مجله دانشکده علوم پزشکی نیشابور
پیاپی 35 (تابستان 1401)

Today, with the advancement of technology and the provision of different formulas for the production of healthy food, consumers are paying more attention to the safety and health of food. Sodium nitrite is one of the compounds discussed in the food industry and has been discussed for many years in terms of health effects, especially the production of carcinogenic nitrosamine compounds and the development of methemoglobinemia. It is worth mentioning that this combination is used to improve the color of meat products and reduce the growth of spoilage and pathogenic microorganisms in meat products. Therefore, one of the new approaches in the food industry is the use of nontoxic compounds as healthy additives to prevent the growth of spoilage microorganisms and maintain the quality of food. This study was conducted with the aim of investigating current knowledge on how to eliminate and reduce nitrite consumption in the food industry. By examining domestic and foreign published sources on foreign sites and local databases, related studies were searched using relevant keywords. In the initial search, 63 articles were retrieved, and after removing duplicates, 57 articles were of sufficient quality to be included in this meta-analysis. In order to investigate the research achievements regarding the use of natural compounds without health risks as a substitute for nitrite in the food industry and summarizing the current knowledge with safer and better substances such as natural essential oils and safe antioxidants, it was investigated.

The starters of dairy products play a crucial role in the texture of the products and their desired quality. These bacteria can be extracted from various native and traditional sources and can be obtained commercially and industrially with the advancement of science and technology. Considering that a large amount of financial turnover in the world is spent on trading commercial starter strains,   knowing strong local resources for the extraction of starters can help greatly in reducing the costs of importing foreign and commercial strains. On the other hand, since commercial strains are genetically manipulated, they may not meet the level of quality desired by the consumer and become inactive over time due to excessive consumption. In addition, in recent decades, researchers and industries have moved toward  the production and development of probiotic foods, which is a new paradigm in starter industries. Therefore, in this review, the importance and position of native starters in the dairy industry and their transformation over time have been investigated.

Elevated levels of liver enzymes are a consequence of gestational diabetes. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of aquatic and resistance training on liver enzyme levels in gestational women with diabetes,

In this quasi-experimental study, 39 gestational diabetic mothers (23- 24 weeks of pregnancy, age 30.3 ± 3.36 years, and Body mass index 26 ± 2.86 kg/m2) from Shiraz City were randomly divided into three groups including control, resistance training, and aqua training. resistance and aqua (swimming) training were performed 3 sessions per week for 45 min with 50%-70% maximum heart rate for 6 weeks. Serum liver enzyme levels (AST and ALT) were measured using an ELISA kit. Data were analyzed using a t-test, one-way ANOVA, and Tukey’s post hoc test at P<0.05.

The results showed that after 6 weeks of resistance and aquatic training, serum levels of AST and ALT in gestational diabetic women did not change significantly (p> 0.05), but AST levels were higher in the control group than the   pretest (p=0. 002).

According to the results, resistance and aquatic training can prevent further increase in AST levels in gestational diabetic women, therefore, these exercises can be performed safely and effectively by gestational diabetic women.

Vaginal candidiasis infection leads to sexual dysfunction in couples. Sexual performance is an important part of health and an integral part of every person's life. Many psychological factors affect sexual performance, one of which is self-concept. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of "determining the relationship between sexual self-concept and candidal vaginitis".

This descriptive-cross-sectional study was conducted on 300 married women, aged 18 to 45 years, who referred to health centers in Neishabur city in 2018. The sampling method was available. The research tools were multifaceted sexual self-concept questionnaire (MSSCQ) and candidal vulvaginitis symptoms.
The results were analyzed with spss software version 16 and Spearman and regression statistical tests.

In the review of the data,the mean age of women participating in the study was 35.55 ± 5.47 years, the mean score of positive sexual self-concept was 115.22 ± 28.33, the mean score of negative sexual self-concept was 58.25 ± 6.18 and the symptom score of candidal vulvovaginitis was 9.83 ± 1.62. Examination of the data by Spearman test showed that there was a significant inverse relationship between positive sexual self-concept and candidiasis score (p=0.003) and between negative sexual self-concept and candidiasis score (p = 0.005) Also, no significant correlation was observed between candidiasis score and demographic variables (P > 0.05).

Sexual self-concept is related to candidal vaginitis; which, with correct and timely treatment of candidal vaginitis, increases positive sexual self-concept. which will ultimately lead to marital satisfaction and strengthening the foundation of families

Considering the complexity of services in the health system, which requires the interaction of different people and organizations, weaknesses in network governance models lead to various conflicts and challenges. Considering the challenges of governance in a country's health system, it is necessary to determine a model of health governance using a network approach in the context of a country.

