Investigating the psychological effects of employment of physical education graduates of Islamic Azad University

The role of environmental factors on health is gradually being recognized and approved by health systems around the world. One of these social factors affecting mental and physical health is unemployment. The existing empirical literature focuses more on the psychological consequences of unemployment than the physical one. In summary, the most important findings in the field of mental health are that unemployed people have less mental health (1), higher scores on substance abuse characteristics. , Have emotional and anxiety disorders, physical symptoms of illness, depression and suicidal thoughts and unsuccessful suicide attempts against their working counterparts (2).The importance of psychological characteristics and the effects of employment and unemployment on psychological characteristics is such that various researches have been done in this field and different results have been obtained. For example, Hackman and Mousso (2014) in a study showed that men Unemployed people were more depressed than employed men and needed more psychological help. They also showed more psychological symptoms, which indicates the importance of work for men (12). In another study in this regard, Naibi and Rameshgar (1396) showed that employed people have better mental health than unemployed people (2).All of the above shows the importance of work on life and especially mental health of people and employment has a major impact on various aspects, including personal and psychological issues. However, a review of research conducted inside and outside the country did not find a study that examined the psychological effects of the employment of physical education graduates. Also, the ambiguity regarding the study of the psychological effects of the employment of physical education graduates of the Islamic Azad University has caused that there is no strong and accurate evidence in this regard today. For this reason, the researcher is trying to answer the question, what are the psychological effects of the employment of physical education graduates of the Islamic Azad University?

The present research is an application and a survey that was conducted in the field. To conduct this research, among all graduates of physical education and sports sciences in the comprehensive units of the Islamic Azad University of Iran from 2011 to 2020 (approximately 4140 people) by cluster-stratified sampling method using Cochran's formula 352 people They were selected as a sample and then a researcher-made questionnaire designed according to the Delphi method was distributed and collected among them. This questionnaire had 18 questions that assessed mental health (4 questions), mental focus (3 questions), mental comfort (4 questions), interpersonal interactions (4 questions), life expectancy (3 questions) of physical education graduates Islamic Azad University had paid. Finally, descriptive statistics and structural equation methods using SPSS and PLS software were used to analyze the data.

The results showed that all research variables have a significant presence in the research model due to having a significance level higher than 1.96 (Table 1). It was also found that the research variables have good validity and the research model has a good fit in all indicators (Table 3).

Regarding the findings of the present study, it can be said that the choice of job depends on factors such as personal values, environmental realities, emotional factors and educational opportunities. On the other hand, job satisfaction plays a decisive role in life satisfaction and all human behaviors and relationships are directly and indirectly affected by how they are employed. In addition, the level of self-confidence in many cases in relation to the degree of success in the job and how the job is appropriate, is established with his other characteristics (14).on the other hand, argues in his theory that the benefits of covert employment are related to the basic human needs, the deep needs that are essential to maintaining the comfort of human mental health. Having a job, especially having a job that serves social values and meets the economic needs of the individual, leads to cohesion, identity, increased self-esteem and mental health in the individual. Employment provides a platform in which individuals regularly participate in group situations. Based on this, it can be said that the amount of membership in a group or social network causes positive mental states such as self-confidence, purposefulness, sense of belonging, sense of security and self-worth, which these positive mental states through the instrument Things like reducing psychological frustration, increasing motivation to take care of oneself, reducing volatile neural responses, and increasing immune function can all affect people's mental health (17).