Investigation and analysis of the role of dams in Instability of rural areas. Case study: Sufi Chay Basin

The dam, as one of the hydrological structures, has imposed to rural areas many debates and problems on population deployment, the type and quality of livelihoods, and how to exploit natural resources such as water and soil. Recognizing and analyzing these effects in describing the unsustainable rural development process and the necessity of its transformation with regard to the dominant position of the villages is very useful. Accordingly, the principles of sustainable development are the theoretical basis of this research. In this study, the Alavian Dam in the Sufi Chai basin of Maragheh city and in the catchment area of Lake Urmia has been considered in line with the overall objective. The main objective of this study is to investigate and analyze the relationship between dams construction with unstable conditions in affected villages, as well as to provide appropriate solutions for managing resources in the Sufi Chay Basin. The type of research in terms of the purpose is an applied research, and is based on the method of the research is a descriptive-analytic research. In order to conduct a real analysis of villages affected by the dam, according to different characteristics, from a total of 59 villages in the basin, 44 villages were selected as samples. The statistical population of the study is 18669 households and 67553 people. The sample was computed using Cochran's formula of 386 households and finally increased to 433 households in order to increase the reliability of the sample. According to the one-sample t-test, the effects of the dam on economic, socio-cultural and environmental-physical variables have been evaluated at an unsustainable level. Based on the results of the structural equation model, the domains that were the most insensitive factor in the three studied areas,
Therefore, the development and implementation of an integrated and complete management plan for Sufi Chay watershed resources has been proposed to moderate the negative impacts of the dam.