Development level measurement of the Yazd Province townships By using of HDI and TOPSIS Model

Development trends in different countries have different aspects. The process of development of a country is not uniform among provinces and territories. Development of provinces may not fit the trend because of heterogeneous population and economic, social and regional factors. Heterogeneous development and underdevelopment of many regions and provinces of Iran indicate great inequality between provinces of Iran and unequal distribution of the fruits of development throughout the country. In other words, development of Iran in geographic areas due to poor national planning has showed significant differences in the development process. Disparities in development is one of the recent issues has caused by culture of planning. This inequality was the result of multiple factors that cause uneven and unbalanced growth in the region. Unreasonable and disproportionate focus of environmental, social and economic development in the areas will lead to unequal geographical areas, this is reflected in diverse geographical landscape and urban growth. In the face of this development deprivation is a bottlenecks, therefore, there is a necessity of recognizing the diversity and complexity of development and deprivation.
This present type is applied and in contrast to the traditional approach, study space and inequality without understanding the role of creators of space and socioeconomic mechanisms is not possible. In this regard, the use of quantitative models by conceptual geography and environmental behavior as one of the principles in development planning is important. This study has a developmental nature – Applications and combination of research methods are analytical – descriptive. The purpose of this study is identifying the capabilities and limitations of development and poverty in social indicators, economic in Yazd province, which is examined considering to spatial statistics. For the purpose of defining statistical data criteria for each city in Yazd were established by software Grafer, GIS and Excel model TOPSIS and HDI. The aim this research is opportunities and strong identifies of economic and social development indexes of Yazd province that has been study by using is spatial statistic techniques.
Findings: In order to compile the final approach strategic planning is necessary and all factors should be considered as part of the strategic planning process.
Thus, considering to environment is one way to support major strategic planning for joint decision-making and using a systematic analysis of internal and external factors. In this study, taking into account a series of factors is the most important strategic methods. One of the best models of multi-attribute decision making method is TOPSIS. The results show that the county Khatam, Meibod and Saduq are most deprived and center (Yazd) is most developed city in the province. In terms of value equal to0/973 percent and the TOPSIS city of Yazd city seal with the rate of 0/017 percent are the highest and lowest. HDI method is one of the most widely used methods in the study of the geography of the area. United Nations program entitled "UNDP" to rank 130 countries in terms of human resource development. And HDI statistics of Yazd city is 0.26 percent as the most developed city and Khatam HDI equal to 1 as the poorest city in the province. Also, the HDI of Tabas city and Mehriz city are 0.56 and 0.59 percent respectively which indicate the intermediate level of development and poverty among the other township. So to prioritize, townships of Khatam, Saduq and Meibod suffer from deprivation the most. Therefore, these regions can be the first priority for future studies.
The results of the distribution (infrastructure, facilities, services and so on) in the cities of the province showed a lack of coordination and geographical areas capabilities.
So identifying the current status and position of each city in terms of development and comparing them to each other considered as the first step in planning for the elimination of inequalities and regional imbalances. These differences indicate the need for planning and implementation of targeted programs and projects for an integrated and balanced development.