Investigation of Changes in the Ancient Areas of Hegmataneh of Hamadan using Remote Sensing and Spatial Information System

The issue of defining the area or correct the location of an area is one of the important factors in the protection of ancient sites and one of the important issues in the field of cultural heritage. However, since these areas are not located correctly and with real coordinates, they have been trespassed and their vague boundaries have been modified. In this regard, this research has evaluated the changes in the area of ​​the ancient hill of Hegmataneh in different periods by using the facilities and tools of remote sensing and photogrammetry. Using aerial images, a map of the changes and trends of the ancient hill of Hegmataneh was produced and it was determined that it is easy to re-read the information of very distant years with high accuracy. In this regard, the images of 1935, 1956, 1972, 1998 and 2002 were evaluated with high accuracy coefficient (85, 89, 82, 80 and 58%, respectively). The results showed that the use of satellite imagery alone (landsat images) is not enough for the development of research related to cultural heritage and historical buildings, and the reason is its low temporal resolution. As found in this study, an 84-year period was studied that demonstrates the power of aerial imagery in archaeological studies. On the other hand, the high resolution of aerial images has made it very easy to map the area of ​​Hegmataneh in different years.