The current research is applied in terms of its purpose, which was carried out using a mixed approach with an exploratory design. The method of qualitative analysis is used in the qualitative part to identify the factors affecting the governance of a network using the foundational data theory method. In the quantitative part, for the validity of the model and determining the relationship between the identified factors, confirmatory factor analysis and the structural equation model are used. In this study, MAXQDA software will be used for data analysis.

By analyzing the interviews and reviewing previous studies, six main themes: external factors; antecedents; requirements; platforms and context; functions, and applications; The results and partners (institutions) influencing the network governance of the health system were extracted in each dimension along with their subcategories.

The results obtained in this research showed that health can no longer be considered a mere partial goal for which the responsibility of a single ministry is sufficient to achieve, but the participation of other health actors and activists alongside the Ministry of Health is mandatory  is and an increasing trend. It is evident that there are more and deeper interactions between different actors in the health system. In addition, according to the results of the research, it can be said that paying attention to the issue of health is described as the center of all-round development and an  important examples of justice. Therefore, the implementation of the network governance model in this area is perhaps the main driver for advancing comprehensive development. In addition, the establishment of network governance can lead to an increase in people's satisfaction with the government and acceptance of the central government by the public.

Considering the antibacterial effects of medicinal plants and the side effects of chemical drugs, replacing chemical drugs with herbal drugs is of particular importance. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the chemical compounds in the extracts of Uritica dioica L., Mentha longifolia L., and Tragopogon collinus collected from the vegetative regions of Meshgin Shahr and compare the therapeutic effect of their combination with that of ciprofloxacin against common bacteria of urinary tract infection.

The main phenolic compounds of the desired medicinal plants were identified using HPLC after collecting from the original habitat and extraction by the maceration method. Then, the antimicrobial properties of the combination of extracts against common urinary tract infection bacteria were investigated and compared with those of the ciprofloxacin drug using the disk diffusion method. In addition, the MIC values of the combination of extracts at concentrations of 12.5, 25, 50, and 100 mg/ml against the studied bacteria were determined in 3 replicates.

The main phenolic compounds identified from the hydroalcoholic extract of Uritica dioica L,. including catechin and rutin, Mentha longifolia L., including gallic acid and quercetin, and Tragopogon collinus including ursolic acid and caffeic acid. According to the obtained results, it was found that the mixture of plant extracts shows relatively similar antimicrobial properties   to ciprofloxacin.

According to the obtained results, it can be said that the mixture of extract of Uritica dioica L., Mentha longifolia L., and Tragopogon collinus medicinal plants by conducting more studies, especially at the in vivo conditions, can be a suitable product for treatment of urinary tract infection.

In order to prevent accidents and protect workers' health, identifying and assessing risks is a basic priority. Most studies that have evaluated occupational health and safety performance have used retrospective methods, and few studies have used preventive methods. This study was conducted with the aim of evaluating health and safety using the Elmeri quantitative index and the JSA method.

This cross-sectional analytical study was conducted in the work units of a porcelain factory and 105 workstations. Nine units, including raw material preparation, forming, molding and casting, pressing, polishing, glazing, oven, decoration, and packaging were investigated. The results were analyzed using SPSS version 16 software.

According to the JSA, the highest amount of risk was in packaging and the lowest in payment. The total Elmeri index was 59.8. The highest total score of the Elmeri index was related to the pre-pressing unit with a score of 76% and at a good level, and the scores of the molding and casting, forming, polishing, furnace, glazing, and packaging units were 63, 60, 55, 55.6, 67.6, and 58.4, respectively, which were at a medium level. The decor unit was at a weak level with a total Elmeri index score of 46.1.

Considering that the observational Elmeri index can show the level of safety and health very quickly, it is recommended to first prioritize the units in the industry based on the results obtained from this method and conduct a comprehensive review of these units using more accurate methods if needed.

The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of eight weeks of waterexercise and the consumption of herbal tea on body composition and quality of life in overweight and obese women.

In this experimental study, 48 obese and overweight adult women with an average body mass index of 31.16 were selected and randomly divided into 4 groups: herbal tea (n=13), water exercise (n=12), herbal tea, and exercise in water (n=12) and control (n=11). Herbal tea was consumed twice a day after lunch and dinner for eight weeks. Water exercises were performed for eight weeks, three sessions a week, and each session lasted 60 min. Body composition was measured using a body composition instrument, and quality of life was measured through a questionnaire before and after the study. ANOVA and Bonferroni post hoc tests were used for data analysis.

The results showed that the weight and BMI of overweight and obese women decreased in the   water exercise group and the group of water exercise group with tea consumption after eight weeks (P<0.05). Chest circumference, abdominal circumference, percentage of body fat, and visceral fat decreased in the water exercise group along with the consumption of tea (P<0.05). In addition, the quality of life (physical health and total score) improved in both exercise groups (P<0.01).

