مجله دانشگاه علوم پزشکی سبزوار
سال سی‌ام شماره 6 (پیاپی 131، بهمن و اسفند 1402)

Online gaming addiction is a growing global concern and is detrimental to mental health among adolescents. The present study was conducted aiming to predict the structural relationship model of online game addiction based on Deviant Peer Affiliation with the mediating role of maladaptive cognitions and social skill deficits. The intended research was structural equation correlation. Its statistical population included all male students of the second year of high school students studying in the public schools of Ardabil city in the academic year of 2023.A sample of 208 participants was selected using convenience sampling method who completed the questionnaires of addiction to online games.  The obtained data were analyzed using smart pls4 software. The results showed that Deviant Peer Affiliation has a direct and significant effect on addiction to online games, and the indirect effect of Deviant Peer Affiliation on addiction to online games was confirmed through the mediation of maladaptive cognitions and social skill deficits. The model had a good fit based on the goodness of fit indices.

Epidemic Keratoconjunctivitis is an acute ocular infectious disorder often associated with Human Adenovirus Type D8 (HAdV-D8). E1A and E1B are adenoviral proteins that play a crucial role in initiating adenoviral infection and binding to cellular p53. This study aimed to analyze genomic diversity in E1A and HAdV-D8 E1B genes in patients with adenoviral Keratoconjunctivitis.

Samples of 5 patients with adenoviral Keratoconjunctivitis were cultured on A549 cell line for 48 to 72 hours until the appearance of CPE. The E1 gene region was amplified by PCR and sequenced to investigate mutations.

The Ahvaz strain showed the highest similarity to Japanese and American HAdV-D8 and HAdV-D54 strains in E1A and E1B genes. No significant mutation was found in the E1A gene. However, in the E1B gene, an amino acid substitution of serine to phenylalanine occurred. Another mutation converting CTG to GTG in E1B 55KD was observed only in two samples. The analysis with BLOSUM62 matrix confirmed that the replacement of valine with leucine is more likely than the substitution of serine and phenylalanine, which have hydrophobic properties and higher molecular weight.

In this study, E1A and E1B gene sequences of HAdV-D8 strain exhibited high conservation. Investigating these strains and their mutations in the human population could be valuable for determining the evolutionary capacity and pathogenicity of the virus.

Dyspepsia causes psychological problems and decreases psychological health; therapeutic interventions are needed to solve these problems.  This study was designed aiming to determine the effectiveness of cognitive therapy based on mindfulness on psychological disturbance and psychological capital of patients with dyspepsia. This semi-experimental research was designed with a pre-test-post-test and a control group. The statistical population included patients with a diagnosis of indigestion without ulcers in the clinic of Tuba Gastroenterology in Sari and Ghaemshahr cities. Overall, 30 people were selected through convenience sampling method and were randomly and by drawing lot assigned into experimental and control groups. The people in the experimental group received mindfulness-based cognitive therapy. Two questionnaires of psychological disturbance and psychological capital were employed. The results showed that before the intervention there was no significant difference between the average scores of psychological disturbance and psychological capital in the experimental and control groups, but there was a statistically significant difference between the average scores in the intervention and control groups after the intervention. The mean and standard deviation of psychological disturbance in the post-test and psychological capital was 3.33±35.40 and 5.96±81.33, respectively (P<0.001). According to the results of this research, mindfulness cognitive therapy reduced the symptoms of psychological disturbance and increased psychological capital in patients with dyspepsia. So the use of this method is recommended as an effective strategy to reduce the psychological problems of patients.

