نشریه پژوهش های انقلاب اسلامی
پیاپی 45 (تابستان 1402)

AbstractThe political crisis of 1356-57 is one of the most important events in Iran's contemporary history, which ultimately led to the collapse of the old order and the emergence of the country's political system, different from the monarchy in Iran. In the years of political crisis, it has been examined and evaluated from different aspects. In the current research, following Spriggans' "political crisis" theory, the political crisis of 1356-57 and the thought of Ayatollah Khomeini as one of the most prominent features of this important historical period have been examined. In this research, in response to the question, is Spriggans' theory, frequencies and related to it, in the mind of the Islamic thinker Ayatollah Khomeini? percentage is to investigate this sensitive period based on the theory of spriggans with a descriptive-analytical method and relying on documentary-library sources. The traces of Ayatollah Khomeini's thought can be explained and expanded in all the four stages considered by Spriggans, which include the stages of crisis and observation of disorder, diagnosis of pain and imagination, reconstruction of society and the way of treatment. The findings of the research show that although Spriggan's theory has no role in guiding Ayatollah Khomeini's political thinking, undeniable similarities can be observed. In fact, the purpose of this research is to create a "comprehensive vision" of the political society of that time.

Revolutions are phenomena that transform social, political and cultural structures of society and establish a new order. The establishment of a new order in modern era is based on the constitution. therefore , in the two great revolutions of the modern era in Iran, the revolutionaries prioritized the constitution after victory. Since the constitution has many facets ، in this article tries to study the revolutionary approach to the control of the influence and limitation of foreign power in the constitution. It is notable that due to the time gap between the present time and the time when the two constitutions were drafted, for more accurate understanding of the texts of these two laws, the three-dimensional Skinner method based on author, text and social conditions was used.Reviews has been accomplished based on Skinner's triple method it shows that limiting power and controlling foreign influence has been one of the main concerns of the activists of the two revolutions. But the approach and strategy of the actors in the two revolutions are different in this respect. So that the Mashrūteh constitutional strategy, defensive, and Based on Preservation Privacy of Iran from The influence of the great foreign powers. In contrast, the Islamic Republic's constitutional strategy for controlling foreign influence, aggression and expanding the Shiite Islamic civilization across the borders of Islamic Iran.

In this article, the revolution and the revolutionary system are examined from different perspectives.The question is what is the solution to prevent the transformation of the revolution and not to turn it into a conservative system and also not to limit the circle of the revolution. Ayatollahs Khamenei, Leotrotsky, and Arnold Twain Bey have responded to the issue from different perspectives. Ayatollah Khamenei believes that given the continuity and evolution of the phenomenon of revolution, the resulting political system must always remain revolutionary in order to prevent stagnation and stagnation. To this end, he proposed the "theory of the revolutionary system."Leotrotsky proposed the "theory of continuous revolution" to prevent the defeat of the Russian revolution and its export to other countries. Arnold Twainby justified the evolution of civilizations (occurrence, survival, and decline) by proposing the idea of ​​"opposition and reaction."From a methodological point of view, the issue has been briefly studied using a descriptive-comparative study within the framework of the three schools of Islam, Marxism and liberalism.Keywords: Ayatollah Khamenei, Revolutionary system, revolution, civilization, continuous revolution, Trotsky, Twin B.Problem:Transforming the process of revolution into a system and how to maintain the revolutionary spirit is one of the controversial issues regarding the revolution and its consequences. The general belief among revolutionary theorists is that with the victory of the revolution and the change in the structure of the established system and the establishment of a new political system, the mission of the revolution ends and conservatism takes the place of the revolutionary spirit.One of the questions that arises from the question of the consequences of revolutions is what is the solution to prevent the revolutionary spirit from turning into conservatism and thus not to limit the time and place of the revolution. To answer this

Organizations are growing and evolving in a highly dynamic and interactive world, which makes it necessary to adopt interactive approaches. In fact, the existence of organizational governance in government organizations is very vital and can be effective in improving their performance in implementing policies. Therefore, in this research, the organizational governance model in Iran's Plan and Budget Organization has been presented with an emphasis on coevolution through the application grounded theory methodology. Based on this, the sample of this research was made up of experts from Iran's Plan and Budget Organization who were familiar with the field of organizational governance. Sampling was done based on the theoretical sampling method and using the purposive sampling method, which finally reached theoretical saturation with 19 interviews. The software used for data analysis was MAXQDA. The main findings of the research are presented in two sections: conceptual framework and conceptual model. In this model, internal factors affecting productivity such as human power, intellectual capital, as well as the context and structure of technology have been considered.

The general purpose of this research is to examine the role and place of education in creating a discourse on the values and ideals of the Islamic Revolution. Using the qualitative content analysis method, this research has analyzed the texts, researches, as well as the documents and researches done in this field. Therefore, the current research has also tried to highlight the role and place of education in the discourse of the values and ideals of the Islamic Revolution, the results of the current research show that the role of education in the introduction of value cannot be overemphasized. He ignored the goals and ideals of the Islamic Revolution; However, during these 40 years since the passing of the Islamic Revolution, education in its educational programs has not been able to convey the values and ideals of the Islamic Revolution to the students in an optimal way and to be successful in making it a discourse, therefore. Educational programs and activities of the education system need to be revised and reformed in terms of paying attention to the original teachings of the Islamic Revolution and creating its discourse.

