TGF-β1 protein Expression in the Skeletal Muscle Following High Interval Training and its Relationship with Intramuscular Triglycerides Oxidation

The aim of the present study was to investigate TGF-β1 protein expression in gastronomies muscle following high intensity interval training (HIIT) and its concomitant with oxidation of intramuscular triglycerides (ITGM). Forty male Wister rats (8-week-old) were randomly divided into two control (n=8) and trained (n=32) groups. The trained animals performed one session exercise including ten 2-min intervals at intensity corresponding to 90% of their peak speed with one minute of rest between intervals. The 32 rats from trained animals were dissected at time points of immediately, 3, 10 and 24 hours after the training, their middle gastronomies muscle were exited and blood samples were directly collected from the heart. Adipose triglyceride lipase enzyme (ATGL) and TGF-β1 expressions in middle gastronomies were measured by ELISA technique. Between groups differences were studied by One Way ANOVA test. Protein expressions of TGF-β1 and ATGL in the gastronomies muscle of control group were 8.08±1.2 Pg/mg (total protein) and 0.095±0.01 ng/mg (total protein), respectively. Protein expressions of both factors was significantly higher 10 and 24 hours after high interval training in comparison to the control group (P<0.01). The serum level of TGF-β1 in the control group was 98.2±10.5 ng/ml. It reached to 248±21.3 and 180±14.5 ng/ml immediately and 3 hours after HITT, respectively, and was significantly higher in comparison to the control levels (P<0.01). In response to HIIT, TGF-β1 expression in muscle increases parallel with ATGL enzyme levels. Regarding to the role of ATGL in hydrolyzing of intramuscular triglycerides, TGF-β1 is probably an involved factor in regulating of IMTG oxidation after HIIT.