Investigation and Optimization Effects of ultrasound waves to produce Ganoderic acid, anti-cancer mushrooms metabolite

Ganoderma lucidum is a main source of ganoderic acid. This metabolite has pharmaceutical effects such as cancer treatment. However, due to low yields and high prices, clinical application is difficult. Stimulants such as elicitor and mechanical shocks can be used to increase the produce of ganoderic acid effectively. This study aimed to investigate the effect of ultrasound on the production of this medicine.
In this study, a liquid culture of the fungus treated with the once and twice at 20 and 200 seconds of sound with a frequency of 50 kHz and constant output power in ultrasonic bath was investigated. After extraction of ganoderic acid and ensure of positive impact of shock, to optimize variables, response surface methodology was used. In this method, 17 experiments with three variables, the first time ultrasound (4, 5, 6 days), the second ultrasound (7, 8, 9 days) and time of ultrasound (60, 180, 300 seconds) by Design Expert software were designed and done.
The results showed that the effects of ultrasound stimulation with twice 274 seconds treatment on days 4 and 7 were established highest ganoderic acid production. By comparing samples with control (without sound) Increase in extracellular ganoderic acid to intracellular ratio was determined. In optimum conditions, 34% increase in GA production relative to the control sample was observed.
Ultrasound can be used as a non-chemical and cheap stimulus, increase ganoderic acid production.