Ideological movements involved in Afghanistan's criminal-legislative policy

The dominant thoughts and ideal beliefs have always been the generators of specific ideologies in the target societies. The continuation of this ideology increases its mobility and current feature. In the last three centuries, this word, under the influence of the ideas of thinkers of this time, has created a special dynamism in human habitat. Ideological movements based on liberalism and Marxism, describing the confrontation over the concept of justice and individual freedoms, have been among the ideologies involved in the general policies of human societies in general and criminal policies in particular. Criminal policy, as a technique and art of fighting against crime in Afghanistan, has also been influenced by these two ideologies. This country, during the governments of Davood Khan, Babrak Karmal, Hafiz Amin and Dr. Najib, due to the influence of the Marxist movement through the channels of countries such as the former Soviet Union, China and Iran, had its own criminal-legislative policy; But it could not be valid. Afghanistan has not been without its experience of totalism. Hence, the culmination of totalism appeared in the rise of the Taliban and its fossilizied laws, and it still exists more or less. The emersion of the ideology of Talibanism was the result of the failure of the Mujahideen in the discourse of political Islamism over power and its division. Afghanistan was not lack of the influence of Western liberalism on its criminal-legislative policy and during the rule of Amanullah Khan (1929-1929), the decade of democracy (1963-1973) and the beginning of the transitional government in 2003 under the leadership of Hamid Karzai, showed its legislative fidelity to the principles of the above current.