فصلنامه پژوهشهای زراعی در حاشیه کویر
سال دهم شماره 1 (بهار 1392)

This experiment was carried out at varamin region in 2013. This experiment was carried out at factorial in randomized complete blocks design with three replications. Zinc sulphate in three levels including 0, 25 and 50 kg per ha-1 and iron sulphate in three levels including (0, 5 and 10 kg per ha-1. Results showed that with zinc application compare to control treatment grain yield was increasing that with 10 kg Zn per ha-1 that rate was equal to 6753.5 kg.ha-1. The most iron uptake was obtained with 5 and 10 kg Fe per ha-1. The highest Zn uptake was observed with 10 kg Zn per ha-1. The maximum grain yield equal to 6832.27 and 6960.71 kg.ha-1 was produced at interaction of 5 and 10 kg Fe ha-1 for 50 kg Zn per ha-1. The highest harvest index was obtained at interaction of 10 kg Fe use per ha-1 with 50 kg Zn per ha-1. Treatment interactions showed that the most iron concentration equal to 115.4 and 117.23 ppm was obtained for 10 kg Fe per ha-1 with 25 and 50 kg Zn per ha-1. The maximum Zn concentration was observed at interaction of 5 kg Fe per ha-1 for 50 kg Zn per ha-1. The maximum P concentration was produced at interaction of 10 kg Fe use per ha-1 with 50 kg Zn per ha-1. The most Fe concentration was observed at interaction of 10 kg Fe use per ha-1 for 50 kg Zn per ha-1.Therefore, application of zinc and iron sulphate due to increase quantity and quality yield of corn.

This study has been done for Evaluation of trend changes in grain yield and characteristics physiological in 15 different bread wheat which have been produced between 1930 -2008. It has been done block random and three times repeat on the farm in research cultivating and sowing institution in 2010 2011. Average analyze of squares showed that there are some clear differenced between Genotypes for major of studied items and specification and in statistics. Checking the changing processions in the meantime shows that the action of harvest index, Biologycal yield, Plant height, Weight of 1000 grains, Number of grain in spike, Number of grain in m2, Days to heading, Days to anthesis, Days to physiological, its weight has accelerated during time. However, Physiological attributes including crop growth rate increased in recent varieties in comparison with the older cultivars but the similar trend was not found for relative crop rate in recent varieties.

Effects of planting date on performance and parts of performance of promising (hopeful) lines of an experiment in the shape of shattered plots in the form of blocks of complete random with 4 repetitions in a farm in Shushtar was implemented in summer in agronomical year of 2007-2008.Experimental treatments consisted of three dates of planting dates-9th, 19th 29th of Tir and the lines under investigation included VC6153B-20G, VC6372 and VC6173A. Moreover, Parto cultivars were taken as the witness. The tissue of soil was loam clay. the results of this experiment pointed out that the history effect of planting date and variety was significant whit the level of one percent. Like wise. The greatest grain performance to the amount of 3575 kg.ha was obtained through both planting date of Tir 29th and the variety of VC6153B20G.The It seems that among the performance parts it is the number of case in the bush and grain in the case that has a greater role in enhancing the performance in contrast to other performance parts.

Application of organic fertilizers plays in paddy field an important role to reduce application of chemical fertilizers to achieved sustainable development in rice fields. Therefore, in order to investigate the effect of organic and chemical fertilizer on yield and yield components of rice and reduce of chemical fertilizer, an experiment was carried out on Randomized Complete Blocks Design with 8 treatments and three replications on yield and yield components under SRI method in Rice Research Institute (Amol) in 2010. Experiment treatment was such as: organic and chemical fertilizers such as Azola compost (9 ton.ha), Biol555 organic fertilizer (2 ton.ha) and chemical fertilizers containing NPK. Result showed that these treatments effected on grain yield significantly at 1% error level. The most grain yield (6639.5 kg.ha) by application of 2 ton.ha Biol555 organic fertilizer. Yield components analysis showed increasing in number of blank spikelet per panicle and decreasing in grain yield by application of mixed organic and chemical fertilizers treatments. The most harvest index was observed in SRI1 and the least harvest index was obtained in SRI5. There for, it's necessary optimize chemical fertilizers application, particularly replacement them with organic fertilizer.

