پژوهشنامه مدیریت اجرایی
سال پانزدهم شماره 29 (بهار و تابستان 1402)

ICT businesses are the cornerstone of smart city development. Indeed, despite the need to pay close attention to the development of ICT businesses and smart cities, there is still no clear framework to ensure the integration of these two categories at the enterprise level and business environment. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to provide a framework that explains the possibility of value creation of ICT businesses in proportion to the level of intellectual maturity of the city. For this purpose, the methodology of design science was used to design the framework for selecting ICT businesses appropriate to the level of maturity of the smart city. In this regard, first, the business model and smart city maturity frameworks were examined and then the business canvas and the IDC model were selected as the selected frameworks, respectively. Then, the conceptual framework of the research was designed based on the SWOT matrix structure, so that the business canvas was considered as the internal factors of the matrix and the combination of the IDC model and CIMI index as the external factors of the matrix. Finally, a conceptual model for the study was implemented and based on its application, considerations were extracted.

Linking the literature of resource-based view (RBV) with ambidexterity, the purpose of this study is to assess the effect of information technology, knowledge management and Marketing capabilities on innovation ambidexterity and its influence on the performance of new product development of Small- and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) active in the Iranian medical and pharmaceutical industry. To this end, this paper develops an integrative research model, which analyzes the network of relations using covariance-based Structural Equation Modeling on a data set of 294 SMEs present at the 21st International Exhibition of Medical and Pharmaceutical Equipment in Tehran in June 2018. Accordingly, the questionnaires were assigned to senior and middle managers whose primary responsibilities were related to strategic innovation activities of the firms. Findings show that the complementary capabilities of information technology, knowledge management and marketing are positively associated with innovation ambidexterity. In addition, innovation ambidexterity is found to strengthen the performance of the new product development. As a result, it can be argued that selected organizations to be successful in new product development, must by striking a balance between two dimensions of exploration and exploitation of innovation; become ambidextrous.

Human resource management is one of the main pillars of any organization and plays a significant role in the success of organizations. Unfortunately, it has not been considered with a sustainable development approach. The ability to implement existing models in the field of sustainable human resource management, due to the generality of the concepts do not have any orientation, so that they are not sufficiently desirable for industrial organizations. The main purpose of this research is to design a SHRM model in Solico Kalleh food industries group, which is implemented qualitatively using the grounded theory. The semi-structured interviews are used for information gathering, information analysis was performed by systematic GT method and paradigm model. The research’s statistical population includes academic and practitioners experts in the HR field . Sampling is conducted by using theoretical sampling method with targeted technique and snowball and finally 15 people, as statistical sample, were selected that information analysis has been done based of those. The results of the data extracted from the interviews by the open coding, axial coding and selective coding process that led to the grounded theory and SHRM model in Solico Kalleh . This model encompass effective dimensions and components, obstacles and, causal, contextual and intervening conditions that show the central phenomena, strategies and consequences. Solico Kalleh will achieve significant results in business sustainability by implementing the strategies in this model including: development of employer branding, development of HR skills, fair compensation system, best place to work and talent management process.

Poor time performance of construction projects is a common problem in the construction industry. Accordingly, from the past until now, numerous studies in different communities have tried to identify the causes of delay in construction projects and each of them, from a perspective, has enumerated them. Since delay is a context-specific phenomenon; there are different views on its causes and the lack of consensus among researchers in this field is obvious. Therefore, in order to bridge the gap, the present study tries to obtain a classified list of causes of delays in construction projects by using the systematic literature review. The research method is meta-synthesis in accordance with the seven-step approach of Sandelowski & Barroso (2006) and the target population of this research is all published research from 1995 to 2021 in ASCE database. After screening according to the selected method, out of 142 identified studies, 26 studies remained in the final list and became the basis for coding. The output of coding analysis was the emergence of 85 unique causes of delay under 21 concepts and 6 categories derived from data. These six categories, which are the main origin of the cause of delays in construction projects, were: Client, contractor, consultant, resources, project and environment.

Today, manufacturing companies understand that due to the speed of technological change, sustainable development is the key tool for gaining a competitive advantage. The present study was conducted to study the necessary actions chain to achieve sustainable open R&D among manufacturing SMEs. Simultaneous attention to the concept of sustainability and open R&D is one of the innovations of the present research. First, the dimensions and components of sustainable open R&D are identified using Structural Equations Modeling and Fuzzy Delphi. The SODA technique was used to study the necessary actions chain in the second phase. Finally, the most important measures are identified using central and domain analysis. 15 components were identified in 6 dimensions in the first phase. The statistical sample size is 329 persons in Structural Equations Modeling and 15 persons in Fuzzy Delphi. Next, after studying the chain of necessary actions and analyzing it using domain and central analysis, 17 actions were identified as the most important measures, the most important of which are: creating information systems, availability of suppliers, meeting customer needs, environmental pollution, development of grand strategy. The most important action to achieve sustainable open R&D is creating information systems. These systems accelerate access to customers and suppliers. In addition, using renewable raw materials to participate in environmental friendly production programs through joint activities with universities and research institutes can reduce the harmful effects on the ecosystem.