Microbial lipases are an important group of enzymes with biotechnology value. In the present research, an attempt was made to isolate and identify lipase-producing microbial strains from industrial wastewater samples. After taking samples from sewage and sewage from different places,16 colonies were isolated from these samples. The isolates were cultured in a specific culture medium containing Tween80 to check the ability to produce lipase enzyme. Enzyme activity was determined using the light absorption curve. In order to identify the isolates molecularly, ribotyping was performed. For this purpose, the DNA of the isolates was extracted and PCR was performed with the help of 16SrRNA gene primers. The PCR product was sequenced and the strains were identified using sequence blast in the NCBI database. Out of a total of 16 isolates, ten strains (62.5%) were able to produce lipase enzyme as a result of creating a transparent halo in the culture medium of the lipid test. Among these, two isolates with the same halo formation rate and source of isolation, which had the highest growth and activity after 144 hours were selected from the culture. Enzyme activity values for bacteria isolated from slaughterhouse effluent and garage effluent ranged from 2.99 to 22.65 and 3.73to 39.2 units/ml, respectively. Due to their very high lipase activity compared to the strains introduced in other researches, Aeromonas veroni and Copriavidus metallidurans bacteria are suggested as very suitable and efficient strains for the biological treatment of wastewater.

In obesity, the serum levels of Asprosin are pathologically upregulated, this is thus considered a therapeutic target. This study aimed to explore the effect of exercise training as combined training (Aerobic+ Resistance training) along with Caffeine supplementation on the plasma levels of Asprosin in middle-aged obese men. 38 obese men aged 35 to 50 years, with a BMI of greater than 28 participated in the research. They were stratified randomized into 4 groups. including: 1-Control-placebo (n=10), 2- Caffeine (n=10), 3- Combined training-placebo (n=9) and 4- Caffeine and combined training (n=9). The caffeine group consumed the caffeine tab 4.5 mg per kg body weight, daily, for 6 weeks. The Combined training group had concurrent aerobic and resistance training for 6 weeks (3 sessions per week). Blood samples were collected before and after the intervention, and the plasma asprosin concentration was measured by the ELISA method. By the effect of the Combined training, the Asprosin level was reduced (p=0/01). Taking Caffeine alone did not significantly reduce Asprosin (p=0/19). The Asprosin declined in the group that had both Combined training and Caffeine (p=0/01). In order to reduce the upregulated Asprosin in obese individuals known as pathologic, combined training is recommended and/so it is not necessary to take caffeine along with the training.

Misperception of body weight and lack of awareness about overweight and obesity are associated with poor weight management behaviors. This cross-sectional study included 350 female students from Shahed University, Tehran, Iran, using a convenience sampling method. Data were collected through anthropometric measurements and self-reported answers regarding weight perception and level of body weight preoccupation. Data analysis was conducted using Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient. The findings revealed that 51.43% of the subjects misperceived their body weight. Among them, the majority (92.22%) underestimated their weight. Additionally, 17.14% of the overweight and obese subjects perceived their weight to be within the normal range, while 29.6% of obese subjects perceived themselves to be only slightly overweight. Furthermore, there was a significant relationship between body weight perception and anthropometric indices (p<0.01). The body mass index (r=0.739), C-index (r=0.648), body adiposity index (r=0.620), abdominal volume index (r=0.552), and waist-to-height ratio (r=0.537), and waist circumference (r=0.533) had the highest correlation with body weight perception, respectively. The high rate of unawareness of actual body weight among female university students is alarming. It is, therefore, necessary to develop programs that increase awareness about normal body weight and the importance of anthropometric indices in weight management.

One of the dangerous unhealthy behaviors that are more common during adolescence compared with other periods of life is the self-injury behavior. This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the effectiveness of dialectical behavior therapy on self-concealment, self-compassion and self-injurious behaviors of female students. The research method was a semi-experimental pre-test-post-test type with a control group. The statistical population of the research was the female high school students in Bandar Turkmen, Iran, during the school years 2022-2023, when 30 students were included by cluster sampling and randomly placed in 2 experimental and control groups (n=15 for each group). The experimental group received dialectical behavior therapy while the control group did not receive any intervention until the end of the study. The research tools included Larson and Justin's self-disclosure questionnaires, Neff's self-compassion, and Klonsky and Glenn's list of self-injury behaviors and functions. The results of the research showed that dialectical behavior therapy was effective on self-concealment, self-compassion and self-injury behaviors of female students (P<0.05). The results indicated that, with a receptive and non-judgmental state of mind and empathy, the dialectical behavior therapy led to the reduction of self-concealment, self-injurious behaviors and enhanced self-compassion in female students.

