Study of Speech Parts in Joneyd-nameh

One of the useful tools for analyzing the mechanism of narratives, especially folk tales, is the method of Todorov. This method has been used for analyzing mythical narratives. Todorov considered different aspects of these stories and in doing so he divided their various speech parts into the categories of noun, adjective and verb. Thus by analyzing narratives we can gain formal units which resemble various parts of grammar.This paper studies speech parts in “Joneyd-nameh” and tries to understand reciprocal relations between “Joneyd-nameh” characters. To achieve this aim, first it explains Todorov’s theory of speech parts. Then speech parts like noun (character), verb (treatment) and adjective (property) are considered in “Joneyd-nameh” and, finally, the relation of each character of the story is analyzed with regard to these parts.The study of this property contributes to our understanding of the organization of narrative as well as the chain of relationships between characters on which the story is based.