Legal challenges - criminological resumption of proceedings in Iranian law and explaining its geopolitical dimensions

In legal terminology, the review of the merits of a lawsuit adjudicated by the court issuing the judgment is called retrial. In fact, in order for the judgment of the courts to be error-free, retrial is foreseen. Resumption of proceedings in civil and criminal matters is of such serious importance that the correctness of the definitive verdict has been seriously doubted. Unlike other ways of complaining about votes, retrial is the only way that is completed in two stages of proceedings. Based on this, the current research under the title of the challenges of retrial in Iranian law examines the challenges in retrial in Iranian law. The research method is descriptive-analytical. The results of the research show that: Articles (272 to 276) of the Law of Procedure of the Courts are dedicated to the regulation of resumption of proceedings. Retrial is one of the extraordinary ways to complain about judgments before the Supreme Court, by which the defendant presents reasons that were secret at the time of the judgment, or about the disproportion of the punishment to the crime due to the mistake of the judge, or due to a new law. is based on the reduction of the punishment, requests to undermine the certainty of the sentence and re-examine it in the court and correct it.