فصلنامه مددکاری اجتماعی
سال پنجم شماره 16 (تابستان 1395)

Emotional divorce has very bad persistent effects on victims, therefore recognizing of risk factors is very important. Domestic violence against women plays an important role in the occurrence of emotional divorce. It seems that one of the main reasons for emotional divorce is domestic violence against women. This study is aimed to investigate the relationship between violence against women with emotional divorce among married women in Tehran.
This study is an analytical-correlation study that studies the relationship between domestic violence against women and emotional divorce. The study population consisted of all married women in Tehran in 2016. Cluster sampling (multi-stage) was used for choosing married women who are living with their husbands. The estimated sample involves 402 persons. To collect data, Guttmann emotional divorce questionnaire (2000) and HAJ YAHYA domestic violence against women questionnaire (1988) were used. Data analysis was done after collecting them by SPSS software version 22 and the use of Pearson, Spearman and logistic regression analysis statistical tests.
Results showed that there is a significant positive relationship between violence against women and emotional divorce; and dimensions of domestic violence against women predict between 40.2 to 53.7 percent of variance changes of emotional divorce. Among the demographic variables, economic and social status had a significant positive correlation with emotional divorce; and there was no significant relationship between age, duration of marriage and number of children with emotional divorce.
Domestic violence against women imposes severe problems to the family. In order to reduce emotional divorce and formal divorce; more attention are needed by women experiencing domestic violence. The results of this study suggest to policy makers and planners who working with families and women to pay attention to the role of domestic violence against women and focus on emotional divorce and use it in their social policy planning and related interventions in the health sector. The formulation of policies and related interventions can also help to reduce the official divorce statistics.

Because female-headed households due to divorce, death, addiction and downtime wife, are considered among the vulnerable population This research aimed to investigate the effect of cognitive self-compassion training on self-efficacy in women headed house -holds.
This research was a queasy-experimental with a pre-test and post-test design with an experimental and control groups. The statistical population included all women headed households of Rasht city in 2015. Thirty women were selected by available sampling method and randomly assigned to two groups (each group contain 15 person). The experimental group received 8 sessions of 90 minutes educated by cognitive self-compassion training and control group didn’t receive any training. The groups completed the questionnaire of self-efficacy as a pre-test and post-test. The data were analyzed by analysis of covariance method with using of SPSS19 software.
The results showed there was significant difference between Cognitive Self-Compassion training group and control group on variables of self-efficacy. On the other hand cognitive self-compassion training led to significant increase self-efficacy of women headed house -holds. (P Regarded to results of this research suggest that counselors, therapists and clinical psychologist can use cognitive self-compassion training method for improving self-efficacy of women headed households.

Many parents do not have sufficient knowledge of self parenting and children's behavioral problems do not have the skills to manage properly; If the correct teaching positive parenting skills to parents such problems can be reduced; therefore,The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of positive parenting skills training on parenting and behavioral problems in children of women heads of household efficacy city of Yazd.
Methody: This quasi-experimental study (pretest-posttest control group). The study population consisted of all female-headed households was the city of Yazd in 2015, among which 30 persons were selected using purposive sampling and randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups (n=15 per group) were replaced. Educational intervention based on positive parenting skills training package Sanders for eight sessions for groups (45 minutes per session for two months) was applied. Parental self-efficacy questionnaire (1996) and Rutter behavioral problems questionnaire (1975) was used as pre-test and post-test. Using multivariate analysis of covariance data were analyzed in SPSS version 19.
According to the results, positive parenting skills and parental influences on self-efficacy, but have no effect on children's behavioral problems. (P It seems that positive parenting can be taught the technique of choice to increase parental self-employed women; But this method can not be used in children with behavior problems alone.

Identification in teens is not an automatic and voluntary events but can be influenced by various intra and inter personal, and social factors such as family atmosphere and its dynamics relations and the concept of self-differentiation. This study was conducted to determine process of self-differentiation in teenagers by the cohesion and flexibility in the family.
This research is a correlational study and population consisted of all ninth to twelfth grades male students in high school in Tehran in 2015-2016 school calendar. Of these samples, 231 participant were selected by multistage cluster sampling, and then they responded to the scales of cohesion and family flexibility and self-differentiation. Data was analysed by descriptive and inferential statistical methods. (regression analysis)
According to the findings, higher self-differentiation correlates with higher cohesion and flexibility. So cohesion and flexibility can determine and predict self-differentiation in male teens.
These findings show that if parents can regulate cohesion and flexibility as dimensions of their family relationship they can help their children to reach a proper self-differentiation and decrease the risk of problems may they have in their life. Meanwhile because this study is limited to male student in a city, more studies in this field should confirm our results.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of emotion regulation training on cognitive emotional regulation, loneliness and social intimacy in women with addicted spouse.
Experimental method, pre-test and post-test with control group was used in current research. Statistical population of this research consist all women with addicted spouse referring to Ardabil welfare organization in second half of 2015. Thirty person were selected by convenience sampling, and randomly assigned in experimental (15 people) and control (15 people) groups. The experiment group was admitted to cognitive emotion regulation in 8 sessions and the control group also was at waiting list and admitted to no intervention. the cognitive emotional regulation scale, loneliness scale and social intimacy scale used for data gathering. The collected data was analyzed by multiple covariance analyze variance (MANCOVA).
Results showed that after controlling effects of pretest, there was significant differences between two groups in posttest means of cognitive emotional regulation (F=81/63; P Emotion regulation training on cognitive emotion regulation, loneliness and social intimacy with addicted husband has been effective. Thus, according to the findings, emotion regulation training can be used to reduce the problems of women and other family members of addicts.

Some of prisoners have interpersonal problems more than others. In this study the effect of alexithymia construct on the interpersonal problems will be discussed among the prisoners.
In this study, 384 prisoners in the central prison of Kerman were investigated; who had at least once interpersonal problems against themselves, other prisoners or social workers. They selected according to the purposive sample. All subjects completed the standard questionnaires; including Toronto alexithymia scale and the interpersonal problems. It predicted probability of interpersonal problems by providing people with alexithymia in prison.
The results based on the Pearson correlation test show a significant positive correlation between these two variables. Predictor variables include three subscales of alexithymia (difficulty identifying feelings, difficulty describing feelings and externally oriented thinking). Also Criterion variables include total score and factors of interpersonal problems. The results revealed that the facets of alexithymia can predict interpersonal problems among prisoners.
Based on the results we proposed the treatment of IPT to the training of IPT to social workers and psychologists on reduction of communicational abnormalities among the prisoners in Kerman.