The Relationship between the Tendency towards Commodity Smuggling and the Role of Cultural Homogeneity in Strengthening the Culture of Profitability and Weakening the Culture of Work

This study aims at examining the relation between the tendency towards commodity smuggling and the role of cultural homogeneity in strengthening the culture of profitability and weakening the culture of work in border cities of Kermanshah the province. According to the nature of the subject and the intended objectives, the present research design is a descriptive survey research. The statistical population of the study is all the citizens who have been involved in commodity smuggling from 2019 to 2020 in the border cities of Kermanshah the province. Using Cochran's formula to determine the sample size, the acceptable number was 385 people who were selected through random selection sampling method. Structural equation modeling was used to investigate the main purpose of the research. Our collected data were then analyzed through SPSS version 22 and Lisrel modeling software. According to the obtained fit indices, it was found that the developed model has a good fit. Cultural homogeneity showed a significant effect on increasing the tendency towards commodity smuggling. It means that cultural homogeneity has been able to mediate significantly between the culture of profitability and weakening the culture of work. The culture of profitability with a path coefficient of 0.68 and the cultural homogeneity between the two borders with a path coefficient of 0.71 had the highest coefficients of the influence of the path. The RMSEA index was within the standard and the model of tendency towards commodity smuggling and the culture of profitability and weakening the culture of work mediated by the cultural homogeneity between the two borders in the border cities of Kermanshah the province was fit. The highest coefficients of the influence of the path belonged to the culture of profitability (0.68), cultural homogeneity between the two borders (0.71), and weakening the culture of work (0.66). One of the practical results of this study is demonstrating the significant relation between the cultural homogeneity of the residents of the two bordering areas and the culture of profitability in these areas and how this homogeneity has brought about the tendency towards commodity smuggling in these areas. The model worked out of this study can be useful and effective in planning and implementing some educational programs and cultural preventive policies to decrease the tendency towards commodity smuggling in border areas.