CONGENITAL FACIAL NERVE PARALYSIS

Mc Hugh has reported that incidence of neonatal facial nerve Paralysis in 1969, has been 0.23%.
Infantile facial nerve paralysis has been categorized to three groups: 1- Congenital (Developemental) facial nerve paralysis
2- Prenatal acquired facial nerve paralysis.
3- Postnatal acquired facial nerve paralysis
The Mobius syndrome may be the most famous among the causes of congenital facial nerve paralysis. Many suggest the vascular theory for Mobius syrdome. This syndrome has a wide range of clinicopathological signs and symptoms from unilateral facial nerve paralysis to bilateral Facial and Cranial nerve VI paralysis.
The involvement of other cranial nerves (IX, X, XII) also have been reported. Few reports suggest the autosomal dominant inheritance of this syndrome and few families presented which several of their members in different generation were disabled with this syndrome. In our research of the literature, we did not found any report about two siblings who are affected by this syndrome. In our cases, family history was negative. Their mother have no history of thalidomide or misoprostol use or rubella during preganacy. The first case is an 18 - year - old male and his right facial nerve is paralyzed. His EMG and NCV shows no response in right side. In his temporal bone CT scan, the mastoidian segment of right facial nerve is narrower than contralateral side. The second case is a 16.5 - year - old female and her left facial nerve is paretic. She has been operated for her strabismus when she was 9 - year - old. Her EMG and NCV shows decreased response in left side. In her temporal bone CT scan, the mastoidan segment of left facial nerve is narrower than right side.