فصلنامه مطالعات فرهنگی و ارتباطات
پیاپی 73 (زمستان 1402)

Iran has hosted foreign immigrants, mostly Afghans and Iraqis, in the last four decades. Along with the dimensions of structural integration of immigrants, the dimension of cultural integration is also important and key. Cultural integration as a process in which immigrants acquire knowledge and cultural norms for interacting with the host society, facilitated by motivations for integration. The aim of this article is to explore the process of cultural integration among the first and second generation Afghan immigrants in Iran. The research has been conducted within the framework of a constructivist approach and a grounded theory research method. The sampling method was purposeful and snowball and semi-structured interviews were conducted with 45 participants. The data obtained from the interview were analyzed at three levels of initial, focused and theoretical coding. Findings indicate ten main categories including; initial surprise, recognition, similarity, assimilation, convergence, following the values of the origin, the desire to maintain the values of the destination, the centrality of the language and cultural resistance of the host. By summarizing the main categories, " cultural identity " was determined as the final category. According to the research results, cultural assimilation among immigrants has been formed in an intergenerational process, It can be said that cultural transmission has been formed for second generation immigrants.

In the age of social media, predicting people's reactions to messages has been the subject of many studies. Previous studies have attempted to achieve this goal by using users' personality or demographic characteristics. We attempted to find significant relationships between people's beliefs and their behaviors toward messages on social media using a creative quasi-experimental approach. The study was conducted in two steps. In the first step, we performed thematic analysis on Instagram posts to extract various ideas. Subsequently, we deliberately selected two specific beliefs from the pool of extracted ideas: ‘Iran is a significant military power' and 'Prayers help countries progress'. Through a researcher-designed questionnaire, we attempted to measure the participants’ adherence to each belief, and their reaction to messages that contain one or both of the beliefs. We found significant relationships between the respondents' beliefs and their reactions to the messages, indicating that surveying people's beliefs and predicting their responses to certain social media messages could be practical.

The article aims to evaluate the approved and performed policies in the area of cultural heritage, in particular, documentary and writen heritage after Islamic Republic. Howlett and Romesh model was used to evaqluate the macro policies of the area of cultural heritage and the required data have been gathered using documentary method and interview with experts. To achive the objective، the current policies of Islamic Republic of Iran in the area of heritage conservation were analyzed. The statistical population was rules and upstream policies of Islamic Republic of Iran including: 1. The first and sixth Five-Year Development Plan, 2. The Constitution of Islamic Republic of Iran, 3. Vision Document 1404 of Iran, 4. The principles of cultural policy of Iran. The evaluation criteria of the policies in this study was efficiency and effectiveness, i.e. the research aimed to answer the question that whether the current policies of Islamic Republic have had a desirable effect on the conservation of cultural heritage, particularly documentary and written heritage? The findings of the study indicated that the current situation of cultural heritage conservation, in particular, "documentary and written heritage" isn't a desirable situation in the cultural policy making of the country، such that it can be claimed that cultural heritage in the macro policies of the country has been considered synonymous with "old buildings" and "antiques" and the most of the legal approvals have been approved to conaerve this kind of heritage.

The purpose of this article is to analyze the governance practices and challenges of governing online platforms specifically Facebook and its consequences and implications for the platform ecosystem in Iran. What is known as content moderation involves analyzing the mechanisms for monitoring user-generated content by Facebook's social media platform. Another issue is the analysis of Facebook's governance in the US socio-political context and the challenges of governing online platforms. The results of this study showed that some laws such as platform irresponsibility to user content under US law, disclosure of user information and revenue from user data and the monopoly of this corporate platform are the most important challenges to governing platforms in the US ecosystem. Platforms have already implemented various mechanisms for content monitoring, the most well-known of which is the terms of service. The self-governance measures of the platforms have always been evolving and improving. Proof of that is Facebook's Community Standards document. According to the activity model of large global platforms, it is necessary for Iranian platforms to take measures to moderate the content of user-generated content at the same time, taking into account local values. A range of measures such as the development of native platforms, negotiations for the legitimate operation of global platforms in Iran, and the development of data governance and digital governance can be suggested to deal with platforms such as Facebook.