The key role of B2B salesperson performance in the growth of sales organizations, the results of different levels of companies and the achievement of the activities of all functions of the organization is clear. The purpose of this study is to identify and explain the determinants of salesperson performance based on the perspective of service ecosystem. The research method is fundamental in terms of purpose and Grounded Theory method in terms of data collection method with a classical approach. The research community is the B2B sales experts of the country's food industry companies who have been selected using theoretical sampling. Research data was collected through in-depth interviews with 20 key sales managers and actors. After coding and analyzing the data, the determinants of salesperson performance in three levels of micro, meso and macro service ecosystem have been identified and classified, among which individual factors, salesperson stresses. Individual factors, co-operative factors, sales organization factors and organizational factors were the micro level factors of the service ecosystem. Characteristics of industry, sales actors, orientation between actors and sales methods of industry, determinants of middle level and finally community factors, family factors and macro variables of macro level factors were identified. Researchers, sales and marketing managers of companies by examining the results of this study can get acquainted with the determinants of salesperson performance at different levels of the service ecosystem and from it, to increase and improve salesperson performance, more effectively to use.

The main purpose of this study is to identify and evaluate suppliers based on traditional, lean and agility criteria and rank them with the combined approach of fuzzy Delphi,SWARA and ARAS in Saipa Company.The research method is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-survey in terms of data collection.First, key functional sub-criteria(traditional,lean and agile)were identified and then fuzzy Delphi technique,the effectiveness of these criteria was evaluated in Company.The statistical population in this part of the research is 30 experts and managers of the company, who due to the limited size of the community,all members of the community were considered as a sample.The fuzzy Delphi output showed that out of 20 sub-criteria identified after evaluating the experts,17criteria were finally approved.Then,using the new SWARA decision-making technique and applying the opinions of 30experts, the criteria and sub-criteria were evaluated and their weights were extracted.In traditional criteria,the sub-criteria"costs"with the highest weight in terms of importance in the first place and"operating capacity"in the last place;In lean criteria,the sub-criterion of"elimination of waste"as the most important and"supply of materials according to the needs of the industry"in the last rank;In the agility criteria, the sub-criteria of "flexibility"in the first place and"strong supplier communication"in the last place are extracted.In the final evaluation of the main criteria of the research,the criterion of"agility"was in the first place, the criterion of"lean"was in the second place and the criterion of"traditional"was in the last place.The proposed approach of this research provides a valuable conceptual framework to company managers to improve the status of suppliers.

The circular economy as new non-linear and circular view in fields of production and consumption has been able to create many benefits for its supporters and has attracted the attention of many researchers, companies, countries and business decision makers.This research has tried to develop concept with the aim of comprehensively identifying the dimensions and effective factors in the circular economy at the macro, miso and micro levels.present study is applied in terms of purpose and meta-synthesis qualitative method has been used to screen the characteristics. Published articles related to the CE ranged from 2015 to February 2020(search date).A total of 346 English language articles were obtained, of which 113 articles were related to the Web of Science database and 233 articles were related to the Scopus scientific database and after going through the meta-synthesis steps, 104 articles were finally studied. According to the three levels of circular economy, analysis of extracted topics, in the form of goal, strategy, components, requirements, enablers, tools, evaluation indicators, key success factors and classification facilitators dimensions and were presented in the conceptual model. In order to evaluate the agreement between the research codings, SPSS software and kappa test were used and the value of kappa coefficient was 0.847, which indicates the agreement between codings. Among the suggestions of the research, we can mention the education and awareness of the society, the formulation of support standards, the legal and ownership ambiguity of the industrial partnership, and retargeting based on the interests of the environment and society

This study was conducted to identify a model for designing a model to remove obstacles and executive mechanisms for implementing servant leadership in the Health Insurance Organization. The present research has been exploratory and qualitative. The content analysis method has been used to identify server leadership mechanisms. The statistical population of the study includes employees of different levels of the Health Insurance Organization that 12 people were selected based on theoretical saturation through the purposive non-random sampling method. Library methods and semi-structured interviews were used to collect data. The data analysis method was theoretical coding derived from servant leadership theories using MAxqda software. The results obtained from data analysis show that the components of humility, service, trustworthiness, interaction with employees, and collection and ethics are the most important barriers to implementation and executive mechanisms of health insurance service leadership, respectively. Using MAxqda software, the indicators desired by the experts are prioritized. Accordingly, the most important and effective barriers to the implementation of servant leadership are "inappropriate structure", "moral barriers", "centralism and self-centeredness" and "subordinate conditions", respectively. The components of ethics, cooperation, communication, planning, and scientism are among the main mechanisms of servant leadership in the first to fifth priority, respectively.

