Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences
Volume:30 Issue: 6, Nov-Dec 2024

The expression of estrogen receptors in salivary gland tissue has been observed in some studies. Considering the histological similarity of salivary gland and breast tissue, as well as the prominent role of this receptor in the pathogenesis, treatment and prognosis of breast tumors, the aim of this study was to compare the immunohistochemical expression of estrogen receptor in pleomorphic adenoma (PA) and normal salivary gland tissue and assess its possible role in salivary gland tumors. In this descriptive-analytical study, 26 samples of PA and 12 samples of normal salivary gland tissue were selected. Immunohistochemical staining was performed by standard invision method for estrogen receptor. The results were evaluated semi-quantitively as the percentage of nuclear and cytoplasmic stained cells separately by Mann- Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis and Fisher exact tests. All PA samples showed negative nuclear staining for estrogen receptor, but its expression was observed in the cytoplasm of ducts in 27% of tumors and in 59% of normal salivary gland tissue samples, but the difference was not statistically significant. In addition, no association was found between estrogen receptor expression and independent variables such as the type of stroma or the degree of cellularity in PA, age, sex and location of the specimen. It seems that the expression of estrogen receptor does not play an effective role in the development and progression of PA tumor. However, its occurrence in the normal salivary gland ducts is considered and further studies in this field seem to be necessary.

The histone methyltransferase (SMYD1) and the muscle-specific protein (PERM1) play an important role in maintaining cardiac energetics and function. The present study aimed to examine the effect of two types of endurance training (running and swimming) plus MitoQ supplementation on gene expression of PERM1 and SMYD1 plus hemodynamic function in the cardiac muscle of male Wistar rats. The animals underwent MitoQ supplementation or endurance training or endurance training + MitoQ supplementation for eight weeks. Gene expression of PERM1 and SMYD1, measured by Real Time-PCR and quantified by 2-∆∆CT method, and hemodynamic function were compared between groups using two-way multivariate analysis of variance. Cardiac gene expression of PERM1 and SMYD1 increased significantly through running (PERM1, P < 0.05; SMYD1, P < 0.01), swimming (PERM1, P < 0.05; SMYD1, P < 0.05). and MitoQ supplementation (PERM1, P < 0.001). The effects of MitoQ supplementation were additive to both running and swimming effects on cardiac gene expression of (PERM1, P < 0.001; SMYD1, P < 0.05). Swimming-induced enhancement in cardiac expression of PERM1 and SMYD1 was associated with a significant increase in ±dP/dt max (P < 0.05)). Expression of genes involved in cardiac metabolism can be affected by endurance training and this effect could be improved through MitoQ supplementation

Food allergy is an increasing health problem in children. Previous studies have reported conflicting results about the diagnostic value of atopy patch test (APT) in food allergies.

To investigate the accuracy of APT in identifying non-IgE-mediated gastrointestinal food allergy to pasteurized cow's milk, heated cow's milk, white and yolk egg, soy, wheat, walnut, sesame, pistachio, almond, peanut, date and cumin which are popular food ingredients in Iran.

This study was performed on children with GI allergic problems who did not improve after at least 4 weeks of cow's milk protein elimination. Atopic patch test (APT) was performed and the elimination diet was considered according to APT results and after resolving symptoms, introduction of each accused food was done sequentially.

53 children under 7 years old with mean age of 19.6 months underwent APT and the results were verified by open oral food challenge. Sensitivity in the rage of 59%-95%, specifity of 80.7-92.8, positive predictive values of 75-96.4 and negative predictive value of 23-80.7% were calculated depending on the type of food. Compared to the heated raw cow's milk, the pasteurized/homogenized cow's milk reaction was significant.

APT can be included in the diagnostic workup of non-IgE-mediated GI allergy because it's safe and has great accuracy. However, several aspects require further investigation especially to enable the standardization of the technique. We should be aware of allegenicity of our foods due to processing and geographic region.

Irritable bowel syndrome is a functional gastrointestinal disease of unknown etiology. Researchers have recently drawn attention to the possible role of viruses in the development of IBS and provided evidence in this regard. In this study, it was decided to investigate the possible role of rotavirus infection in the onset of IBS.

Stool and serum samples were collected from 40 patients with IBS and 40 healthy individuals. To evaluate the previous exposure to rotavirus we checked the presence and concentration of anti-rotavirus IgG by ELISA. ELISA test was performed on the serum samples. Real-time PCR test was also used to measure the viral load in the stool. Finally, the data were analyzed by SPSS-22 software.

No significant relationship was found between anti-rotavirus IgG presence and Level in the serum of case and healthy individuals (p-value > 0.05) . Moreover, there was no significant difference between the viral genome load in the stool samples of the two groups (p-value > 0.05).

According to the results, it seems unlikely that a link exists between rotavirus infection and the onset of irritable bowel syndrome, but the possible role of other gastrointestinal viruses, including coronavirus, remains.

