نشریه علوم اجتماعی
پیاپی 56 (بهار 1401)

The combination of social punishments is a new concept that includes measures determined by the penal systems through the approval of the legislature and implemented with the participation of the community with the motivation of rehabilitation and the participation of more democratic institutions under the supervision of the ruling power. The concept of these punishments is closely related to the term alternatives to imprisonment as the most common, pervasive and dominant type of punishment, because the main origin of social punishments is due to measures taken by criminologists and criminologists to detain and escape the destructive and inevitable consequences of imprisonment. A review of the strengths and weaknesses of each of these types of punishments shows that each has a function commensurate with the specific crime and circumstances, but in the end, the present study concluded that, given that alternative social punishments continue in Iran, gaining a favorable position And due to its social functions, it needs more attention from the judicial system. At the same time, bedding in various dimensions, especially in socio-cultural dimensions, is highly necessary.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of virtual social networks on academic compatibility and academic self-efficacy in students of Azad University of Bojnourd. The statistical population of this study was all students of Islamic Azad University of Bojnourd, which according to the Morgan tables (1972) for 1300 people, 297 people were selected by simple random sampling method. To collect the data, the Chi-square questionnaire (2009), social support (MOS Sherborne & Stewart (1991) and self-efficacy questionnaire were used. Their validity was a kind of formal and content that was approved by professors and experts And its reliability was estimated using Cronbach's alpha coefficient for phone dependency questionnaire 0.81, social support questionnaire was 0.61 and for educational self-efficacy questionnaire 0.85 Data collected by multivariate analysis of variance analysis SPSS software was analyzed and the results showed that the effect of inter-gender interactions and the application of networks Social participation on social support and academic self-efficacy of students is not significant, but the gender effect on educational self-efficacy is significant.

urban volumes, including sculptures and elements in the text of their city,form a layer of city identity and a suitable platform for formation of signs and symbols of urban identity and creation of memorable and social spaces.In recent decades, it seems that neglect of some features in creation and use of these works,especially in terms of content and space, has caused problems in the identity of contemporary urban spaces and reduced effectiveness of these works.Purpose is to analyze how urban volumes of Kerman city affect the identity and memory of urban space by examining intertextual references and sources of inspiration and themes of these works.Research method of this paper is researches of logical reasoning and its method is to use reason to explain the relations and comprehend the components of a mental system in a descriptive and analytical form and the intertextual approach is used as a theory in semantic critique and analysis of works of art.Results show that use of social, psychological,cultural and literary works, respectively,had the greatest impact on the design of urban elements and sculptures.Also,turning method of explicit meaning into implication and turning mere statues into meaningful elements and implicit references has strengthened the value and symbolic aspect of works and authentication in higher degrees.

This article examines the antecedents of the component of trust and cooperation from the dimensions of social capital to the dimensions of academic achievement. Data are collected in the field. In this research, to collect information, students are first identified. Then, the objectives of the research are explained to each of the subjects and the research questionnaires are given to them and they are asked to carefully read the questions and the desired answers. To suit their characteristics and not leave a question unanswered as much as possible, and finally the collected data were statistically analyzed. It should be noted that the subjects complete the research tool as a group for approximately 20 minutes in the classroom. Inferential (simple regression, multiple regression, factor analysis, discriminant coefficient) were statistically analyzed. And the data is analyzed through SPSS software. The statistical method used in this study is descriptive of frequency, frequency percentage and graphs at the level of statistics and statistical method F (analysis of variance and regression analysis) at the level of inferential statistics. The results showed that between the trust component of capital dimensions. There is a significant relationship between social aspects and other dimensions of students 'academic achievement and there is a significant relationship between the component of participation from the dimensions of social capital and other dimensions of students' academic achievement.

The issue of infertility and infertility and its consequences among families and human societies in general have such wide dimensions that in turn there is no room for any doubt. The study will look at the social consequences of infertility on the family and the extent to which these effects will affect the families of infertile and childless families. This research is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of descriptive-survey nature. In this study, library studies were used and the main tool for collecting information was a researcher-made questionnaire. The statistical population of this study is all infertile women in Isfahan who have referred to the Infertility Treatment Center in Isfahan (located on Mushtaq II Street) in 2009. To obtain the reagent sample, the sampling method was used as available. The estimated sample size of Cochran's formula with unlimited population in this study is 384 people. The data required for this study were obtained through a researcher-made questionnaire. The end of this questionnaire was calculated through Cronbach's alpha coefficient and the result was a total of more than 0.70. Data analysis and analysis. SPSS software was done with version 24 and AMOS with version 24. Descriptive statistical methods (mean and standard deviation) were used for analysis and in the inferential statistical analysis, confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling method (absolute fitness, adaptive, and fitness indicators) were used. There is a relationship between infertility problems and the components of psychological consequences (infertility stress, self-esteem and self-efficacy) in infertile women in Isfahan.

Identity is one of the important issues facing humanity today, so that the issue of self-discovery is of great importance to different people. In general, identity is what makes a person different from one another.Regarding the importance of the subject in this research, using the field method, survey technique and the questionnaire's research tool, we seek to answer the main question: what is the relationship between different dimensions of social capital and national identity? The statistical population of this research is Kermanshah That is, 384 citizens of 18 years old up to this city have been examined as sample size.In order to answer the main question of this research, we have investigated and analyzed various dimensions of social capital such as social trust, social cohesion, social participation, social interaction and social consciousness as independent variables and its relation with national identity as dependent variable. The results of the research indicate that the rate of national identity tendency among the citizens of Kermanshah is too moderate and there is a significant direct and direct relationship between all the independent variables of the research with the dependent variable