نشریه زیست بوم نوآوری
سال سوم شماره 3 (پیاپی 11، پاییز 1402)

The index of global economic competitiveness in different countries shows the ‎potential of countries for production and growth and competition in the world arena. ‎Several factors affect this index. One of these variables is the innovation level of ‎countries, which is measured using the global innovation index. Based on this, this ‎study examines the effect of the global innovation index on the global competitiveness ‎of OPEC member countries during the period of 2010-2022 using panel data. The ‎countries investigated in this study include Iran, Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, and ‎the UAE. The results of the estimation of the model have shown that the global ‎economic innovation index had a positive and significant effect on the global ‎competitiveness index of countries. Other research results have shown that research and ‎development expenses and the productivity of all production factors have a positive ‎and significant effect on the competitiveness of OPEC member countries. Also, the ‎cross effect of innovation and research and development has a positive and significant ‎effect on the competitiveness of countries.‎The index of global economic competitiveness in different countries shows the ‎potential of countries for production and growth and competition in the world arena. ‎Several factors affect this index. One of these variables is the innovation level of ‎countries, which is measured using the global innovation index. Based on this, this ‎study examines the effect of the global innovation index on the global competitiveness ‎of OPEC member countries during the period of 2010-2022 using panel data. The ‎countries investigated in this study include Iran, Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Kuwait, Iraq, and ‎the UAE. The results of the estimation of the model have shown that the global ‎economic innovation index had a positive and significant effect on the global ‎competitiveness index of countries.

The process of acceptance and dissemination of innovations has been studied for years by multiple researchers. One of the most popular theories of acceptance and dissemination of innovation has been presented by Rogers in the book "Diffusion of Innovations". Many studies from various fields such as political science, public health, communications, economics, management, technology, and education have used this theory as a research framework. Rogers' theory is defined as a widely used theoretical framework, especially in the field of technology and innovation diffusion in organizations. Therefore, given the widespread application of this theory, the aim of the present study is to describe Rogers' theory of innovation diffusion and to examine and critique it using a combined critique method, which analyzes and interprets the theory based on its content, methodology, and historical, personal, and professional characteristics of the theorist. In this research, the strengths and weaknesses of the theory in terms of content and methodology are discussed, and the influences of the intellectual, social, historical, and personal aspects of the theorist on the theory are examined, and the application of the theory of innovation diffusion and acceptance in organizations is explained. The critique of the methodology of the theory shows that innovation diffusion research needs to shift from highly structured and quantitative methods towards deeper, qualitative, and hypothesis-driven case studies of the innovation process within organizations. This theory has been updated and revised in various ways, which is one of its most important strengths. These updates and revisions have enriched and expanded the theory of innovation diffusion. However, one of the most important criticisms of this theory is that it often does not consider the role of infrastructures in the acceptance and dissemination of innovations, and lacks the necessary predictive power to determine which innovations will succeed and which will fail.

The policy maker's goal at the macro level is to promote knowledge-based activities in different regions of the country and the balanced development of the provinces. The current study focuses on the concept of intelligent specialization with the aim of supporting knowledge-based companies and developing their activities. Based on this approach, innovative activities in the provinces should be focused on competitive advantages, potential capacities and value chains in the region.Therefore, this research emphasizes on supporting knowledge-based companies in accordance with the conditions of the region and with the aim of directing activities in the priority areas of the region. Focusing on Hormozgan province, this study has investigated the priority areas and advantages of the region through the study of official provincial documents, including Hormozgan province's plan document and the province's strategic problem-solving document. Then, through interviews with 21 activists in the field, it identified the challenges faced by knowledge-based companies. Thematic analysis method was used to analyze the data and by coding the concepts extracted from the interviews and policy texts, the meaningful pattern of the themes was determined based on the collected data.In the first step of the research, the priority and attractive areas of the province were determined. Then, the field of activity of knowledge-based companies was investigated and based on the attractiveness-capability matrix, areas of activity with high attractiveness, high ability, and high attractiveness, low ability were identified. The results showed that the development of knowledge-based activities in the region requires that things like facilitating the licensing of active companies in priority areas, helping to complete the supply chain in the relevant area, justifying actors to support companies in emphasized areas and using the knowledge of other provinces in relevant areas should be followed up.

