External decontamination in nuclear accidents

When Nuclear accidents occur in many types such as, bombing in nuclear power plant and non intentional leakage of nuclear agents or applied radioactive weapons, number of people and personal may be contaminated. Thus in this time essential efforts are: - Save of victims and injured patients by CPR - Contamination Detection in all victims and patients - At the end, decontamination of injured patients Skin external contamination include: Body orifice, Eyes, Ears, Nose, Mouth, Hair, Nails. In the most of nuclear disasters, essential activity is remove any radioactive material from skin. 4 kinds of radio nuclide effects against skin or skin reaction in low and high radiation dose(<3 Gy), (3 -5 Gy), (<5 Gy) include: Erythema, linear structural changes in skin dermis, finger trip disappearing, basal layer damage, skin scaling and the end ulcer and necrosis. Washing and local cleaning of intact skin is enough in Nuclear disasters and in wonder injured skin we must covered all clean skin areas with waterproof covers. Of course, contaminated area must be washed softly with soft brush and warm water or detergent agents near to center of contaminated areas to reduce contamination releasing. Use of antiseptic agents and abrasive material example adhesive tapes and particular solution as a decontamination agents, can be damaged to horny layer of skin.