پژوهشنامه جغرافیای انتظامی
پیاپی 43 (پاییز 1402)

With the aim of identifying the grounds for the formation of the spatial behavior of the Khalkhal Kurds in relation to the surrounding majority group and the resulting policing, social and security consequences, the present study seeks to design a desirable model for managing the spatial behavior of ethnic minority groups in relation to the surrounding majority.

In order to design the mentioned model, the qualitative research method with exploratory approach was used. For this purpose, 27 experts and relevant experts were selected with two targeted and snowball strategies and were interviewed in depth until the convergence of the answers was reached. Data analysis was done using qualitative content analysis method. The conceptualization of the findings is also the result of open, central and selective coding in the software platform (MAXQDA).

The findings of the research indicate that the non-recognition of the Kurdish minority by the majority group, pride and ethnic and linguistic superiority, ethnic inequality and discrimination between the minority and the majority, humiliation and insult to the minority and unimportance and not valuing the patriotism of the minority by The majority group is one of the most important factors of dissatisfaction in this research.

The results show that as a result of the three factors of "deprivation", "discrimination" and "humiliation", the Kurds of Khalkhal have adopted a different behavioral pattern from the surrounding majority group, and if not properly managed, it can have serious challenges.

The activity of Takfiri-terrorist groups of ISIS in the territory of the eastern borders of the country is one of the most important events that has received serious attention in recent years. Therefore, ensuring the security of the eastern borders is a very important concern, which has faced many uncertainties in the future due to the activities of ISIS. The purpose of this research is to identify the future scenarios of the presence and activity of the Takfiri-terrorist group ISIS in the eastern borders of the Islamic Republic of Iran.

Intuitive logic approach (8-step Petershwartz method) has been used for scenario writing. Data collection tools included systematic review of sources, interviews with experts, expert panel and Delphi, and observation of ISIS actions, and to analyze the data, the opinions of 18 security-law enforcement experts were analyzed qualitatively until theoretical saturation was reached. Checked.

The drivers and different states of the two key uncertainties include the possibility of cooperation of other takfiri groups in the region with ISIS and the state of coordination of border residents in dealing with Tadwin group, which in the best situation of ISIS is not able to directly attack the eastern borders of the country and the border residents are aligned with each other. And they are in front of ISIS, and in the worst situation, with the cooperation of other Takfiri groups, they penetrate into the country from the eastern borders, and some border residents join this terrorist group.

According to the inherent mission of the police in ensuring order and security, prevention and confrontation of crimes related to the tourism industry, including the control of unauthorized activities and services in the tourism sector and in general to create security and a sense of security in spaces Tourism is known as one of the basic necessities in this field.

The present study is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-survey in terms of implementation method. The statistical population is all domestic and foreign tourists who have traveled to Shiraz metropolis in a period of one year from the beginning of September 2016 to the beginning of September 1998. Using Cochran's formula,

If the feeling of security and safety factor of tourists in the tourist destination increases, self-actualization or sustainable development of tourism will be created. In this study, the researcher sought to investigate whether the measures of law enforcement management have a positive and significant effect on the satisfaction of tourists in the metropolis of Shiraz? Finally, the researcher concluded that the measures of law enforcement management have a positive and significant effect on the satisfaction of tourists in the metropolis of Shiraz.

The results showed that the relationship between the dimensions of law enforcement management and tourist satisfaction has been confirmed and showed that the country's police force can use the dimensions of law enforcement management and create a standard based on these dimensions as a practical tool to increase tourist satisfaction.

The present study aims to investigate the state of ethnocentrism in Kurdistan province (Sanandaj, Bijar and Marivan) and the effect of presence in social networks. The present descriptive study is correlational and based on survey technique. The statistical population was the citizens of Sanandaj, Marivan and Bijar cities, and the selected sample size was determined to be 610 people.The highest frequency percentage of the respondents are 38.5% of people who use the Instagram social network, and 4.09%, which has the lowest frequency, use Twitter. The results showed that different types of ethnocentrism are prominent in the cities of Kurdistan province. Also, the intensity of political ethnocentrism is very high in Marivan and it is far away from other types of ethnocentrism, and in Bijar, this situation is almost reversed and the intensity of economic ethnocentrism is significantly higher than other types of ethnocentrism. Also, the dominant aspect of ethnocentrism in the three cities of Marivan, Sanandaj and Bijar is of an economic type (43.3% in total), which the current state of the province in various indicators of economic and human development is a good proof of this. Examining the hypotheses indicates that there is a direct, meaningful and moderately strong relationship (0.412) between the use of virtual social networks and ethnocentrism in the three cities of Sanandaj, Marivan and Bijar. It is concluded that social media can threaten social integration and social cohesion and political and social and even national divergence in the long and medium term.

Spatial analysis of such crimes can provide a clear geographical perspective for planning and policing management in the protection territoriesof urban areas. The main goal of the current research is the spatial analysis of theft crimes in Esfarayen city.

This inqury in terms of purpose, is of the type of applied research, and in terms of methodological approach, it is based on description and spatial analysis. The area under study is the city of Esfarayen, located in North Khorasan province. The data used includes 945 cases of theft crimes in a one-year period, from 21-3-2021 to 3-3-2022, which were received from the police force command of Esfarayen city. Excel and ArcGIS software were used for data analysis.

Most of the shop thefts are related to the central core of the city (ImamKhomeini and Motahari Streets). In terms of car theft, the most thefts in the central core of the city are (Taleghani, ImamReza, ImamKhomeini, Motahari, Farumandi, Moalem, and Valiasr streets). Important thefts Most of the houses happened in more prosperous neighborhoods and the theft of private places occurred on ImamKhomeini, Motahari, SheikhAzari, the beginning of ValiAsr and the beginning of ImamReza streets, and the theft of car accessories occurred on ImamKhomeini-ImamReza-Talqani-Moalem and Motahari streets.

according to the findings, the spatial patterns of the formation of theft hot spots in the city of Esfarayen are affected by the decline of economic indicators, social and cultural problems, poverty, Drugs addiction, divorce, unemployment and urban marginalization.

The aim of the current research is to analyze the spatial distribution pattern of crimes and identify crime hotspots and investigate its spatial relationship with tourist centers and police centers in order to facilitate and optimize police management and reduce crimes on the coasts of Mazandaran province.

First, using the methods of spatial statistics and kernel density, the spatial distribution pattern of crimes, tourist centers, and police centers has been analyzed in ArcGIS software. Then, with the regression method, the spatial relationship between the amount of crimes with tourist centers and police centers has been checked in IDRISI TerrSet software.

According to the results, crimes, tourism centers, and police centers are distributed in a cluster pattern on the coasts of Mazandaran province and have an east-west distribution. Also, the main centers of crimes are located in the cities of Babolsar, Faridunkenar, Mahmudabad, Noor-Alamdeh, Nowshahr-Chalus, Tonekabon-Khorramabad and Ramsar; The main centers of tourism centers are located in the cities of Babolsar, Nowshahr-Chalos and Katalem-Sadat Shahr-Ramsar, and the main centers of police centers are located in the cities of Nowshahr-Chalos. The correlation between the spatial distribution of crimes and tourism centers is 0.87. Also, the correlation between the spatial distribution of crimes and police centers is 0.8.

The creation of tourist police on the coasts as an effective measure in reducing the amount of crimes and strengthening the security of tourists in the coastal areas is presented as the main proposal of the current research.