Today, Small and Medium-sized Enterprises are an important part of the global economy. Therefore, because of their positive effects on the economy, understanding the components affecting the development of these Enterprises is of great importance and necessity. In this research, an attempt was made to investigate the effect of cultural components on the development of SMEs in the petrochemical industry.

The present study is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of method. The statistical population of this study was SMEs managers in the petrochemical industry. A Standard Questionnaire of this research were distributed among 39 managers in this field. The validity of the research instrument was calculated using the Confirmatory Factor Analysis model and its reliability was calculated using Cronbach's Alpha. Data analysis was performed using SPSS and SMART PLS software using descriptive statistics and Structural Equation Modeling.

Findings showed that the cultural components has a significant effect on the development of SMEs in the petrochemical industry. The research findings also indicate that the components of distance from low power, individualism, avoiding low uncertainty, long-term orientation and masculinity have a positive effect on the development of small and medium Enterprises in the petrochemical industry.

Cultural components can lead to the development of small and medium Enterprises in the petrochemical industry by facilitating business processes.

Nowadays, capabilities for continuous sustainable innovation creation and development in organizations is considered as a vital mean to achieve competitive advantage in complicated and changing business environments. In the automotive industry, due to the significant impact of its products on environmental challenges emergence and regulatory constraints increase, it requires new capabilities and competencies development for successful implementation of green innovations and achieving sustainability goals. Accordingly, this study’s purpose is providing a model for innovative capabilities development, focusing on how to strategically enhance green innovations in the automotive industry using qualitative and quantitative (mixed) methods. In the qualitative section, Data gathered by extensive literature review and doing interviews with 14 experts through Thematic Analysis method with Maxqda software, and the research model was presented in the form of 84 indicators, 16 components and 4 main dimensions. In the quantitative section, with the Fuzzy Best Worst Method and Lingo software, dimension ranking was done and results reveal that the dimensions of green research and development, environmental factors, green organizational contexts, and green operational practices, respectively, have the greatest significance for developing green innovation capabilities in the automotive industry. According to research findings and considering the technological gaps and constraints in the Iranian automotive industry, focusing on the successful incremental green innovation implementation taking into account environmental incentives and internal technological learning capacities, along with specialized networking to promote clean advanced technologies and developing effective regulatory mechanisms are recommended.

The purpose of this research is to investigate the role of dispersion of international marketing capabilities on marketing strategy plans and business performance with the role of modifier of market dynamics and coordination and alignment of international marketing. The current research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-survey in terms of the nature and method of data collection. And it is specifically based on structural equation modeling. The statistical population in this research is the employees and owners of businesses and food product export companies in Tehran province, which are approximately 2600 people, and according to Morgan's table, 335 people are considered as a sample. The sampling method in this research is the cluster method. The collection tool in the present research is from the questionnaire presented in the research of Ghenizi and Itzak (2019).Results To check the fit of the overall model, which controls both the measurement and structural model parts, the GoF criterion was used, which means the average values of commonality and the average values of R Squares based on the value of GOF is equal to 0.66, which shows the strong fit of the model.

With the expansion of technology in businesses, customers don’t want to be exposed to extensive traditional advertising. Therefore, businesses should use new advertising and marketing methods. The purpose of this research is to explain the content marketing model in the banking industry that can help increase market share in this industry. In the qualitative part, the available information was collected and codes were identified, which were categorized in the form of new concepts and categories, and it was the basis for designing the questions and the interview protocol. Theoretical saturation has been achieved after 13 interviews with experts of 7 banks. Based on 70 codes related to 23 concepts related to the research topic, the final model has been designed. In the second step, the validation of the presented model has been done with the quantitative approach of structural equation modeling. The tool for collecting data in the quantitative section was a closed-ended questionnaire with a 5-point Likert scale. Because the number of items in the questionnaire was 70items, 319 questionnaires were distributed and collected among bank employees and used in the analysis. The final categories of the model are: content planning, content production, content distribution, qualitative market share, quantitative market share and valuation, based on the findings of the qualitative stage, the model was designed, and in the second stage, equations were modeled with a quantitative approach. It has been structurally validated. The analysis of the output of the questionnaires confirms the appropriateness of the mentioned model.