Covid-19 can acute cardiovascular syndrome. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of cardiovascular involvement in patients with Covid-19 disease .All patients who were diagnosed with Covid-19 disease and were hospitalized and monitored due to disease conditions (stages 2 and 3) were eligible to enter the study. At the beginning of the patient's hospitalization, the patients' vital signs were recorded and the first 12-lead ECG was taken. Patients then underwent cardiac monitoring. Patients underwent echocardiography during hospitalization. Preliminary tests including biochemistry, blood cell count, CRP and ESR and troponin were also performed for patients.More than half of these patients are men. There was a significant relationship between Sinus.tach and history of heart disease (p = 0.02). The relationship between atrial fibrillation and history of heart disease was significant (p = 0.02). Nonspecific variable was also significantly associated with a history of heart disease (p = 0.04). Studies showed that ejection fraction was normal in 87.7% of patients and severe in 5.5%. There was a significant relationship between diastolic dysfunction grade and the history of heart disease (p = 0.02).The average age of patients with Covid-9 is 63.55%, 20.2% of people with a history of heart disease,Due to the sensitivity of the subject, the presence of underlying diseases,can increase the risk of Covid-19 disease and also increase the mortality rate of this disease in these. Therefore, it is suggested that more attention, priority in vaccinating against this disease in people with underlying diseases.

Osteopenia is a relatively common disorder in premature infants. If this disease is not diagnosed and treated timely, it would be impaired growth in infancy. Present study was performed for assessment relationship between osteopenia and neonatal/maternal factors among premature neonates that hospitalized in neonatal intensive care unit of Afzalipour Medical Center. Present cross-sectional study was performed on 100 premature infants, who were admitted to the NICU of Afzalipour Medical Center in Kerman during 2017-2018. Alkaline phosphatase a screening criterion for osteopenia was measured in infants aged one month and its relation with factors such as birth weight, weight gaining, duration of hospitalization, duration of intravenous feeding, type of nutrition, volume of formula and food supplement consumption were evaluated. Of the total 100 preterm babies, based on the criterion utilized for diagnosis of osteopenia (alkaline phosphatase above 900 units/L), 41 infants had osteopenia of prematurity Prevalence of osteopenia was 41%. Infants who used breastmilk alone has mostly osteopenia of prematurity. Prevalence of osteopenia was higher among girls in compare with boys. Mean length of hospitalization, Total parenteral nutrition venous feeding in neonates with osteopenia were higher among in compare with other neonates. Mean of maternal serum level of vitamin D in mothers of premature neonates with osteopenia was significantly lower in compare with others. Infants that intake exclusively breast milk was more vulnerable to osteopenia, and supplement should be considered in these infants.

Long-term use of proton-pump inhibitors (PPI) can result in hypomagnesaemia and arrhythmia.The aim of this study was to compare the effect of PPI and histamine 2-receptor antagonists (H2RA) on the incidence of hypomagnesaemia and arrhythmia in patients following off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG). In this randomized-controlled clinical trial 290 patients admitted ICU after off-pump CABG were randomly divided into two groups of H2RA (n=145) and PPI (n=145).For patients in the H2RA group, 50 mg intravenous ranitidine was prescribed every 8hrs after during the nothing by mouth (NPO) period followed by 40mg famotidine tablet after starting the oral regimen (PO). The PPI group received 40 mg pantozol IV injections every 12 hrs during the NPO period and 40mg pantozol tablets once daily after becoming PO.The patients were investigated for development of hypomagnesaemia and associated arrhythmia. In total 271 patients with the mean age of 59.3±10 yrs completed the study (female/male=32.8%). Hypomagnesaemia occurred in 60.1% of the patients; 76 (56.7%) in the H2RA group and 87 (63.5%) in the PPI group (P=0.245) whereas arrhythmia had a prevalence of 12 (9.6%) and 15 (11.1%), respectively (P=0.690). The mean time of occurrence of hypomagnesaemia and arrhythmia were 1.75±1.08 and 3.0±0.9 days after the operation in the H2RA group and 1.47±0.7 and 2.9±1.5 days in the PPI group, respectively (P=0.111 and P=0.897). Our study revealed that the short-term use of PPIs does not result in higher rates of hypomagnesaemia and associated arrhythmia in comparison to H2RAs after off-pump CABG.

Inborn errors of metabolism (IEM) are rare genetic disorders that usually cause the disease by blocking a metabolic pathway. Delayed diagnosis is usually due to nonspecific manifestations. In this study, we aim to evaluate the demographic and clinical characteristics of pediatric patients with IEM admitted in Nemazi hospital, a referral center in southern Iran.

All 1-month- to 18-year-old patients who were admitted in the pediatric ward in Nemazi hospital, a referral center in southern Iran, with the diagnosis of IEM were enrolled. Patients with incomplete information were excluded. We collect demographic and clinical data including age, sex, parents’ consanguinity, family history of IEM, presenting symptoms, number of hospitalization, age of onset, and diagnosis of the disease. All the data were entered into SPSS ver.22 and analyzed.

200 patients were enrolled in the study. 53.5% were male and 46.5% female. The most clinical symptoms were lethargy and vomiting. The most prevalent IEM were aminoacidopathies, organic acidemia, and mitochondrial disease. Consanguinity was seen in 57.5% of them, while the family history of metabolic diseases was observed in 16.5%. There was a statistically significant relationship between consanguinity and the type of the disease.

The clinical symptoms of IEM are nonspecific and may be misdiagnosed as other diseases like septicemia. We should always keep IEM in mind to detect the disease earlier and prevent significant morbidities and mortality by appropriate timely treatment. Due to the prevalence of consanguinity marriage in Iran, we should also consider metabolic screening.