This study was a descriptive-analytic study to investigate the relationship between playing computer games with the eight components of Gardner's intelligence. The statistical population of this study was the students of Tabriz Islamic Art University, 100 of them which were studying in seven fields, were selected by using random sampling and classified. Data were collected by using Gardner questionnaire and questionnaire containing variables related to computer games. The SPSS software, Pearson correlation coefficients, Independent t-tests, ANOVA and Chi-square test were used for analyzing the data. The results showed that the type of games performed has a significant relationship with logical and spatial intelligence. Also there is a significant positive relationship between the hours of playing computer games with spatial intelligence, but they haven’t relationship with other components of intelligence. There was no relationship between the how to play games and the eight components of intelligence. The results also showed that the hours and type of games performed were related to gender and average of times which boys playing game was higher than girls. Girls also spend more time alone playing fun games, and boys playing with friends and fighting games. Also there was a negative relationship between the amount of doing computer games and students' academic performance.

The Corona crisis, its vast and dangerous dimensions, plunged Iranian society, like others, into deadly challenges. The present study tries to answer the following questions: What socio-cultural elements do these messages contain as a communication tool and which messages have they tried to convey to the audience? What are the features of Corona in messages? And what do messages mean about people's social responsibility?In a period of five months, all related messages were collected and a total of 106 messages were analyzed. The findings show that the messages are arranged around the central sign of staying at home as the most important way to stop the corona outbreak. The share of hygiene content in both text and image messages are very small. Half of the messages did not show an image of the corona in the actual dimensions of the danger, but only a text message. There is no mention of physical distance, especially for elderly members and those at risk of the family. The social responsibility promoted in the messages towards ourselves, our relatives, our family, our fellow citizens and our compatriots, as well as the protection of the health of the medical staff, is considered to be staying at home. During the stay at home, it is recommended to invite people to love, peace and happiness, enjoy spending time with family members and reading books. The uses of “campaign” as well as national symbols indicate the need for national determination to deal with this crisis.

Generational relation has been always a theme to narrate different stories; Some war films in the seventies, eighties and nineties have symbolically addressed the relationship between the protagonist of war generation and the next generation and the challenges arising from changing circumstances. cinema choosing and representing social realities and constructing the realities in its own ways, on the other – one may ask why war filmmakers pay attention to generational relation? How is this phenomenon represented and what are its characteristics? War genre inevitably requires a protagonist to address its audiences’ needs. Many war films are based on a protagonist and his adventures and are in fact protagonist-centered stories. Thus, to review the evolution of generational relation representation in Iranian war cinema it is necessary to study the objectification of the protagonist, which reflects the characteristics of the war generation. To discuss about the subject a combined semiotics was used. In conclusion, we first present the differences within generational objects as well as different objects in each films and then, propose interpretative models based on the gathered data and applying Weber’s ideal type. Thus, the evolution of generational relation representation in Iranian war cinema proceeds from “cultural productivity; generational crisis and identity crisis” and “ambiguity in collective interpretation; Transcultural symbolism” in seventies and eighties to “generational dialectic; creation of an inter-

Today, the effects of modernity on Urban Space have led people to more consume. The importance of this issue can be considered because the Kermanshah city space has consequences for the consumption of the citizens of this city. Today, all cities are striving to create opportunities for Consumption, and cities are defined by the facilities they provide for consumption. Contemporary Urbanization is increasingly associated with the Consumption of citizens. This study tries to examine the consequences of Urban Space on the Consumption of the citizens of Kermanshah with a critical view through the views of thinkers such as Marx, Simmel, Weblen, Bourdieu, Baudrillard, De Certeau, Lefebvre, Zukin and Worth. The method of this study was Ethnographic and data collection techniques were Observation, Interview and Lived experience. The observations were made in two parts of body and behavior and 56 people, including Managers and Board Members, Sellers and Buyers, were interviewed in five commercial complexes with the letters of Arg, Parsian, Plaza, Gol and Morvarid. The method of analysis was performed in three stages of Coding, Interpretation and Reporting. The results show that: the change of Traditional to Modern Places has led to the abundance and accumulation of goods, advertising and design of Shopping Malls; Consumer Spaces have led to Addiction to Shopping, Consumerism, Ostentation, Eye and Ocular, Identity Change, Class Distinction and Segregation; Also, Wanderers are Consumers of Urban Space, but they do not consume goods. Finally, Women are the most Consumers of Consumption Spaces compared to other Social Groups.