The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of intra-central amygdala nucleus (CeA) administration of methyl jasmonate (MeJA) on anxiety-like and social behaviors in adult male rats exposed to acute stress.

The adult male rats were bilaterally cannulated in CeA. The rats were subjected to restraint stress conditions 1 h daily for a week. Then, the rats were treated with intra-CeA administration of MeJA (2.5, 5 and 10 µg/rat). Rats’ behaviors were assessed in elevated plus maze (EPM), open field (OF), and a three-chambered social approach task, respectively.

Rats exposed to restraint stress showed significant anxiogenic behaviors in EPM and OF tasks. However, bilateral microinjection of MeJA (5 and 10 µg/rat) in CeA decreased stress induced anxiety-like behavior indices in both tasks (p<0.01, p<0.05).  In addition, stressed rats showed social behavior deficits in the three-chambered social approach task (decreased sniffing time and time spent in compartment with stranger rats) as compared to untreated control rats. However, MeJA (10 µg/rat) ameliorated social behavior deficiency in stressed rats.

The data of this study showed MeJA value for attenuating stress-induced anxiety-like and social behavior deficits in rats.

Herbal medicine, which bears fewer adverse effects than chemical medications, is becoming more popular for the treatment of diabetes. After measuring the antioxidant properties, the inhibition pattern between the extracts and the pancreatic α-amylase enzyme was determined. Diabetic mice were treated with herbal extracts and acarbose. The blood biochemical factors were then measured. The best extract examined the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs). The extracts of saffron and chamomile petals showed an inhibitory effect on the α-amylase enzyme with a competitive and mixed pattern, respectively. FBS had a significant decrease in all treatment groups, and only in the group treated with an ultrasound-assisted aqueous extract of saffron petals did insulin levels increase significantly. The ALT enzyme decreased significantly in the presence of saffron extract. The reduction of the AST factor is significant only in chamomile extract. The results showed that for optimal synthesis of silver nanoparticles, values of temperature, pH, time, and silver nitrate salt concentration were 55°C, pH = 10, 4 hours, and 1.2 mM, respectively. The plant extracts studies can efficiently lower the blood sugar levels, increase insulin production, and regulate liver enzymes in the blood. As a result, they have a good impact on diabetes treatment. These extracts outperform the chemical medication acarbose in terms of efficacy and have no negative effects on the liver. The saffron extract demonstrates the ability to synthesize Ag-NP, which is frequently employed in biomedical applications.

This study aimed to assess the level of awareness and performance of non-medical personnel at Shoushtar Faculty of Medical Sciences, Iran, regarding basic cardiopulmonary resuscitation. A total of 119 non-medical personnel from Shoushtar Faculty of Medical Sciences, Iran, participated in this study after obtaining their informed consent. Data was collected using a researcher-made questionnaire on awareness and performance in cardiopulmonary resuscitation. The questionnaire consisted of 21 multiple-choice questions. A correct answer was assigned a score of 1, while an incorrect answer received a score of zero. Data was analyzed using statistical tests in SPSS 21. Out of the 119 participants, 76 (55.4%) were women and their average age was 32.63 ± 8.86 years. The average level of awareness among the participants was 6.68 ± 3.40 out of 11, and the average performance level was 3.54 ± 1.25 out of 10, indicating a good level of awareness but poor performance. Participants with a master's degree or higher education and those who received formal training demonstrated higher levels of awareness and performance (P<0.05). Additionally, the mean performance score of women was higher than that of men (P<0.001). The study findings confirmed that while the awareness of the personnel about cardiopulmonary resuscitation was good, their performance was unsatisfactory when it comes to managing a patient with cardiac arrest in a non-hospital setting.