in the relationship between personality types, religious beliefs, social interest and mental health. Data were analyzed with AMOS. Findings indicated overall model fit. In the whole model, results also indicated that the relationship between personality types, religious beliefs, social interest and mental health was mediated by optimism.

The aim of this study was to compare aggression and academic adjustment in a variety of attachment styles (secure, avoidancece, and ambivalent anxiety). The population consisted of Karaj graduate students who studied during the educational year of 2015-2016. For this purpose a sample of 211 people were selected using randomized cluster samplings. Then the Adult Attachment Inventory (AAI), Buss-Perry Aggression, Baker and Siryk’s academic adjustment were completed by students. The data were analyzed using t-test and ANOVA. The results showed that the total aggression and also under scale of physical aggression, hostility and anger in secure students were significantly lower than insecure students. (p0/001, t=0/72) also the educational adjustment in these students were significantly higher than insecure students). (p