Effects of Single and Combined Application of Organic and Biological Fertilizers on Quantitative and Qualitative Yield of Anisum (Pimpinella anisum)

In order to study the effects of single and combined applications of biofertilazer and organic fertilizers on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of anisum (Pimpinella anisum), an experiment was conducted based on a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications and fifteen treatments at Research Station, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran, in 2011 year. Treatments were: (1) mycorrhiza (Glomus intraradices), (2) mycorrhiza + cow manure, (3) mycorrhiza + vermicompost, (4) mycorrhiza+ compost, (5) mycorrhiza + chemical fertilizer, (6) biosulfur (Thiobacillus sp.) + Bentonite, 7) biosulfur + chemical fertilizer, (8) biosulfur + cow manure, (9) biosulfur + vermicompost, (10) biosulfur+compost,(11) cow manure, (12) vermicompost, (13) chemical fertilizer (NPK), (14)compost and (15) control. The results showed that application of fertilizer treatments had significant effect on most characteristics of anisum. The highest number of seed per umbelet (7.24), economic yield (1263.4kg/ha) were obtained fram biosulfur treatment. The highest dry matter yield (4504.1 kg/ha) resulted from combined application of biosulfur + chemical fertilizer and the highest harvest index (25.97%) observed in biosulfur+cow manure. The combined application of mycorrhiza affected some qualification traits, as the highest number of umbel per plant (65.7), 1000 seed-weight (3.24 g) and essential oil percentage (5.3%) resulted from combined application of mycorrhiza+chemical fertilizer. In general, it can be concluded that application of organic and biological fertilizer particularly mycorrhiza and biosulfur had a significant effect on improving of quantitative and qualitative characteristics of anisum. Furthermore, the combined application of organic and biological fertilizer had higher positive effects than their single application.