نشریه مطالعات راهبردی جهان اسلام
سال بیست و چهارم شماره 2 (پیاپی 94، تابستان 1402)

The horizon of the movement of the Islamic Republic of Iran is not only the formation of an Islamic government within the national borders of the country, but its real horizon is to reach the territorialization of Islamic civilization with all its civilizational accessories based on the antagonism discourse based on the upper documents. How to reach the destination in this direction should be searched in the capacities and capabilities of the country's foreign policy institution with all its active and reactive dimensions, including conventional and conflicting policies. Iran's Islamic Revolution is a multifaceted phenomenon as a crystallization of ideological principles and values; the same feature that elevates it from a single-dimensional structure to a multi-dimensional domain in dynamic foreign policy. The foreign policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran should be able to enter the field of territorialization of Islamic civilization through the consequences of conventional and conflicting patterns with the ups and downs of the past four decades and the richness of Iranian history and civilization. This is the main issue of the present research. Therefore, in this research, with the descriptive-analytical approach of political methodology, we analyze the capacity of territorialization of Islamic civilization with emphasis on proportionality and gradation in the principles of the foreign policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran.

The improvement of relations between the Islamic Republic of Iran and Saudi Arabia after seven years can be seen from various economic, political and security aspects in the regional and international spheres. One of the most important dimensions and regional effects of the agreement between the two countries is its effect on the relations between Tehran and the Persian Gulf Cooperation Council. Therefore, the question that comes to mind is: "What effect does the relationship between Iran and Saudi Arabia have on the relationship between Tehran and the Persian Gulf Cooperation Council?" In response to this key question, an attempt has been made to analyze the historical relations between Tehran and Riyadh, as well as the relations between the Islamic Republic and the Persian Gulf Cooperation Council, and the consequences of this agreement on the political, economic and security convergence of the Persian Gulf countries.

The possible agreement between Saudi Arabia and Yemen’s Ansarullah and the conflicts of Saudi-UAE interests in Yemen has put the peace agreement in this country in a fragile state. Despite the extensive efforts and movements for peace in Yemen, Saudi Arabia and the UAE are competing for influence in southern Yemen, which is of great geostrategic importance for both countries. The UAE, which was the main member of the military coalition against Yemen at the beginning of the Saudi military invasion of Yemen, currently has no role in the dialogues and negotiations between Saudi Arabia and Ansarullah. It is likely that the dynamics of competition between Riyadh and Abu Dhabi will continue in southern Yemen, and even after the agreement between Saudi Arabia and Ansarullah, it will cause more tensions in southern Yemen. Considering the current fragile peace situation, the main question of the research is that in the Saudi-Yemen peace, what will be the situation of the Yemeni islands under the occupation of the UAE? It seems that if this trend continues, we will witness the escalation of the conflict between Riyadh and Abu Dhabi.

Sardar Shahid Soleimani played an important role in America's failures in the region, which even many Western officials have acknowledged. Shahid Soleimani was able to institutionalize the discourse of resistance at the regional level with two important personal and organizational (management) characteristics; so today, the reflection of Martyr Soleimani's actions can be seen at different levels in the region. In this article, the database method has been used to qualitatively examine the subject of the article so that more components can be examined. To investigate the role of Shahid Soleimani in America's failures in the region, a non-targeted and interview-based sampling method has been used. One of the most important results of this research is the expansion of the discourse of the Islamic Revolution, the resistance and the school of Martyr Soleimani in all parts of the world and that it is possible to use the capacity of factors such as policymakers, elites, agents, non-governmental organizations, political-cultural, military-security currents and new communication media to strengthen and promote comprehensive resistance-oriented diplomacy. The components and indicators of Martyr Soleimani's role in America's failures in the region are also shown in this research.

