Security in Shiite Jurisprudence: Case Study of Iran during the Qajar era (before the revolution)

Security is among fundamental concepts of political science that according to many political thinkers it is considered as a part of existential philosophy of government and guarantee of their survival. And some deem the government's main duty as to provide security. In the Holy Quran, the conduct and the Hadith of the Prophet and the Imams there is ample documentation indicating the importance of this concept in Islam. Shiite scholars in different historical periods are always looking for the security of Shiite religious and political community, and they used different legal rules and principles of methodology based on the Quran and Imams (AS) in securing the Shiite community. Reservation, probate matters, the obligatory introduction, Enjoining good and forbidding wrong and protect the Islamic community are among the rules and principles that scholars have used to prove the necessity of security for the country and the Shiite community. In this regard, scholars and jurisprudents Shiite Iran during the Qajar period, considering sociopolitical situation in this age, affiliation and Qajar rulers tyranny, colonialism risk of major powers and the occurrence of two major wars between Iran and Russia have paid special attention to maintaining the independence and security of the Muslim community. And in part from their fatwa, they directly or indirectly maintained order and security of lives and property of the Shia Muslim community. This article analyzes the verdicts of Qajar era jurisprudents before the revolution, theoretical and practical manner in order to create security in Iran's society. The type of research is analytical and research method is content analysis.