To estimate genetic progress and the variation in grain yield and characteristics associated with yield in facultative and winter bread wheat varieties in during past 50 years in Iran in 15 wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars with facultative and winter growth habit released in Iran between the 1930 and 2010, a field experiment was conducted using randomized complete block design with three replications at the Seed and Plant Improvement Institute’s Research Field Station in Karaj, during the 2010-2011 crop cycle. The results indicated that Navid cultivar with yield of 5.13 ton/ha and the Shah-pasand cultivar with 2.06 ton/ha had the highest and lowest yields. Performance of emulsion carbohydrates peduncle and internode under peduncle with annual changes was increased up to 0.349 and 0.107 ml gr/gr annually. Trend of temporal variation in the traits measured revealed that yield components including number of seed per spike, harvest index have increased in more recent released cultivars, however, thousand grain weight, Days of heading and Height has decreased, in comparison with the older cultivars.

In order to evaluation of simultaneous cropping and cultivator in different stages of growth on corn protein content grain yield and yield components in Esfahan. A stripe plot arrangement of treatment in a randomized complete block design with three replications was used. Cultivator is considered as a main factor with 3 levels: (C1= not cultivator application, C2= application of cultivator in 30 cm stage of corn, C3= application of cultivator in 60 cm stage of corn) and treatment of simultaneous cropping is considered as sub factor in 5 levels: (S1= Cultivation of pure corn, S2= Cultivation of corn alfa-alfa, S3= Cultivation of corn mung bean, S4= Cultivation of corn cowpea, S5= Cultivation of corn soybean) were assigned in sub plots. Each sub plot consisted of 4 rows, 6 m long with 60 cm between rows space and 20 cm between plants on the rows and S.C 704 hybrid was used. The result have shown that the effect of cultivator application was significant on wet weight of ear, total biomass, dry weight of ear and husk, number of ear per m2, number of grain per m2 and Harvest index of ear. Simultaneous cropping affect on dry weight of ear and husk, number of ear per m2, protein content and width of ear leaf. The maximum and minimum of total biomass (19.48 and 17.19 ton ha-1) were obtained with the not application of cultivator in 30 cm of corn plants and application of cultivator in 60 cm stage of corn plants, respectively. In the treatment of Simultaneous cropping as the least and most amount of protein content with an average 14.94 and 15.85 %, were pure corn cultivation and treatment of Simultaneous cropping (corn mung bean), respectively.

To study the effects of Dioxcid Titanium and nitrogen fertilizer on qualitative and quantitative characteristics of Triticale under filtering by plant and cadmium pollution, an experiment was conducted as factorial based on RCBD with three replications at research field and greenhouse of Islamic Azad University, Varamin Branch, in 2012. Experimental factors were spraying (normal, balk, 0.01% Dioxcid Titanium and 0.02% Dioxcid Titanium) and Nitrogen Biological fertilizer (lack of fertilizer, Azetobacter, Azosprilium, Azorizobium). Analysis of variance showed significant differences for CAT, SOD, RWC, Grain yield under Dioxcid Titanium and Nitrogen fertilizer and it didn’t show significant differences for CAT, SOD, RWC under interaction between Dioxcid Titanium and Nitrogen fertilizer.

In order to study of effect of foliar application of vermi wash, bio ferment and different methods of plant nutrition on oil percentage in sunflower, this study was carried out in field of Payam Nour Arak University in Markazi province in 2013. A factorial arrangement of treatment in a randomized complete block design with three replications was used. Nutrition methods [N1= 300 Kg ha-1 Urea (Control), N2= 50% of nutrition by Urea 50% of nutrition by FAM (15 ton ha-1), N3= 50% of nutrition by FAM 50% of nutrition by nitrogen fixation of phaseolus sp), N4= 50% of nutrition by Urea 50% of nutrition by nitrogen fixation of phaseolus sp) and plant bio-stimulants (B1= Foliar with wermiwash, N2= Foliar with enrich wermiwash, N3= Foliar with bioferment, N4= Foliar with effective microorganisms quail egg) was assigned in plots. Each sub plot consisted of 4 rows, 5 m long with 50 cm between rows space and 25 cm between plants on the rows. In this study characteristics such as Plant height, head diameter, wet biomass weight, weight of head, harvest index, number of grain per head and oil content were assessed. Results indicated that the effect of different levels of nutrition methods on the characteristics such as: plant height, head diameter, wet biomass weight, weight of head, and oil content were significant. Effect of plant biostimulants treatment on the characteristics such as: head diameter, wet biomass weight, harvest index, number of grain per head and oil content were significant, too. The maximum and minimum of oil content (35.64 and 30.99 %) was obtained with the (50% of nutrition by Urea 50% of nutrition by nitrogen fixation of phaseolus sp) and (50% of nutrition by Urea 50% of nutrition by animal manure) treatments, respectively. In the treatment of bio stimulate as the most and least amount of oil content with an average 35/24 and 33/17 %, were spray of vermiwash and (effective microorganism quail Egg), respectively.