Macrocosm and microcosm

In this paper the philosophico-gnostic meaning of microcosm, i.e. an understanding of human being lncluding all parts of macrocosm, has been brought into consideration. At first the background of the subject in ancient Greek, Iran, India as well as in Jewish culture has been briefly mentioned. Then the views of Muslim Philosophers have been regarded in details. The opinions of the great Muslim gnostics , particalarly those of Jalal al-Din Rumi and Muhy al-Din Ibn Arabi, have been introduced. Finally, an analytico-comparative survey on the subject have been offered.