Causes, contexts and consequences of verbal harassment in the viewpoint of the Ilam ‎university female students

Verbal harassment is a form of street harassment in particular and a form of violence ‎against women in general in which the women in different societies, including Iran, ‎experience in different ways and endanger their psychological, mental and objective ‎security. Its adverse effects on women's social activity and the induction of an ‎environment saturated with insecurity make it necessary for them to study women's ‎experience in this regard. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the reasons ‎and contexts of street harassment, coping strategies and the consequences of this type of ‎harassment of female students in urban spaces using the research method of grounded ‎theory using semi-structured interview technique and the data obtained. Using the features ‎of Maxqda quality data analysis software, the 2018 version has been analyzed. In the open ‎coding stage, 298 meaningful statements and 97 basic concepts were obtained. In the ‎axial coding stage, 45 subcategories and 20 axial categories were identified by combining ‎the concepts, and by understanding the implications of the concepts and categories, the ‎core category was explored. The results of the study indicate "learned inability" and the ‎habituation of the role of "passive victim" for girls, which helps to strengthen the contexts ‎and conditions full of components of patriarchal culture. The overall output of the ‎research should be analyzed under the core category of research, namely, "the ritualization ‎of women's repression and silence", which cultivates forms of deviant subculture.‎