The emergence of new schools is one of the unique events in contemporary Iranian history. Various analyzes have focused on explaining the formation of a school in Iran. But these analyzes have some kind of reducibility and simplification in explaining this historical event. This paper attempts to present a more general narrative of the emergence of a school in Iran through discourse analysis and the examination of historical evidence and documents. An examination of historical evidence suggests that diverse forces have contributed to the formation of new schools in Iran and that it is impossible to reduce the establishment of a school to a political-social force. The claim of this article is that three discourses of civil education, peasant education and Muslim education were formed around the first new schools in Iran. Each of these discourses attempted to monitor and control the management and activities of schools, and there was a kind of discursive battle around the new schools. Understanding the discourses shaped for the first time around school education can provide an in-depth insight into how the school is formed for those interested in educational studies.

On the 16th of November, 2019, 3rd channel of the Iranian National Television also know as IRIB (I.R.Iran Broadcasting) witnessed a great deal of change. On that night, the first episode of Talent finding program was launched and very soon became the most viewed show on television. Alongside this launch, the IRIB also launched two new entirely different programs, called: “Khahndevane” and “Dorehami”, which also received a great deal of attention.Due to lack of access to viewership data due to privacy laws, a creative solution has been approached by our team, to do a deep analysis of their Instagram and engagement as well as other factors, to asses their popularity.The approach of this thesis is to use the new Computational Social Science approach by extracting data and analysis as well as comparison using webengine called: CrowdTangle and two other programs.Results of this project dues a through analysis and comparison of user engagement data between Asre jadid Media programs and all associated parameters (Followers, trends, user engagement, …). This approach is a better indicator of success as the users are real life as opposed to fake followers and bots that are paid for.

The present study aims at designing an optimal customer relationship model based on analysing touch points in customer journey. It incorporates a hybrid method of mixed exploratory research, carried out in two consecutive stages: qualitative and quantitative. In the first phase (qualitative), it examines the qualitative nature of the study. To do this, it firstly reviews and evaluates the studies that were conducted in the subject field of study. Then, it will do in-depth interviews with Customer Relationship Management experts. Finally, in the analysis stage, it will collect the necessary information and analyse them via coding and categorising the data in order to present a conceptual model. The researcher has done her best to make alterations in the organisational culture to create a suitable environment. The second stage (quantitative) is through structural equation modelling. For this purpose, the data collected from questionnaire is evaluated by smart PLS software. The results show that the proper pattern of customer relationship includes three main variables: before the purchase, during the purchase and after the purchase with an overall number of six indicators. In the quantitative section, a questionnaire that includes 46 items was handed in to 385 participants. They had a shopping experience in a hyper market last year. The results revealed that the variables before, during and after the purchase effect the relationship with the customer. They rely on analysis of touch points in the customer journey.

The main purpose of this research is to analyze the critical discourse of Ashraf Ghani's message on the occasion of Eid al-Adha, two years after leaving power, about Afghanistan and the political future of this country. In the process of analyzing the discourse of this message, at the first level which is description, by exploring the meanings of words and phrases, it is determined that the text generator is well characterized by linguistic features such as the use of known and unknown sentences, verbs with present and absent actors, noun formation, use of Irony and metaphor, the use of pronouns and reference techniques, etc., have been used in line with their overt and hidden ideology. In the second level, i.e. interpretation, the results show that Ashraf Ghani, who is "accused" of fleeing Afghanistan in the mindset of public opinion, used the situational, religious and spiritual context of Eid al-Adha to present himself as a "victim" of Afghanistan's peace. Beyond that, make yourself on a national level with some of the national and historical figures of Afghanistan. At the third level, that is, explanation, in relation to power relations and political and ideological struggles,