The results show the beneficial effect of water exercise on the body composition and quality of life of overweight and obese women. The consumption of herbal tea only had no effect.

Comprehensive healthcare centers are the most environmental government centers for healthcare in Iran. Providing continuous, integrated, and coordinated services during disasters is expected in such centers. Safety, structural, non-structural, and functional assessments of these centers are needed.  The present study was conducted with the aim of assessing the disaster functional preparedness, and structural and non-structural safety of healthcare centers of Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences.

In this cross-sectional descriptive study, 58 comprehensive urban and rural healthcare centers in Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences were assessed using the disaster risk assessment checklist, field observations, and interviews. After collecting the data, it was entered into the Excel software. The scores of the three dimensions of functional preparedness and structural and non, structural safety were calculated and the centers were classified in one of the safety levels between 0 and 10.

The levels of functional preparedness, structural and nonstructural safety, and total safety were 58.58%, 54.91%, 47.16%, and 55.53%, respectively. The level of total Safety was 6 of 10.

The level of functional preparedness and structural and nonstructural safety of the centers was average. In order to provide services to the people affected by disasters, appropriate measures should be taken to improve and increase the safety level of healthcare centers.

Satellite cell compartments endow skeletal muscles with remarkable regenerative capacity. However, it is not yet clear to what extent these cells facilitate exercise-induced adaptation. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of investigating changes in activating factors of satellite cells (MyoD ‎‏and‏ Myf-5‎) induced by circular resistance training (CRT) and high-intensity functional training (HIFT) in inactive men aged 18-28.

In this semiexperimental study, with a pre-test, post-test, and a control group, 45 inactive men aged 18-28 were selected and randomly divided into three groups: HIFT (n= 15), CRT (n= 15), and control (n= 15). Both training programs were performed for 8 weeks, three sessions per week, and 40-50 min for each session for the experimental groups. Blood sampling measurements were performed in two phases: pre-test and post-test. The data were analyzed using the Covariance and Benferroni post hoc tests using SPSS 24 software at a significance level of 0.05.

The results of the study showed that both training methods had significant effects on increasing MyoD, and Myf5 in inactive men (p≤0.05). However, the improvements in these variables were higher in the HIFT group compared to the CRT group (p≤0.05).

These results indicate an increase in MyoD and Myf-5 values following the exercise. Therefore, these exercise methods, especially HIFT, can be effective in hypertrophy and increase muscle strength by increasing the activating factors of satellite cells.

Myocardial infarction is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. The rate of heart tissue regeneration is limited following myocardial infarction. The combination of cell therapy and tissue engineering technology can lead to widespread clinical applications. In this study, we investigated the capability of the scaffolds to support cardiomyocyte attachment and growth cardiac tissue engineering.

A bacterial cellulose (BC) scaffold was prepared and coated with gelatin to form a gelatin-coated BC (BCG) scaffold. BC and BCG scaffolds were characterized using SEM, FE-SEM, AFM, and contact angle measurements. Neonatal rat-ventricular cardiomyocytes (nr-vCMCs) were cultured on scaffolds to explore the capability of the scaffolds (for cell attachment and survival) and were compared with human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs)

The results showed that the average diameter of nanofibrils and surface roughness were suitable for cardiomyocyte culture. The contractile activity of nr-vCMCs remained during culture duration, but the mean beating frequency gradually decreased from the fifth to seventh day of   culture. According to the results of light microscopy images, the adhesion of HDFs on the scaffolds was greater than cardiomyocyte attachment throughout the cell culture duration.

In addition to not being cytotoxic, BC and BCG have the appropriate physicochemical properties to preserve the morphology and contractile function of neonatal rat cardiomyocytes.

Anaphylaxis is an acute multi-organ dysfunction syndrome produced by the immunogenic release of inflammatory mediators from mast cells and basophils. This complication is typically a result of medications or substances used during surgery and can have fatal consequences.

A 41-year-old woman underwent spinal anesthesia for cesarean section. After the delivery of the fetus and clamping of the umbilical cord, 5 units of oxytocin were injected intravenously and 25 units were infused. All infusions were stopped when the patient complained of swollen lips, periorbital edema, and skin rashes. Subsequently, the patient experienced agitation, decreased SPO2, respiratory distress, and loss of peripheral pulses and was subjected to tracheal intubation. Subsequently, the patient developed ventricular tachycardia, and immediate cardiopulmonary resuscitation was initiated. The patient was cared for until the improvement of respiratory and hemodynamic status. After  extubation, the patient was transferred to the intensive care unit and discharged after 24 days of treatment with improved condition.

Anaphylaxis is a life-threatening reaction in a pregnant mother, but its complications in the mother and neonate can be prevented through interdisciplinary cooperation, rapid diagnosis, and treatment.