فصلنامه پژوهش های مهدوی
پیاپی 47 (زمستان 1402)

The revolutions that arise are divided into two types in terms of their ideals: revolutions whose ideals are only worldly and revolutions whose ideals are material well-being and eternal happiness. The five-year rule of Imam Ali and the Islamic Republic is of the second type; But when the history of Alavi rule is researched, it becomes clear that some Islamic ideals were not realized during their time. In the Islamic Republic, despite many advances; But some of the goals of the revolution have not yet been realized. In this article, by comparing the era of Alevi rule with the Islamic Republic, the obstacles to the realization of Islamic ideals are examined.

This article aims to explain the role of the Islamic government in facing the cultural challenges of the Age of Absence with a descriptive-analytical method, and its findings show that the Islamic government affects the process of facing the cultural challenges of the Age of Absence by affecting the underlying variables. . The Islamic government is the manifestation of the Will of God Almighty and gives the thoughts, beliefs, tendencies, traditions and behaviors of the people in the age of occultation, a special divine direction. The culture of arrogance, human-centeredness, anti-rightsism, oppression, racial prejudice, superstition, extreme moral vulgarity, and sexual chaos, which manifests itself in the form of enslavement to the ego, the devil, and the world, is the modernized form of pre-Islamic ignorance and is one of the most important challenges. It is the culture of the age of absenteeism. The Islamic government adjusts people's vision, tendency, and action on the path of monotheism and makes people look at themselves and the universe in a correct and insightful way, in harmony and in accordance with their development and nature, on the path of obedience and closeness to God Almighty.

Every government is formed based on a certain attitude towards man, existence, society, etc. Religious government also originates from attitudes (fundamental beliefs) that changes in them lead to changes in the goals, principles, form and method of government. Among the foundations of religious government, there are epistemological and ontological foundations, each of which leads to specific issues. The epistemological foundations of religious government are: realism and negation of sensualism. The ontological foundations are the orderliness of creation, the non-exclusivity of existence in the world of matter, and the monotheism of God. In this research, we have tried to explain and analyze the theory of Islam about the foundations of government by using revealed data in order to reach the desired result.

Decent rule has been one of the goals of all the prophets, and its importance has reached its peak in the teachings of Islam. In today's era, it is important to pay attention to the important characteristics of decent governance based on religious teachings and set an example, which can serve as an example for Islamic and even non-Islamic governments. Based on this, the present research with a descriptive-analytical method, relying on the teachings of Imam Ali in Nahj al-Balagha, deals with the important indicators of competent governance in different dimensions, and through this, the indicators of this governance are analyzed and investigated in the following dimensions: epistemological, political, social and economic. Gives. The result is that the deep understanding of Imam Ali's government history? This shows the important conclusions that firstly: proper governance in Nahj al-Balagha has a divine basis and the principle of its formation is in the direction of reviving religion and divine commands, secondly: this governance is not one-dimensional but includes all aspects of human life and with Many components guide the society towards a virtuous life, thirdly: according to the teachings of Nahj al-Balagha, proper governance is completely different from human and royal governments and its main goal is the happiness and perfection of human beings. The government is based on divine ethics, which reaches its goal with the approach of fulfilling the mutual duties of the people and the leader of the Islamic society.

Discovering and explaining effective solutions for the efficiency of the religious government is one of the important issues that the administrators of the Islamic system should pay serious attention to. In the religious government, the highest goal is to guide, educate and ennoble the people through divine teachings. Therefore, the most important indicators of the efficiency of the religious government are the growth and excellence of the people and the achievement of happiness in this world and the hereafter. People's self-improvement plays a key and fundamental role in realizing these indicators and, as a result, the efficiency of the religious government. With piety and self-improvement, secular and humanistic non-religious thinking will be prevented from entering the government body. This research seeks to answer the question of whether people's self-improvement has an effect on the efficiency of the religious government. The findings indicate that; Self-improvement and observance of divine piety strengthens faith in God and refines and educates the soul and all religious beliefs. The important point is that, by obeying the guardian of the Muslims and implementing the divine commandments, the believer serves the Almighty God and ultimately observes the divine limits in the society, and this is one of the most effective factors in the effectiveness of the religious government. The role of self-improvement with the efficiency of the religious government is the focus of the present article, which, with the aim of discovering and explaining the influence of people's self-improvement on the efficiency of the religious government, has tried to explain the dimensions of this debate with the Qur'anic and narrative approach and the descriptive-analytical method.

Governments are formed based on specific attitudes towards humans and existence, society, etc., and changes in attitudes lead to changes in the goals, principles, form and method of governance. Religious government is based on basic beliefs, including anthropological, sociological, and theological foundations, each of which leads to specific issues in government. The anthropological foundations are the purposefulness of human creation and existence, the extent of human existence, and freedom and awareness. Sociological foundations, the formation of a new bond of faith between people. Theological foundations: the inseparable link between religion and politics. In this research, we explain and analyze the theory of Islam about the foundations of government by using the revelation data in order to reach the desired result.

The present article seeks to examine the efficient and effective discourse of reconciliation and cooperation in the relations between the rulers and the people, which ultimately leads to the creation and development of a righteous society. Using sermon 216 of Nahj al-Balagha, the authors have investigated and analyzed the nature of the relations and mutual rights of the people and the government, and with the inspiration of the said sermon, they have extracted and explained a strategic discourse to regulate these relations. The research method of this article is library and qualitative in such a way that the topics considered in the field of relations and rights and synergies between the government and the people from the perspective of Amirul Momineen Ali? It has been investigated and analyzed, and finally, the conclusion reached is that the creation of a system of cooperation between the people and the rulers will lead to their consultation and interaction with each other, and with each of them moving in the right direction, the elements of the righteous society in the community will be formed. will be.

In individual and social movements, humans are looking for a certain destination and goal, and in fact, achieving the goals defines the motivation of movement and action and their merits and demerits. Governments, which are a symbol of social will, are formed to achieve specific goals, and of course, depending on their intellectual support, their goals will also be different. In this article, the goals of the religious government have been discussed, and in the process of the discussion, the necessity of the government and the purpose of the goals of the government and the importance and benefits of the discussion have been stated, and then the analysis of how to discover the goals of the religious government has been discussed in two ways: one is the path of human analysis. and his and other needs by studying Islamic verses and traditions, especially the words of Amir al-Mu'minin Ali? And the conclusion of the discussion in short is that the goals of the religious government are: education and training of people and their upholding justice in all areas and in their personal and social relationships.