Diplomacy is one of the important fields of best, optimal and maximum provision of national, regional and international interests. The Islamic Republic of Iran, which is one of the most effective and powerful players in the West Asian region, as the only country that has had the most dialogue, ideological and strategic confrontation with the United States in the region and the world during the last 40 years, looks at diplomacy and foreign policy as an area to advance its principles, ideals, values and components of its revolutionary and Islamic universalism, the realization of which requires the use of necessary and efficient tools, which the country's diplomacy and foreign policy institution is at the head of it. But besides the Ministry of Foreign Affairs as the main custodian of the country's foreign policy, there are also various organizations that help the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in this matter. The Quds Force of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps is one of these important institutions that, under the command of martyr Haj Qassem Soleimani, have achieved valuable successes and achievements in the field of promoting authority and national security, as well as facing security, political, economic, military, and other threats. And along with that, he achieved the transformation of the Islamic Republic into a powerful and effective actor in regional and global equations. The jihadist and unique management of the commander of the Quds Force, Martyr Soleimani, and in other words, his "jihadi diplomacy" along with his military, security and political activities, has been the most important element in realizing the aforementioned strategic achievements and desirable and positive effects for Iran. Due to the importance of this issue, Jihadi diplomacy has been explored and investigated with an emphasis on the performance of martyr Haj Qasim Soleimani.

The path of negotiations between the Taliban and the United States began two years before the Taliban entered Kabul, with the strengthening and political legitimacy of it and its purification by the United States. It seems that the political conflict in Afghanistan and the involvement of the Taliban in the 20-year war with the United States and the Afghan government and conducting negotiations with this country is due to the lack of political distribution of power in this country, which occurred after the Taliban were removed from power at the Bonn Summit (2001) and caused the Taliban to start struggling to gain power in Afghanistan. These struggles were pursued in the form of negotiations with America. After the negotiation and agreement between the US and the Taliban started on in February 2020, these open and secret talks with each other have continued until today. The main focus of these talks, which is actually the continuation of the previous negotiation and agreement, from various methods and paths such as applying political pressure on the part of the United States on the Taliban and the requests of the Taliban from the United States, the proposal of interaction through the Office of the Protector of Interests, the request for dialogue on the part of the Taliban and The possibility of concluding an agreement, indirect and limited negotiation, and remote control along with the intelligence dialogue and negotiation of the two sides are followed up. In this article, which is done in a descriptive-analytical way, we intend to examine the path and outcome of the current negotiations between the Taliban and the United States.

The new conditions of the international system have caused new components to play a role in the official international structures and countries to use new tools and ways to secure their national interests, the most important of which can be considered the use of "soft power". In soft power, influencing others is indirect and low-cost. Considering its sensitive strategic and geopolitical position, the Islamic Republic of Iran has to pay attention to and strengthen various aspects of hard power (military and economic power), and strengthen its soft power dimensions as well. Iran can take advantage of its soft power and achieve the strengthening of its national power when it presents its strategy and desirable values in such a way that it makes maximum use of the components of its power production in both national and transnational dimensions. The current research tries to identify the position of science production in the global geometry of power, from the perspective of the Supreme Leader, with a descriptive-analytical approach. The results of the research show that the component of science production can act as a driving engine in strengthening Iran's national power in terms of hardware and software.

After the fall of the Iraqi Ba'th government in 2003, this opportunity was provided for the new Iraq to pursue its national interests in the shadow of adhering to a new foreign policy based on realism. In the framework of this new foreign policy, the country of Iraq is trying to establish friendly relations with all the countries of the Middle East region and to secure its desired interests and goals through the expansion of bilateral and multilateral cooperation. In this process, two countries, Jordan and Egypt, have not stayed away from the scope of expanding friendly relations between Iraq and the countries of the Middle East region. Due to its access to the Gulf of Aqaba, Jordan has provided Iraq with an opportunity to find an alternative route for its oil exports and reduce its dependence on the Persian Gulf. The same geo-economic advantage of Jordan has caused Iraq and this country to create and develop an oil and gas pipeline from Basra-Hadeithah-Aqaba port in the form of a contract in the field of oil and gas, which speeds up Iraq's access to the Mediterranean Sea through the Gulf of Aqaba and the Suez Canal, and at the same time, to some extent, reduces Iraq's geopolitical bottlenecks in the area of access. At the same time, Iraq and Egypt are also in the process of developing political and economic relations. The trend of existing relations between Iraq and these two countries shows that in the future we will see an increase in joint cooperation between Iraq and Egypt, which can be interpreted in the form of a tension-relieving foreign policy based on the expansion of Iraq's foreign relations.