Iran's Islamic revolution centered on religion in the 20th century took place with a different form and content compared to other world revolutions, and various indicators of soft power were created with the Islamic revolution, which was the source of fundamental changes at the national, regional and international levels. It became international. In recent years, the category of explanation jihad as an emerging element, like other elements, has played an effective role in producing and strengthening the soft power of the Islamic revolution. With the aim of analyzing the role of explanation jihad in strengthening the soft power of the Islamic revolution, this article tries to identify the role and place of explanation jihad and to determine its dimensions and angles. For this reason, the role and position of explanation jihad in the soft power of the Islamic revolution is discussed with a descriptive-analytical method. The main question is, what is the role of explanation jihad in strengthening the soft power of the Islamic revolution? The findings of the research showed that explanation jihad has an effective role in the soft power of the Islamic revolution by strengthening the political discourse of Islam, supremacy of national unity, strengthening the desire for justice, exalting the discourse of political Islam and making Islamic culture attractive. The results of the research showed that explanation jihad, as a key and unique component, plays a fundamental role in strengthening the soft power of the Islamic revolution.

The purpose of this research was to design, construct and examine the psychometric characteristics of the culture of sacrifice and martyrdom questionnaire based on the statements of the Supreme Leader. The research was conducted in the form of a correlational research project. The statistical population of this research consists of all students of Farhangian University of Lorestan province in the academic year of 1400. The research sample in the first study was 350 exploratory factor analysis and in the second study was confirmatory factor analysis 400 students of Farhangian University who were selected by random sampling. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis was used for data analysis, using SPSS-26 and AMOS-24 software. The results of the exploratory factor analysis identified thirteen factors, which in total explain 67.21% of the variance of the culture of sacrifice and martyrdom. The results of the confirmatory factor analysis confirmed 110 items in thirteen factors (four sacrifice factors and nine martyrdom factors). Cronbach's alpha for the whole questionnaire of the culture of sacrifice and martyrdom is 0.98 and for guardianship 0.90, God-centeredness 0.80, endurance and stability 0.91, biological struggle 0.82, enjoining good and forbidding evil 0.85, prayer and self-improvement 0.89, national identity and acculturation 0.87, self-esteem/anti-cruelty 0.94, knowledge and awareness 0.83, respect for others 0.86, seeking justice 0.86, not belonging to the world 90. 0 and creativity and innovation were obtained as 0.87. It can be said that the culture of sacrifice and martyrdom questionnaire has the necessary validity and reliability in the student population and it can be used as a suitable research tool.

The present study seeks to present a paradigmatic model of the characteristics of a civilizing university in the process of realizing the modern Islamic civilization from the perspective of Ayatollah Khamenei. This research is of a qualitative type, which was carried out using the database theory and systematic method. The main goal of this article is to develop and strengthen local knowledge on the subject of a civilization-building university; For this reason, the thoughts of Ayatollah Khamenei have been chosen as the basis of analysis. Contributing to the flow of scientific analysis in the country centered on the thoughts of Ayatollah Khamenei and strengthening the academic role of universities in strategic studies are among the secondary goals of this research. Based on this method, the data, which are the speeches of Ayatollah Khamenei, during the years 1352 to 1401, were analyzed during three stages of open, central, and selective coding. In three stages of coding, the main and subcategories were identified and related to each other, which were: causal conditions (epistemological evolution, moral evolution, jurisprudential evolution), background conditions (creating the realization groups of the civilizing university and organizing the realization groups of the civilizing university) instrument), intervening conditions (human resource management and organizational culture), strategies (attraction strategies and educational strategies), and consequences (moral empowerment, cognitive empowerment and jurisprudential empowerment). Finally, the coding paradigm was explained and the final model was formed. Based on this, paying attention to the presented model can become the basis for the practical realization of Tamdan-Saz University from the perspective of Ayatollah Khamenei and taking advantage of its benefits.

In Islamic society, according to rational and rational evidence, governors and people have equal rights and duties, each of which must fully accomplish its duties and, on the other hand, exercise their rights in the best way. One of the duties of the people towards the governors is to choose the right one and trust them in the assignment of affairs. In contrast to one of the rights of the people in relation to this trust and choice, the right to question and impeach the assigned duties. In recent years, a two-law plan has been introduced in the legislature, which rejected the question of the authorities with the aim of attracting attention and criminalized it. But according to the present study, this plan and any similar plan have contradicted the narrative and rational arguments contained in the Islamic sources. Incidentally, in Islamic teachings, including verses and narrations, and the syllable of Prophet (PBUH) and Alavi (AS) The emphasis has been on the right of this right. Secondly, the denial of the right to ask and demand from public officials and rulers is in conflict with the principle of "freedom of expression" contained in the Constitution; thirdly, with the human rights standards and the principles of democratic societies, such as the principle of freedom of opinion and freedom of the press, and so on, which Iran is also unanimous. The present study, based on the bibliographic and descriptive-analytical sources, examines the right of question and the fundamental rejection of the twofourth plan and its similar plans and bills based on the jurisprudential doctrines and Islamic law.

Imam Khomeini is a multidimensional thinker who reflects philosophical, theological, jurisprudential and mystical aspects in his views and thoughts. The fact that the thought itself is the sum of these different aspects makes that person important, but putting these ideas into action doubles the importance of that person Apart from the general theoretical and practical importance of Imam Khomeini, this article examines the relationship between Imam Khomeini's thought and the mystical thought of Ayatollah Shahabadi (his master). The method of this article is descriptive-analytical. The findings indicate that a kind of dipole in mysticism, which is represented in the form of the current situation / the desired situation (in the opposite form), is reflected in the thoughts of Shahabadi and consequently Imam Khomeini. The transition from mysticism to political theory, which begins with Shahabadi's thought and crisis and reaches the political thought founded by Imam Khomeini, is manifested in a broad form and in "action", ie political leadership.