ОБРАЗЫ «ИСТИННОГО ГРАЖДАНИНА» И «ПАТРИОТА» В РУССКОМ ПРОПОВЕДНИЧЕСКОМ ДИСКУРСЕ ПОСЛЕДНЕЙ ЧЕТВЕРТИ XVIII ВЕКА

The article is devoted to the analysis of the concepts of citizen and patriot in Russian preaching literature of the last quarter of the 18th century, mainly on the example of the “court sermons” of Damaskin, Bishop of Nizhny Novgorod and Alatyr (1737–1795). These little-known sources significantly supplement and change the traditional ideas about the range of interpretations and elaboration of the theoretical constructs of the Western European Enlightenment in Russia of this period, leading a discussion of the content of basic concepts such as "love for one's country", "common good", "citizen", "patriot" , from the limited space of rhetorical poetry and other widely used texts, interpreted within the framework of "monarchist patriotism". The author of the article examines the semantic shifts in the content of this range of concepts of Russian intellectual culture of this period in the context of the transfer of ideas of Western European enlighteners and the transformation of the value system of the transitional era. The author concludes that the expansion of the genre spectrum of the studied texts makes it possible to see not only significant parallels and similarities associated with the development of the relevant pan-European educational ideological blocks in the spirit of "political theology", but also important semantic differences that arise in the field of the national cultural code.