This study examined the impact of innovation orientation on innovation performance and firm performance with the mediating role of strategic market planning capability and strategic marketing implementation capability. This is an applied, descriptive and survey research. A researcher-made questionnaire with a five-point Likert scale is used for data collection. To measure the questionnaire validity, formal and content validity and confirmatory factor analysis are used while Cornbrash’s alpha is utilized to measure the reliability. The statistical population consisted of 119 Ariadysel company employees which are evaluated in total and 115 questionnaires are returned. Questionnaire data are tested using SPSS 25 software and hypotheses are analyzed using Structural Equation Method by Amos 24 software. The findings showed that the innovation orientation has a positive impact on strategic market planning capability and strategic marketing implementation capability and innovation performance. Also, strategic market planning capability and strategic marketing implementation capability have a positive effect on innovation performance. On the other hand, strategic market planning capability have a positive indirect effect on the relationship between innovation orientation and innovation performance. However, strategic marketing Implementation capability have no significant effect on the relationship between innovation orientation and innovation performance. In addition, innovation performance has a mediating role and strong positive impact in the relationship between innovation orientation and firm performance. Based on the results, it is suggested that the different units of the company continuously interact and communicate with each other in order to develop innovation and use different techniques (problem solving methods, simultaneous engineering, cross-functional teams and QFD) to create ideas.

Financial distress of companies leads to waste of resources and failure to take advantage of investment opportunities. When a company is in financial trouble, it is expected to face one of these two possible conflicts, a lack of cash on the assets side of the balance sheet or an inflation of liabilities on the left side of the balance sheet. Most of the Iranian companies prefer to convert their cash into other assets due to the existing inflation situation, although this phenomenon is considered as a shield against inflation, but its secondary effect is that The companies are helpless when the debts are due and the reputation of the organization is damaged. Until now, various models have been used to predict financial helplessness. The patterns used in this field are very useful in the decisions of financial market actors. It has always been tried to improve the accuracy of prediction and evaluation of these patterns by using more advanced methods. The statistical population of this research includes all companies admitted to the Tehran Stock Exchange. The statistical sample includes 54 financially helpless companies and 54 healthy companies between the years 1990 and 1400, and in order to categorize the companies into the two mentioned groups, the default of Article 141 of the Commercial Law was used. The results show that the designed model has the ability to predict the occurrence of a financial crisis in companies admitted to the stock exchange up to two years before its occurrence. Also, the obtained results confirm the improvement of the prediction of helpless companies by entering the efficiency score into the models, but this improvement is not very significant.

One of the important strategies for sustainable development of communities was development of knowledge-based and technology-based businesses. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of internal marketing on the organizational commitment of employees of fledgling knowledge-based companies with the mediating role of organizational reward. The statistical population of this study included all employees of fledgling knowledge-based companies in the Zahedan city that 167 people according to Cochran's formula were selected by simple random sampling as a statistical sample. To collect information in the survey level, standard questionnaires of internal marketing, organizational commitment and organizational reward were used, the face and content validity has been confirmed by experts and their reliability of questionnaires was estimated to be greater than 0.7 with using Cronbach's alpha test and combined reliability. Structural equation method and LISREL software were used to analyze the research data. The results showed that internal marketing has effects on organizational commitment of employees of fledgling companies and also organizational reward has a Partial mediating role in the relationship between internal marketing and organizational commitment. Therefore, it is suggested to the managers of new knowledge-based companies to create awareness among employees about internal marketing processes; Identifying the expectations of internal customers; Identification of internal customers and suppliers; Establishing a proper relationship between the expectations of customers and internal suppliers; flexibility and, if necessary, the readiness of employees to change in a way that is responsive to the demands of customers, so that by involving employees in achieving the service delivery criteria in a continuous and quality manner and based on frequent feedback, both in The employees and the organization should make a commitment and also improve the quality of their organization's services, which is in the stage of formation and is necessary for the survival of the organization.