فصلنامه توسعه اجتماعی
سال هجدهم شماره 2 (زمستان 1402)

The present research has investigated the role and importance of safety and health in the workplace from the point of view of the employees of the construction camp of the army naval hospital in the city of BandarJask using the qualitative method of grounded theory. A sample of 23 people was selected in a purposeful way. The data collection method was in-depth interview and the interviews were analyzed by coding. The findings indicated that the existence of harmful environmental and organizational factors as causal conditions, if not identified, evaluated and controlled with a preventive view, will lead to the central phenomenon of "employee/ employer double damage" which activists in order to prevent the strategy HSE have benefited. This strategy is influenced by two groups of conditions: a) the prevailing environment: 1) the background variables of the employees, 2) the type of job and the location of the employees, 3) the location of the workshop and its infrastructure, 4)the climatic conditions of the region and 5) the facilities available for HSE. b) Intervening conditions: 1) natural disasters and unexpected events, 2) economic conditions, 3) socio-cultural conditions and 4) time-political conditions. Finally, the adoption of the workplace health and safety strategy leads to the mutual benefit of employees/employers, such as employee health and increased productivity, and has general beneficial consequences, such as environmental protection and sustainable economic development.

After the corona virus epidemic, face-to-face training suddenly gave way to virtual training. Due to the non-availability of facilities, infrastructure and public expectations, a kind of anomic situation arose in the educational system, which has been studied in this research. The present research was conducted using the qualitative method of grounded theory and in-depth interview among 16 teachers of the first secondary level of Yasouj city. Theoretical sampling was used to obtain the samples and continued until the theoretical saturation stage. The method of data analysis was coding based on Glaser and Strauss method. The findings showed that virtual education has become anomic. Because the previous educational order has disappeared and a new order has not replaced it. "Family interaction and education" and "incomplete evaluation" played a role as background and intervening factors in this situation. In anomic virtual education, the teachers' strategy was complacency and the students' strategy was evasion. The consequence of such a situation is the questioning of the teacher's authority, alienation from the educational environment, stereotyping and academic failure of students.

The current research is a descriptive and comparative study with an applied purpose. The overall aim of the research is to investigate the impact of social capital on the quality of life of female heads of households and ordinary women in Hersin city and providing basic solutions according to the results of the research For use in many involved organizations, policy makers and planners in the support and social fields which is studied in the area of the situation of vulnerable groups, especially women heads of households. The theoretical framework of the research was designed and organized based on the views of experts such as: Putnam, France, Bond and Koerner. Survey research method and data collection tool is a questionnaire (Quality of Life France 1996 and "researcher-made" questions). Statistical analyzes were performed using SPSS software in two parts: descriptive (tables, various graphs, relative and cumulative percentages, frequencies, mean and standard deviation) and inferential (two-group independent t-test techniques and structural equation modeling). The statistical population included all married women as well as female heads of households in Hersin during the research period, and 380 people were selected based on cluster and random sampling. The results of the multivariate analysis of variance on the dimensions related to the quality of life (physical dimension, psychological dimension, social dimension) in two groups of female heads of the household and ordinary women show which in terms of physical dimension (F=452.24, Sig=0.000), psychological dimension (F=530.31, Sig=0.000), social dimension (F=513.05, Sig=0.000) significant difference between quality The life of these two groups exists. Also, the findings of the research indicate a significant difference between the amount of social capital, the family status of female heads of the household and ordinary women.

In the anthropological literature about urban marginalized poor, there was a little attention to the culture of city dwellers toward slums. In this article, I explore the ways in which lay people, authorities and formal institutions deal with marginalized population of Qopanlar neighborhood in Tabriz, Northwest Iran. The data based on the ethnographic fieldwork has been done during 2016-2020 and 2023 in one marginal neighborhood and formal meetings in institutions. I gathered the data through observation and participation in daily life, conversations with men, and some archival reviews. For theoretical understanding of the struggles of the cultures of center and margin dwellers, I used concepts of Foucault̕ s racism, Fassin̕ s biolegitimacy, and Bourdieu̕ s symbolic conflicts. My anthropological study shows that the dealing of center people with marginal ones starts with naming and classifying, with the goal of the judgment of value of life. I developed the concept of cultural racism to show that how villagers who live in the margins of the city of Tabriz define as lower race. The life of the marginalized people devalued by exteriors through four processes: Violence of naming, unrecognizing, institutional discrimination, and clash of habitus.

The purpose of this study was to provide a model for enriching and promoting job aspirations of employees of universities and higher education centers. The method of this research was descriptive survey. The statistical population of this study was all the staff of universities and higher education centers in Tabriz and there were 400 people who were selected as a sample based on Krejcie and Morgan table from 196 people by simple random sampling method. For data collection, the standard 18-item job enrichment questionnaire Riff and Tynell (1973), the standard 25-item job aspirations questionnaire of Denziger et al. (2008) were used. The face validity of the instruments was confirmed by the supervisors and consultants and its reliability was calculated using Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the job enrichment questionnaire of 0.83 and the job aspiration questionnaire of 0.91 which was statistically significant. Descriptive statistics (graph, frequency, frequency percentage), inferential statistics (Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Friedman test and structural equation model) were used to analyze the data. Descriptive statistics (frequency, frequency percentage) and inferential statistics (structural equation model) were used to analyze the data. The results showed that the proposed model of enrichment and promotion of employees' job aspirations is at the desired level. Security-stability, entrepreneurial creativity, independence-autonomy, service and self-sacrifice, pure challenge and lifestyle) have been identified based on the prioritization of elements and components of the model of enrichment and promotion of job aspirations of technology component in the first place with the average and lifestyle are in the last rank with the average.

In developing countries, not only economic growth is considered a goal, but also these countries, along with developed countries, consider increasing the quality of life as one of the main goals and one of the criteria for development. The aim of this study was to investigate the social consequences of floods with emphasis on quality of life and life expectancy. This research was conducted by survey method and in order to improve the validity of the questionnaire measures of face validity and reliability by using Cronbach's alpha coefficient which was higher than 0.70 for all variables. The statistical population of this study is the population of flood victims 15 years and older in the cities of Shousha, Hamidiyeh, Karun, Bostan, Shadegan, Rafi, Susangard, part of Ahvaz and the villages around Ahvaz (49607 people) to select the sample size among the statistical population of Cochrane general formula was used. Thus, according to Cochran's formula, 600 people were obtained as the sample size. To analyze the data using two methods of descriptive and inferential statistics and using SPSS software, after preparing the matrix table, the information was organized in the form of one-dimensional and two-dimensional tables. Findings showed that there is a significant relationship between the independent variable of flood occurrence and the dependent variables of physical health, mental health, social relations and life expectancy.