فصلنامه مددکاری اجتماعی
سال دوازدهم شماره 43 (بهار 1402)

The Social Care System (SCS) for students is a plan that has been developed to prevent and control social harm towards students in schools across Iran. The plan has been implemented in schools and focuses on the role of social workers. It is important to identify any challenges or problems that may arise with the implementation of this plan to ensure that it can be evaluated and reviewed effectively. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to discover and explore any potential challenges associated with the SCS for students. 

This is a qualitative study conducted in Kerman, Iran in 2023, using a phenomenological approach. The study includes interviews with thirty participants who are familiar with the plan, including students, teachers, and school counselors. The interviews were conducted in a semi-structured manner, and the data collected was analyzed using thematic analysis.

The research objective has led to the construction of three key themes, which are discussed below. The first theme is "Policy Weaknesses," which includes several subcategories such as programs lacking continuity, infrastructure, coordination, and qualified staff. The second theme is "Content Weaknesses," which includes issues such as content being unfit for the culture and understanding of the target audience, and the lack of a rethinking approach. The third theme is "Implementation Obstacles," which encompasses challenges related to school ambassadors, students, school domain limitations, and family problems.

In conclusion, revising the content and implementation methods of the student's social care system can make it more effective in controlling and preventing social problems.

Muscular dystrophy is a common genetic condition that causes progressive loss of physical function. This study seeks to explore the lived experiences of boys with muscular dystrophy in Kermanshah.

The research methodology used in this study is phenomenological. The sample size consists of ten boys diagnosed with muscular dystrophy in Kermanshah. The sampling method was purposive, and data was collected through in-depth interviews.

Based on the data analysis, there are two main themes that emerged. The first theme is the Continuation of External Quality, with sub-themes including Broken Individual Communication, Corrupted Identity, Endless Everyday Life, Social Isolation, and Bio-fragility. The second theme is Feelings and Concerns, with sub-themes such as Feeling Anxiety, False Hope, No Surrender, and Shame and Fear of Losing Parents.

The study reveals that individuals with muscular dystrophy face unfavorable social and individual status. Therfore, it is important to enhance public spaces and urban transportation, ensure the implementation of laws that facilitate their employment, introduce social and cultural policies to change people's attitudes towards them, plan their capabilities through national media, review existing laws, and provide support packages to improve their situation. Additionally, the participation of NGOs should be facilitated to help reduce harm.

The following text discusses how different types of violence can have a negative impact on women, leading to passivity. Specifically, the study focuses on symbolic violence within family relationships and how patriarchal norms affect women within the family unit. The text sheds light on forms of violence that are not typically recognized as such by society and highlights how some women adapt to patriarchal norms despite their conflict with egalitarian values.

The study utilized a descriptive correlation research method with the help of a questionnaire. The research was conducted among married women in Tehran, who were selected based on the criteria of development in regions two, six, ten, thirteen, and seventeen. As accurate statistics on women affected by latent violence were not available, four hundred fifty women from these regions were determined as the sample size using a quota sampling method and sample power software. The individual is the unit of analysis in this research, and data analysis and hypothesis testing were conducted using Pearson correlation and structural equation modeling. SPSS version 23 was the statistical software used for this research.

According to the findings, there is a significant and negative correlation negative forty-nine hundredths and negative twenty-nine hundredths between symbolic violence against women and their self-actualization and child cultural capital, respectively. Moreover, there is a significant and positive correlation six tenths and six tenths between symbolic violence against women and their alienation and depression, respectively.

The study highlights that symbolic violence obstructs women's self-actualization and children's cultural capital growth, leading to depression, alienation, and family problems.

Individuals with visual impairment encounter numerous difficulties that can significantly affect their quality of life and restrict their ability to excel in various areas such as education, independent living, socializing, and health status. In this study, we aim to present a model of the challenges that elderly men with visual impairment face, based on grounded theory.

This study was qualitative and focused on old men in Shiraz City who have visual impairment. The participants were chosen through purposeful and snowball sampling until the point of theoretical saturation was reached. A semi-structured interview was used as the data collection tool. The data obtained from the interviews were analyzed using the Strauss and Corbin (1998) method. The data coding was conducted in three stages: open (initial), central, and selective coding. 

After conducting interviews with elderly men who have visual impairments, we were able to identify five central categories of their lived experiences. These categories include: feeling vulnerable, dealing with challenging environments, feeling lonely, minor environment's perceive, major environment's perceive.

Based on the results obtained, addressing the challenges faced by elderly men with visual impairments can significantly enhance their psychological well-being. Therefore, it is essential to improve the quality of life of this vulnerable group. Furthermore, these findings can be used as a significant step towards reducing the obstacles faced by visually impaired individuals in accessing social support and receiving appropriate health and psychological services.

Efforts and planning towards reducing high-risk behaviors are essential for the well-being of individuals in society. The aim of this study is to investigate the correlation between perceived parenting styles and tendencies towards high-risk behaviors. This is done with the help of two mediating factors- general self-efficacy and psychological hardiness of students. The study intends to explore the structural relationship between the aforementioned factors and their impact on the physical and mental health of individuals in the community.

The research method used in this study was correlation modeling of structural equations. The statistical population of the study consisted of all male high school students in Abyek city, which totaled 1475 individuals. Through a two-stage cluster sampling method, a sample size of 220 individuals was randomly selected. Participants completed questionnaires that assessed Buri's parents' authority (1992), the risk-taking behavior of Iranian adolescents Zade Mohammadi et al. (2007), Scherer et al.'s general self-efficacy (1982), and Ahvaz's psychological hardiness (1998). The data was analyzed using the Pearson correlation coefficient, path analysis, and bootstrap method.

The model that examines the influence of perceived parenting styles, general self-efficacy, and psychological hardiness on high-risk behaviors was a good fit. Perceived parenting styles have a direct relationship with high-risk behaviors. Parenting styles, mediated by general self-efficacy, are indirectly related to the tendency towards risky behaviors. Perceived parenting styles also have an indirect relationship with the tendency towards risky behaviors through psychological toughness. Overall, all the variables together can predict 53% of changes in the tendency towards high-risk behaviors.

fter analyzing the results, it is evident that to prevent high-risk behaviors in adolescents, it is essential to strengthen individual components such as general self-efficacy and psychological hardiness. To do so parents should be educated and use authoritative parenting methods. By doing so, parents can effectively take action to prevent high-risk behaviors in their adolescents.