فصلنامه مدیریت زنجیره تامین
پیاپی 81 (زمستان 1402)

One of the most common and successful approaches to integrated supply chain management is vendor-managed Inventory. In this policy, a vendor takes control of inventory decisions for a number of retailers. This research aims to examine planning for supply, production, and distribution with an integrated approach to reduce waste and shortages of perishable products in a manner that minimizes costs for both the vendor and retailers in the supply chain, considering the vendor-managed Inventory. Since reducing the costs of waste, shortages, production, and storage of perishable goods is of paramount importance, this research simultaneously investigates the proposed model. In this study, as demand depends on product quality and quality information is not available to the retailer before production, demand follows a random and specific distribution. Since chance constraint programming has been introduced as a powerful tool for decision-making systems, in this study, the problem is modeled using this technique. Ultimately, the effectiveness of the proposed method was validated through a case study of a food supply chain. The results indicated that reducing confidence intervals in stochastic constraints could significantly reduce costs within the organization. This research can provide valuable assistance to managers when reducing waste, shortages, and demand fulfillment is of utmost importance.

Transportation plays a significant role in the gross domestic product and oil consumption of every nation. In our country, a combination of recent sanctions and underdeveloped rail, air, and sea transportation systems has led to an increased reliance on road transport. Unfortunately, road transport contributes significantly to the emission of greenhouse gases, particularly carbon dioxide. Nevertheless, transportation is a vital aspect of logistics, and addressing pollution in vehicle routing stands as a paramount concern within this realm.This paper introduces a model aimed at optimizing fuel consumption costs, considering various factors such as vehicle load, speed, pollution, as well as parameters like fuel and engine efficiency, incline, traffic density, wind speed and direction, air temperature, asphalt quality, and driver remuneration. Additionally, this mathematical linear mixed-integer model incorporates probabilistic demand and a distribution system involving both delivery and pickup processes, all geared towards cost minimization.By employing this model, organizations can achieve more precise cost estimates, enhanced analysis, and improved planning. Given the NP-hard nature of the problem, its resolution involves the amalgamation of two meta-heuristic algorithms: Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) and Genetic Programming (GP). Experimental results indicate that the developed hybrid algorithm offers highly accurate estimations in a remarkably short time span when compared with similar algorithms.

The sustainability of supply chain processes is one of the up-to-date infrastructures needed by organizations in tough competitive conditions, so that supply chain sustainability has become a strategic organizational issue. The health system has one of the most complex supply chains due to its relationship with human health, and the drug supply chain is a part of this system. The purpose of this research is "to design a maturity model of supply chain sustainability with a continuous improvement approach in the pharmaceutical industry of Iran". This research is an exploratory mixed research. The first stage of the research is qualitative due to the need to determine the required components of the model. In this stage, using the methods of literature review and systematic review, the required data were collected from scientific articles of domestic and foreign journals and analyzed using the methods of content analysis and thematic analysis, and in the second stage of the research, the opinions of 16 academic experts and An industry was collected and analyzed in the form of quantitative data using a questionnaire in the Delphi method, it is quantitative. The designed maturity model has a descriptive, prescriptive and comparative approach. Designing a supply chain sustainability maturity model for other industries, clarifying the status of the country's pharmaceutical industry's supply chain sustainability using the designed maturity model, and developing a supply chain sustainability standard for Iran's pharmaceutical industry are suggested for future research.

Supply chain management is a crucial factor in creating and maintaining a competitive advantage for farmers' products in the market. It serves as a foundational infrastructure for business implementation worldwide. In this article, we will examine a 4-level supply chain for agricultural products, responsible for fulfilling customer orders through an online system. The government makes major decisions for this chain, while the market regulation headquarters carries out executive operations under the supervision and coordination of the Ministry of Industry, Mine and Trade, and Ministry of Economy. Through research and the determination of the best strategies, we utilized the SWOT matrix to analyze internal and external factors influencing the chain. The ideation process and overall set of strategies were determined through open innovation and collaboration between the levels of the chain. We then used Shannon's entropy method, ARAS multi-criteria decision-making method, and mathematical modeling to rank and select the most effective strategies based on implementation costs and available budget. The results of our model showed that the selected strategies primarily focused on increasing motivation and promoting agriculture within society. Keywords: Agricultural supply chain, SWOT analysis, Crowdsourcing, ARAS, Ranking strategies, Mathematical modeling.

Nowdays, due to the increase in population, the growth of technology and the enhancement in greenhouse gas emissions, it is very important to reduce the environmental pollution of manufacturing of products and the transportations. This article presents a new three level green supply chain model that consist of suppliers, manufacturers and customers. The novelty of this lecture is considering three objects simultaneously. Also, considering the technology, pollution and quality is the other novelties of this model. Due to the fact that in the real world information is not available, the non-deterministic approach will be used environmental pollution parameters and product quality parameters is considered in non-deterministic, the form of  fuzzy numbers.  The weighting the goals and LP-metric method are used to convert the multi-objective model to single- objective model which solving by GAMS software. Sensitivity analysis is done on some parameters. The obtained results show the greeter sensitivity of the new model to changes of demand. From of managerial point of view, this article can serve as a suitable guide for green supply chain network design, considering the effects of technology, profit, cost, and environmental factors under uncertainty.

Customers now care more than ever about the sustainability and reliability of products packaging. This research considers a multi-product and multi-period closed-loop supply chain design problem with three objectives of profitability, social responsibility, and reliability under uncertain conditions. Triangular fuzzy numbers have been used for non-deterministic parameters and a robust probabilistic programming approach with Me scale has been used to deal with fuzzy constraints. The proposed approach eliminates the need for iterative consideration by decision-makers by providing unlimited choices from the optimism-pessimism spectrum. The mathematical model developed in this study is of mixed integer linear programming type, which is implemented Augmented Epsilon Constraint (AEC) method in GAMS software to solve it and find Pareto optimal solutions. The accuracy of the overall performance of the proposed model has been evaluated with four examples (based on the coefficients of the objective functions) from a case study in the Carton-Making Industry. The obtained results indicate the existence of a conflict between the three objective functions. With this account, decision-makers should demand lower profits for increased environmental protection and improved reliability compared to the situation where only the economic aspect is considered. The variability of the justified decision space in the Me criterion has helped to solve the supply chain network design problem more flexibly and closer to reality through the possibility of exchange between the objective function and the risk-taking level of the managers.

With the development of trade and commerce, transportation methods are also developed and traditional methods give way to modern methods, which include multimodal transportation. in a military organization , transportation plays an important role in carrying out missions. Creating a multimodal transportation system can increase the organization's agility and in some cases reduce transportation costs.in this research , first , the necessity of using multimodal transportation and then rail transport approaches and equipment for combination with other transportation methods is described . then geographical, economic, social, political and technological conditions affecting the formation process of multimodal transportation are discussed and, the structure of the network, the elements of the multimodal transport chain, its benefits and defects are It is explained, and , the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT) of the multimodal transport in Iran are is checked. In the end too, the new method of fast tubular transportation (transportation of goods and people in vacuum and ultrasound conditions) is introduced